In which province and city is Pingxiang City, Chongzuo City, Guangxi located?

Located in: Pingxiang City, Chongzuo City, Guangxi

The beautiful Pingxiang is located on the border of the motherland, bordering Liangshan Province of Vietnam on both sides in the southwest. The border is 97 kilometers long, and the urban area is 97 kilometers away from Vietnam. It is 32 kilometers away from the capital of Liangshan Province, 176 kilometers away from the capital of Vietnam, and 231 kilometers away from Nanning, the capital of Guangxi (160 kilometers after the opening of the Nanyou Expressway in October 2005). The Hunan-Guangxi Railway and National Highway 322 run through the city, and there is a Pingxiang train in the territory. The national first-level ports such as the Railway Station and Friendship Pass and Hepingguan and other local ports are the largest and most convenient land passage from China to Southeast Asia. Pingxiang City is located between 106°41'-106°59' east longitude and 21°57'-22°16' north latitude. It covers an area of ??650 square kilometers, is about 35 kilometers wide from east to west, and is about 55 kilometers long from north to south. It is inhabited by 17 ethnic groups including Zhuang, Han, Miao, Jing, Dong, Yao and Buyi. Pingxiang City has jurisdiction over four towns: Pingxiang, Youyi, Xiashi and Shangshi, 33 village committees, 8 neighborhood committees, and 260 natural villages. The city has a population of more than 150,000.

The hills in the southwest of the city, the valley in the middle, and the plains in the northeast are fertile. Pingxiang City has a subtropical monsoon climate, with no scorching heat in summer, no severe cold in winter, and abundant rainfall. The average annual temperature is 21-23°C, the annual rainfall is between 1062-1772mm, and the maximum daily rainfall is 206.5mm. The annual frost-free period is 344 days, and the average sunshine is 1,614 hours. The dominant wind direction throughout the year is easterly and southerly in summer, and northeasterly in winter, with an average annual wind speed of 5-17 meters E.

There are 39 large and small rivers in Pingxiang City, including Pingxiang River and Xia Shi River, with a total length of 264 kilometers, all belonging to the Pearl River system. The largest river is Ping Er River, which originates from Qiqiong River in northern Vietnam. It enters Ping Erguan, flows to Longzhou, and merges into Zuojiang River, which is convenient for sailing boats. The average width of the river is 80-110 meters, the average water depth is 8-12 meters, the maximum flow is 8260 cubic meters/second, and the annual average flow is 182 cubic meters/second.

Mineral resources mainly include iron, manganese, coal, phosphorus, iron sulfur, placer gold, crystal and limestone, marble, granite, rare earths, etc. Among them, the marble reserves amount to more than 200 million cubic meters. Nearly 10,000 laborers flow in from other places every year. Pingxiang is located in the subtropical zone, with a wide variety of plants. The most widely distributed tree species are masson pine, fir and bamboo. There are about 360,000 acres of sloping forest belt, and the forest coverage rate is 23.64%. The timber forests mainly include pine and fir, the economic forests mainly include anise, tung oil, and camellia oleifera, the fruit forests include tangerines, oranges, longans, plums, plums, longans, lychees, etc., and there are also more cloud bamboo, yellow grass, and bamangan trees. and other papermaking raw materials.

Pingxiang is located in a strategic location. Due to historical reasons, the economy has been underdeveloped for a long time. In 1992, the State Council approved Pingxiang City as a border city open to the outside world, enjoying a series of preferential policies for development and opening up, and approved the establishment of a 7.2 square kilometer border economic cooperation zone and a public bonded warehouse. Over the past 13 years, Pingxiang City has given full play to its location advantages as an open port along the border. While achieving leapfrog development in foreign trade, it has initially achieved new breakthroughs in the tourism industry, and various social undertakings have also developed simultaneously. In the thirteen years from 1992 to 2004, Pingxiang’s border trade turnover exceeded 14 billion yuan, accounting for a quarter of Guangxi’s trade turnover with Vietnam.

In March 2005, Pingxiang City won the title of "Guangxi Excellent Tourism City". Friendship Pass, one of the nine most famous passes in the country, is located in the Pingxiang section of the China-Vietnam border. It has tourist attractions such as ancient battlefield ruins, Jinji Mountain, Baiyu Cave, Pinggangling Underground Great Wall, and subtropical forests. The Puzhai and Nonghuai Border Trade Management Zones within the territory are famous border trade points in Guangxi and even the country. They have complete infrastructure and are good places for business, tourism and shopping.

Pingxiang City is taking advantage of the great opportunity of the country's Western Development, the launch of the China-ASEAN Trade Area, and the China-ASEAN Expo held in Nanning to actively build a modern international port city, a border trade city and excellent tourism City.

