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During the War of Liberation, the Western Corps of the East China Field Army of the China People's Liberation Army and the Central Plains Field Army carried out a campaign combining urban tough battles with mobile warfare in Kaifeng, Sui and Qi counties of Henan Province. Also known as Kaifeng Sui Qi Campaign.

In the second half of 0947, the main force of the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Field Army of the People's Liberation Army, the Chen Geng-Xie (Fuzhi) Regiment and the West Line Corps of the East China Field Army advanced into the Central Plains, completed the zigzag strategic development, and defeated the siege of the Dabie Mountain base area by Kuomintang troops. 1948 At the beginning of May, in order to get rid of the passive situation of the battlefield in the Central Plains, the Kuomintang Army High Command deployed 13 reorganization divisions and 30 brigades to defend important positions in the Central Plains, of which 7 reorganization divisions and 16 brigades were located in the south of Shahe and western Henan, and the rest were located in Shangqiu, Kaifeng, Zhengzhou, Heze, Fuyang and Bengbu. In addition, 12 reorganization divisions, 27 brigades and 4 fast columns are deployed to undertake mobile combat tasks, in an attempt to find the main force of the Central Plains Field Army or the 3rd, 8th and 10 columns south of the Yellow River for decisive battle, and to monitor and intercept the West Line Corps 1, 4th and 6th columns of the East China Field Army, which are training in Puyang, and cross the river south.

In order to further develop the Central Plains campaign, the Central Military Commission has given the Central Plains Field Army (renamed Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Field Army in May, 1948) and the East China Field Army summer combat tasks: the West Line Corps of the East China Field Army reorganized the 5th Army in Longhai (also known as Qiu Qingquan Corps, with two reorganization divisions under its jurisdiction, 1 Fast Column). The Central Plains Field Army looked for opportunities to annihilate the enemy in the southern section of Pinghan Railway (now Beijing-Hankou), to contain the enemy's aid to the north, and to cooperate with the West Line Corps of the East China Field Army. Shandong Corps of East China Field Army and Subei Corps launched offensives in Xuzhou-Jinan section of Jin-Pu Railway (Pukou, Tianjin) and the eastern section of Longhai Railway respectively, and made strategic responses to the Central Plains operations. In mid-May, Zhu De, commander-in-chief of the People's Liberation Army, visited Puyang and called on the Western Corps of the East China Field Army to study tactics hard, using the method of "fishing for big fish" to find a way to annihilate the Kuomintang army in the Central Plains with the reorganization of the Fifth Army as the main object. All units of the Western Front Corps mobilized deeply, carried out military democracy, and repeatedly practiced tactics and techniques, making full preparations for the campaign.