Historical evolution

In 221 BC, Qin Shihuang established Guilin County, Nanhai County and Xiang County in Lingnan, and Pingxiang belonged to Xiang County. In the winter of the sixth year of Yuanding (111 BC), after the Han Dynasty defeated Nanyue, Pingxiang became the land of Yongji County, Yulin County. From the Three Kingdoms to the Western Jin Dynasty, Pingxiang belonged to Linpu County, Yulin County. From the Eastern Jin Dynasty to the Northern and Southern Dynasties, it belonged to Jincheng County, Yulin County. In the Sui Dynasty, it belonged to Xuanhua County. In the Tang Dynasty, Jisi Shixi Prefecture was established, and the prefecture governed Shangshijin Town. The Song Dynasty was under the jurisdiction of Yongping Village. After suppressing Nong Zhigao's uprising, Pingxiangdong was established and the chieftains were hereditary. This is the origin of the name Pingxiang.

At that time, it was governed in Sanhua, Tuoli (in today's Sanlian Village). Yuan belongs to the jurisdiction of Siming Road. In the 18th year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1385), Pingxiang was reorganized into a town and was subordinate to Taiping Prefecture. In May of the second year of Yongle (AD 1404), Pingxiang Town was promoted to Pingxiang Tu County and was placed under the jurisdiction of Siming Prefecture. In the 18th year of Chenghua (AD 1432), because Zhenyi Pass (today's Youyi Pass) was a key place in the Zuojiang River Basin, it was classified as a Tuzhou and directly under the administration of the Chief Secretary of Guangxi.

In the early Qing Dynasty, the Ming system was adopted. In the eleventh year of Shunzhi (AD 1654), Pingxiang Tuzhou was transferred to Taiping Prefecture. In the twenty-eighth year of Guangxu (AD 1902), Pingxiang Tuzhou was demoted to suppressive state and returned to Mingjiang Hall for concurrent management. In the second year of Xuantong (AD 1910), Pingxiang Tuzhou was transferred to Pingxiang Hall, and Shangshi area was suppressed at the same time. In the second year of the Republic of China (AD 1912), Pingxiang was changed into a county. In 1913, Xiashi Tuzhou was changed to Tuguiliu and incorporated. From 1912 to 1932, Pingxiang County had 4 districts and 19 regiments. In 1933, the districts were abandoned and established into townships. Districts 1, 2, 3 and 4 were renamed Chengxiang Township, Shangshi Township, Xiashi Township and Aikou Township respectively.

After the founding of New China, in May 1951, Ningming, Mingjiang, and Pingxiang counties were merged into Zhennan County, and the county government was located in Ningming Town. In 1952, Zhennan County and Sile County were merged into Ningming County. In July 1955, Pingxiang was designated as a county-level town and divided from Ningming County. On November 16, 1956, Pingxiang Town was changed to a county-level city. In December 1958, Ningming County, Longjin County, and Pingxiang City were merged into Munan County, and the county government was located in Pingxiang Town. On May 10, 1959, Munan County was divided into Ningming County and Longjin County. At that time, Pingxiang was demoted to Munan Commune of Ningming County, and it was still called Pingxiang City to the outside world. On May 27, 1961, Ningming County was reorganized into county-level Pingxiang City, with three people's communes including Aikou, Munan and Zhushan. In October 1966, Longzhou County Pinger Brigade was placed under Pingxiang City. In 1981, Xia Shi Commune in Ningming County was placed under Pingxiang City. In 1984, the people's communes were abolished and changed into townships. Pingxiang City currently governs four towns: Pingxiang, Youyi, Shangshi, and Xiashi, 33 village committees, and 5 neighborhood committees (communities).

In November 2002, the State Council approved Pingxiang City as a municipality directly under the Central Government of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. In January 2003, the autonomous region approved Chongzuo City to take charge of Pingxiang City.

Border Trade

Pingxiang City gradually resumed and developed border trade in April 1988. The city has four border trade points including Nonghuai, Puzhai, Pinger and Youai. Among them, there are 5 companies in the city with the right to operate border small trade and foreign economic and technical cooperation. There are more than 600 companies from all over the country. and businesses participating in border trade. The main means of transaction are barter and RMB barter. Among the commodities traded, the main commodities exported through border trade include cloth, bicycles, hardware and electrical machinery, agricultural machinery, ceramics, food, fruits, daily necessities, etc. 150 There are many kinds (types) of exported goods from all over the country, most of which are from Zhejiang, Guangdong and Guangxi and inland economically developed areas. The main imported commodities are timber, Chinese herbal medicines, bananas, star anise mangoes, longans, squid, crabs, cashew nuts and other agricultural and sideline products and aquatic products, as well as more than 60 kinds of non-ferrous metal minerals such as zinc, manganese and chromium. In general, the restoration and development of border trade in Pingxiang City has gone through two stages: the initial stage from 1988 to 1991. The border trade at this stage has four main characteristics:

Friendship The first is the voluntary participation of border residents, and the scope of trade is limited to the mutual trading points on the border between the two countries.