At this point, the Central Military Commission decided that Chen Yi, the commander and political commissar of the East China Field Army, would temporarily work in the Central Plains Bureau and the Central Plains Military Region, and Su Yu, the deputy commander, would be the commander and political commissar, and take unified command of the East China Field Army 1, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 column, Guangdong-Guangxi column, special forces column and the Central Plains. On May 23, according to the instructions of the Central Military Commission, Su Yu issued a preparatory order to annihilate and reorganize the 5th Army: First, the 3rd and 8th columns located near Xuchang of Pinghan Railway advanced in Huaiyang direction, attracting the 5th Army reorganized in Shangqiu area to go south; In Puyang area, 1, 4, 6 columns, Guangdong and Guangxi columns and special forces columns took the opportunity to cross the Yellow River south between Zhangqiu Town and the old county town, and then went out to Dingtao and Chengwu (now Chengwu, Shandong Province). Together with the original 1 1 column of the Central Plains Field Army in this area, they tried to cut down the 75th division temporarily under the command of the 5th Army. When the army returned to the north, the third and eighth columns immediately went north to cooperate with the north-south attack of the crossing column and annihilate it in southwestern Shandong. On May 24th, the column began to move. Xuzhou Command of Kuomintang Army General Command was shocked to learn that the columns of East China Field Army 1, 4/and 6 crossed the Yellow River, and urgently ordered the BGF-5 Army, which had gone south, to intercept it from Huaiyang and Fugou to the north, and sent 83, 72 and 25 divisions and BGF-63 divisions 1 brigade from northern Jiangsu to southwestern Shandong in an attempt to make a decisive battle with the main force of East China Field Army. In view of the fact that the Kuomintang troops are concentrated in Su Yu, the southwest of Shandong is narrow and the terrain is unfavorable, it is not easy to achieve the goal of annihilating and reorganizing the Fifth Army. Kaifeng is the strategic location of the Central Plains and the capital of Henan Province. Conquering this city will have a great influence on national politics. The reorganization of the Fifth Army and other departments will certainly reinforce and create soldiers for the enemy's annihilation in the movement. The Kuomintang troops stationed in Kaifeng only have 1 regular divisions and some security forces, and their fighting capacity is not strong, so they are sure to capture them. 3, 8 columns are advancing to Tongxu and Chenliu areas, only 1 day away from Kaifeng, and turning into the future can achieve the effect of surprise attack. So, I immediately changed my plan and decided to open the seal first. If I reorganize the Fifth Army to help the West, I will help the enemy again. The Central Military Commission approved the decision. The East China Field Army has 8 columns, the Central Plains Field Army has 2 columns, and the Hebei-Shandong-Henan Military Region and the Henan-Anhui Soviet Area each have 200,000 people. The Kuomintang army has 12 reorganization division, 3 fast columns, 250,000 special forces and security forces.

The West Line Corps of the East China Field Army unexpectedly occupied Kaifeng. The adowa garrison in Kaifeng is located in the eastern plain of Henan Province, bordering the Yellow River in the north and the Longhai Railway in the south. It is about 20 kilometers around the city, with six gates and four passes. The defenders led the 66th Division 13 Brigade, the 68th Division 1 Regiment, the Henan Provincial Guard 1 Brigade and three public security corps with 30,000 people, with Liu Maoen, Chairman of the Henan Provincial Government, as the commander in chief. Its deployment is: 13 brigade as the defense of urban area, Caoguan and Xiguan; Adapted from the 68th Division 1 Regiment, and stationed in the south of the city as the reserve team; The security guard 1 brigade 1 regiment serves as the provincial guard, and the rest of the security forces serve as the defense of Nanguan and Songguan. The East China Field Army and the third and eighth columns that had just arrived in Tongxu and Chenliu areas formed a siege group. Under the command of Chen Shiju, chief of staff of the field army, and Tang Liang, director of the political department, they are going to take surprise measures to occupy the city and then lay siege to it. Wedge the ninth column of the Central Plains Field Army between Zhengzhou and Kaifeng to stop the reinforcement of the Kuomintang army in Zhengzhou; With the Central Plains Field Army 1 1 column and the Hebei-Shandong-Henan Military Region 1 Independent Brigade in Juye area, the fifth army was contained and reorganized from north to south; Wedge the columns of East China Field Army 1, 4 and 6 into Dingtao, Cao Xian, Quan Min and Kaocheng areas to prevent the reorganization of the 5 th Army's western aid; Capture Dongming and Lanfeng (now Lankao) with the cameras of the Soviet army in Hebei, Shandong, Henan and Anhui, and attack the section from Lanfeng to Yejigang of Longhai Railway to prevent the Kuomintang troops from aiding the west.

The activity was launched on June 65438, 2007. After the siege group launched an attack, it occupied Nanguan, Songguan and Caoguan. At 23: 00 on June 5438+08, the eighth column first broke through the new south gate, but the breakthrough was quickly closed by the defenders, and the follow-up troops failed to follow up. The troops that have already entered the city rely on the towers to fight back. 19, 10, the 3rd column, prepared by artillery fire, attacked Songmen and entered the city, developing rapidly to both sides and in depth. At 0900 hours, the 8th column eliminated the fort group outside the new South Gate, once again controlled the breakthrough point, joined the troops that had entered the city in advance, and then successively broke through the South Gate and the West Gate. After fierce street fighting, by 23: 00 on the 20th, all the troops entering the city had captured all the urban areas except the core positions of Gulongting and Huabei Sports Ground. 2 1 launched the final attack on 17, and the garrison was destroyed at 2300.

During the siege of Kaifeng by the besieged city group, Chiang Kai-shek personally supervised the battle over Kaifeng, organized many reinforcements, ordered the air force to bomb day and night, and reorganized the Fifth Army and other departments to fully reinforce. East China Field Army 1, 4 and 6 columns, Guangdong and Guangxi columns, and Central Plains Field Army 1 1 columns were stubbornly blocked. The 9th column of the Central Plains Field Army, with the cooperation of troops from Henan and Anhui Soviet areas, captured Zhongmou and prevented Zhengzhou from reorganizing the 47th Army (namely Sun Corps) to aid the East. The East China Field Army 10 Column and the Central Plains Field Army 1 3 Column stopped the reorganization of the 18 Army (that is, Hu Lian Corps) in Shangcai and its north area. The Shandong Corps of the East China Field Army surrounded Yanzhou on the Jinpu railway line, and the Subei Corps conquered Lake Ahu on the Longhai railway line to ensure or cooperate with the battle to conquer Kaifeng.

In the battle of Kaifeng, the West Line Corps of the East China Field Army annihilated more than 30,000 Kuomintang troops. This is another successful battle of the People's Liberation Army in the Central Plains after the Battle of Luoyang. It was also the first battle for the People's Liberation Army to capture the provincial capital controlled by Kuomintang troops, which provided experience for later capturing large and medium-sized cities and formulating urban policies.

Chiang Kai-shek was very frightened when he destroyed the main force of the Shounian Corps in Suiqi area, frustrated the plan of the Kuomintang army to seek a decisive battle, and Kaifeng fell. In order to save the day, Qiu Qingquan Corps was urgently ordered to command the 83rd Division of BGF to attack Kaifeng at night. The newly formed District Shousui Corps (under the jurisdiction of the 75th and 72nd Divisions of BGF and the newly compiled 2 1 Brigade) was circuitously set out by Quan Min via Suixian and Baxian counties in an attempt to make a decisive battle with the West Line Corps of East China Field Army in Kaifeng. According to the trend of the Kuomintang army, Su Yu decided to give up Kaifeng and concentrate his forces to annihilate the Ou Shounian Corps in the movement, considering that the Ou Shounian Corps had just been formed, with weak combat effectiveness, little combat experience and great panic. Therefore, the East China Field Army 1, 4, and 6 columns and the Central Plains Field Army 1 1 columns formed two assault groups, which were secretly assembled between Suixian, Qixian, Taikang and civil rights areas, preparing to attack the Shousui Corps. The 3rd, 8th and 10 columns and the Guangdong-Guangxi columns formed a sniper group to intercept the eastward aid of Qiu Qingquan Corps in the west of Qixian County. The ninth column of the Central Plains Field Army is responsible for blocking Zhengzhou reinforcements from the rear and containing Qiu Qingquan Corps and other departments; The two military regions, Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Anhui and Jiangsu, each attacked the Xuzhou-Quan Min section of the Longhai Railway and directly cooperated with the field army. At this point, the main force of the Central Plains Field Army is still blocking Hu Lian Corps and other departments between Xiping, Shangcai and Shangshui in the southern section of Pinghan Road.