Second, barter trade is the main form of transaction.

Third, the scale of trade is small and business entities are scattered.

Fourth, the management system is not yet complete.

The second stage is the improvement stage, which lasts from 1992 to the present.

At this stage, the central and local governments have successively introduced a series of preferential policies for the development of border trade, and local management of border trade has gradually been brought into a standardized and institutionalized track. Border trade has gradually formed a large-scale, wide-reaching, and diversified new economy. The pattern is mainly reflected in five aspects:

(1) The scale of trade has developed from simple mutual trade to a relatively standardized border trade with a certain scale and quality;

(2) ) Trade entities have developed from primitive private barter trade spontaneously by border residents to diversified trade in which state-owned, collective individuals, foreign capital, joint ventures and other economic sectors participate together;

(3) Trade area The initial pure mutual trade between the border residents of the two countries has become a transnational trade and transnational entrepot trade that radiates many countries; (4) The form of trade has developed from a single mutual trade between the border residents to one involving agriculture, industry, technology and trade. A comprehensive trade system that combines the two countries;

(5) Since 1995, border trade and international trade have kept pace with each other and developed simultaneously. From 1988 to 1999, Pingxiang Border Trade

created huge wealth for the country and the local area. In 1988, the city's border trade turnover was 20 million yuan, and in 1998 it was 1.15 billion yuan. In 1999, the total value of imported and exported goods at Pingxiang Port reached 2.15 billion yuan, an increase of 4% over the previous year, and the border trade turnover reached 1.3 billion yuan, an increase of 12.6% over the previous year.

Economic Construction

Agriculture

In 2006, the grain planting area in Pingxiang City was 3,584 hectares, a decrease of 1,307 hectares compared with the previous year; the sugarcane planting area was 3,340 hectares, an increase of 1,222 hectares. hectares; the vegetable planting area was 1,898 hectares, a decrease of 59 hectares; the oil planting area was 194 hectares, a decrease of 3 hectares; the legume planting area was 162 hectares, a decrease of 39 hectares.

Industry and Construction Industry

In 2006, Pingxiang City completed a total industrial output value of 410.03 million yuan, an increase of 58.8% over the previous year, of which the total industrial output value above designated size was 262.19 million yuan, an increase of 58.8% over the previous year. An increase of 94.3% in the previous year; the industrial added value was 130.82 million yuan, an increase of 47.7% over the previous year, of which the added value of industries above designated size was 82.67 million yuan, an increase of 80.8%; the product sales rate was 87.6%.

Fixed asset investment

In 2006, the total fixed asset investment in Pingxiang City was 922.21 million yuan, an increase of 62.4% over the previous year. Among them, urban fixed asset investment was 850.47 million yuan, an increase of 59.3%; rural fixed asset investment was 71.01 million yuan, an increase of 123.7%. Among urban fixed asset investments, capital construction investment was 606.67 million yuan, an increase of 29.9%; renovation investment was 149.82 million yuan, an increase of 467 times; other investment was 2.68 million yuan, an increase of 32%; real estate development investment was 85.99 million yuan, an increase of 33%.

Science, Education, Culture and Health

Culture, Health and Sports

By the end of 2006, Pingxiang City had 1 professional art performance group, public institutions at or above the county level There is 1 library, 1 cultural center and 1 museum.

There are 5 health institutions (excluding village clinics) and 1 maternal and child health hospital (station) in the city. The total number of beds in medical institutions in the city is 157.

Education and Science and Technology

In 2006, Pingxiang City ordinary high school enrolled 483 students, with 1,259 students and 273 graduates. Ordinary junior high schools have an enrollment of 1,810 students, 5,005 current students, and 1,386 graduates. The general primary school enrollment is 1,432, with 8,192 students and 1,899 graduates. Students in public schools in the rural compulsory education stage can attend school free of charge.