On the morning of June 26th, the third and eighth columns of the East China Field Army left Kaifeng and moved to Tongxu. 1, the fourth and sixth columns moved to Fuji area south of the Eight Immortals. Qiu Qingquan Corps occupied Kaifeng with 1 brigade, and the main force attacked the 3rd and 8th columns in Tongxu direction. After arriving in Suixian and Baxian, the Shousui Corps lingered, leaving a gap of 40 kilometers with Qiu Qingquan Corps. On the evening of the 27th, the East China Field Army assault group began to encircle the Shousui Corps. By the morning of the 29th, it surrounded and divided its Corps Department and reorganized the 75th Division to Longwangdian, Changlangtun, Yangguai, Yuxiangpu, Chenxiaolou and other places, and surrounded the reorganized 72nd Division around Tiefo Temple. The 3rd, 8th and 10 columns quickly inserted into the line between Qizhai, Lequi and Wanggu, cutting off the contact between the two corps of Qiu and Qu. On the evening of the 29th, the assault group surrounded the 72nd Division with a force, mainly besieging the villages around Longwangdian. By noon on July 1 Sunday, the 75th Division, the 6th Brigade and the newly compiled 2nd1Brigade were completely annihilated. Then they stormed the defenders of Longwangdian, and fought fiercely until 3 am on the 2nd, annihilating the headquarters of the district corps, the headquarters of the reorganized 75th division and the 16 brigade 1 regiment, and captured the birthday of the district. The Western Front Resistance Group fought a tenacious position defense war with Qiu Qingquan Corps in the southwest and east of Qixian County, and constantly repelled its repeated attacks with the support of planes, tanks and artillery, thus ensuring the victory of the assault group in encircling Shousui Corps in this area.

After the operation of the Shounian Corps in the panic area of the West Line Corps of the East China Field Army began, the Kuomintang Army High Command recalled the 25th Division of tengxian (now Tengzhou) in Shandong Province on June 29th, and formed a new corps with the 3rd Rapid Column and the 2nd Corps of the Traffic Police. With Huang as the commander, it immediately reinforced eastern Henan and arrived near the enemy mound shop on July 1 day. Su Yu, according to Huang's corps, had a shaky foothold after a long journey, which was not conducive to panic in; The 72nd Division of Tiefo Temple near Diqiudian suffered heavy casualties and was unable to provide assistance, and so on. It is determined to annihilate Huang's regiment first, and then panic in the reorganized 72nd Division. The deployment is: the 3rd, 10 column and the 8th column will continue to hold the task of blocking Qiu Qingquan Corps; With the main force of the eighth column and the sixth column 1 division, the 75th division was reorganized through encirclement, and the remnants of He Qitun were laid. With the Central Plains Field Army 1 1 column as the reserve, monitor and reorganize the 72nd Division; With the eastward advance of 1, 4, 6 columns and the main force of Guangdong and Guangxi columns, the Yellow Corps was encircled. On July 3rd, each column arrived at Cao Ying and Xie Ying in the northwest of Enemy Hill Store, and at the same time attacked all fronts, reaching a battalion and quickly annihilating two regiments. Then the eighth column turned to war. Launch a general attack on the evening of the 5 th. By the morning of the 6th, Kewang Laoji, Sunzhuang and other places had annihilated 1 regiment. At this time, the two brigades of the Yellow Corps have been annihilated for a year and a half, but the Qiu Qingquan Corps, which was aided to the east, has reached the right side of the enemy mound shop from the persimmon garden and Xiezhai area north of Qixian County, and is making a detour to the southeast; The 74th reorganization division from Fuyang north (rebuilt after being annihilated in the Battle of Menglianggu) has reached the west of Ningling with the help of Shangqiu West. The Zhang Qu regiment (including Hu Lian Corps) that went northward along Pinghan Railway has arrived in Huaiyang and Shangshui areas. In this case, if the East China Field Army continues to encircle and annihilate the Yellow Corps, it will be forced to fight against the multi-channel aid to the enemy and will be passive. At the same time, the war zone has not rained for a long time, wells have dried up, rivers have dried up, drinking water is difficult, it is also a hot summer, and epidemics are prevalent. In order to keep the initiative, Su Yu decided to end the campaign. On the evening of July 6th, the East China Field Army and the Central Plains Field Army's Western Corps withdrew from the battle and moved to Suixian, Qixian and the south of southwest Shandong. In the Suiyu Campaign, * * * wiped out 50,000 Kuomintang troops.

During this period, the main forces of the Central Plains Field Army were Sun Corps and groups along the Pinghan Railway. Shandong Corps of East China Field Army cleared the Kuomintang military strongholds in Jinan-Xuecheng section of Jin-Pu Railway and besieged Yanzhou. The Northern Jiangsu Corps conquered Lianshui, Siyang, Suqian and other towns, and effectively cooperated with the Suiba Campaign.