Trade with Vietnam

Pingxiang and Vietnam are connected by mountains and rivers, and trade has existed since ancient times. As early as the Song Dynasty, after Vietnam established an independent feudal country. Sino-Vietnamese border trade has begun. By the Qing Dynasty, private trade between the two sides included star anise, fennel oil, brown sugar, piglets, etc. After the "Opening of the Foreign Ban" in the seventh year of Yongzheng's reign, modern Western European industrial products flowed into Pingyang from Vietnam. Chinese goods are also exported to Southeast Asia on a sample basis.

At that time, there were two main land trade routes between China and Vietnam. One enters Vietnam from Kaihua Prefecture (now Wenshan County) in Yunnan, and the other goes from Longzhou, Guangxi, Zhennanguan (now Youyiguan) and Huerguan in Pingxiang to Langshan and Gaoping in Vietnam. Zhennanguan, which is located in a mountain pass, has become the only place for the "Silk Road" in southern my country, and Pingxiang has become the distribution center for Sino-Vietnamese border trade.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the trade between China and Vietnam has taken on new dimensions. Development.

In early 1953, Pingxiang established a joint small trade office with Vietnam consisting of government, customs, foreign trade, taxation, banking and other departments, with 5 units and 229 employees. It was officially opened to Vietnam on January 20. In April 1953, with the development of border trade, Pingxiang established financial institutions with Vietnam - the People's Bank of China's Aokou Exchange Office and Ping'er Exchange Office, which specialized in handling the entry and exit of border residents from both sides. In October 1953, the Munang Pass (today’s Friendship Pass) Port Committee was established to handle the exchange of super currencies and the deposit of RMB by Vietnamese border residents. These eight units were jointly composed of the government and eight foreign affairs units, as well as the police, banks, and the garrison. They are: Friendship Border Inspection Station of the People's Republic of China, Pingxiang Branch of China Customs, Health and Quarantine Institute of the People's Republic of China and Pingxiang, Animal and Plant Quarantine Institute of the People's Republic of China and Pingxiang, China The Pingxiang Branch of the International Travel Service, the Pingxiang Branch of the China Foreign Trade and Transportation Corporation, the Pingxiang Railway Station of the Liuzhou Railway Bureau, and the Pingxiang Branch of the Foreign Affairs Office of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were established in 1958. A port committee is responsible for inspecting transit personnel, materials, and mail; responsible for meeting with the Vietnamese port committee, handling border trade relations, etc. At that time, the main Vietnamese agencies in Pingxiang City were: the General Administration of Transport and the head office of the Ministry of Foreign Trade of Vietnam. The Xiang transportation class, the Vietnam People's Army Logistics Bureau stationed in Pingxiang, and the Vietnam Ministry of Transport Railway General Administration stationed in Pingxiang transfer station, etc. Due to the complete institutions and good opening up, the number of people crossing the border is increasing day by day, and the border turnover has increased sharply.

In 1953, the number of Vietnamese immigrants at the Pingxiang border reached 276,000, accounting for 61.3% of the total number of Vietnamese immigrants in Nanning during that period. In 1955, the transaction volume of Pingxiang border trade between China and Vietnam reached 1,295.2. million, accounting for 79.4% of the total transactions between the two parties in Nanning during this period. Among them, imports were 4.577 million yuan and exports were 8.375 million yuan. Our export products mainly included industrial products and Chinese patent medicines. Mainly agricultural and sideline products, Chinese herbal medicines and some industrial consumer goods. In 1952, China and Vietnam signed the first trade contract. In 1953, the trade volume between the two countries increased by 10%. By 1956, the trade volume was already 1952. 13 times that of the previous year, Vietnam ranked first in trade with other countries. From 1971 to 1975, the amount of various materials shipped to Vietnam through the Pingxiang Friendship Port reached more than 6 million tons.

November 12, 2020. On October 20, 2020, the list of the top 100 counties and cities with tourism development potential in China in 2020 was announced, and Pingxiang City was on the list.

On October 20, 2020, Pingxiang City won the 2020 National Double Support Model City (County). title.

On October 9, 2020, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment awarded Pingxiang City the title of the fourth batch of national ecological civilization construction demonstration cities and counties.

In August 2019, the list of comprehensive demonstration counties for e-commerce in rural areas in 2019 was released, and Pingxiang City was included.

In March 2019, Pingxiang City was included in the first batch of districts and counties for the protection and utilization of revolutionary cultural relics (Zhouyoujiang District).

On August 16, 2018, Pingxiang City won the honor of the fourth batch of advanced units in the national rule of law county and city creation activities.

In December 2017, Pingxiang City was listed among the first batch of autonomous region-level ecological counties (cities, districts) in Guangxi.

On February 16, 2016, Pingxiang City was listed on the list of counties (cities, districts) with basically balanced development of compulsory education nationwide in 2015.