Architectural design, structural design and other designs

Main positions and salary standards in architectural design companies (design institutes) The architectural design industry has been the industry that has attracted the most attention in the past two years, and its architects have also been the most popular positions in the past two years. On par with others, there are dozens of positions such as structural engineer, electromechanical engineer, general drawing engineer, etc., with annual salary + halo, which is the portrayal of these darlings of the times who have encountered "opportunities". Below we introduce one by one the job recruitment situation in the architectural design industry, a talent gathering place. 1. Architects Architectural design creates beauty, and architectural performance reshapes the soul of architecture. With the development of the times, the improvement of living standards and the advancement of technology, people have higher and higher requirements for architectural design, and the profession of architect has become more and more important. So, if you want to join the team of architects, what should you do first? What qualities are required? What are the responsibilities of his job? Job Responsibilities: The architect's work content includes several stages of scheme design, preliminary design, construction drawing design and later coordination. He is mainly engaged in constructing new buildings, repairing and protecting old buildings, and planning the layout of the building and the surrounding spatial environment. Architects are responsible for managing the entire process of a construction project, from initial design to completion. They design blueprints based on the client's requirements, taking into account aspects such as cost, safety, social factors and building and planning regulations. After the design is approved, the architect will draw more detailed working drawings for the construction contractor, indicating the precise dimensions and materials used. In addition to maintaining close liaison with builders, engineers, inspectors, lawyers and planning authorities, architects regularly visit the site to inspect construction operations and evaluate the progress of the project. Architects generally work long hours and often need to work overtime. The work location is mainly in the office, but you also need to visit customers and conduct on-site inspections. Due to the current market volatility, it may be difficult to obtain stable employment. Employment on short-term contracts is increasingly common, resulting in higher wages but lack of long-term job security. Contracting and freelance work are becoming increasingly common, with many architects opening their own practices after a period in this practice. Because of the wide variety of services that architects can provide, they often specialize in a certain area, such as specializing in landscape architecture or planning. Once you open your doors as a builder, you must also have the skills to negotiate with clients and manage and lead team communications. Both social and environmental factors influence an architect's work, so a thorough understanding of these factors is also essential. The results of an architect's hard work will eventually be displayed in front of the public, but they may not be approved by everyone, so architects must also be able to withstand pressure and accept criticism. Entry threshold: Architect is a landmark position in design institutes (offices). Most of them major in architecture, and a few major in landscape planning, environmental art, etc. Architects have always been a popular profession in the construction and real estate industry, and the demand for such talents has always been strong, and this demand has also undergone some changes in the past two years. On the one hand, changes come from small and medium-sized real estate companies that did not pay much attention to architects in the past. Now they are beginning to pay attention to the position of architects. They believed it was necessary to have their own good architects, which led to an increase in the overall demand for architects. Another change comes from the increasing requirements of large enterprises for architects. In the past few years, architects who entered large companies only needed to have the first-class registered architect qualification. However, now, on the basis of this necessary condition, strict requirements for educational background, industry experience and foreign language proficiency have been added. Salary: Generally speaking, architects have a leading position in civil design institutes (companies) or offices, and their salaries are also high among all professional talents. There are also differences in the income levels of architects of the same level in different regions and cities, as well as between different design institutes (companies) or offices. Taking medium-sized design companies in developed cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzhen as examples, the income standards of architects are introduced below: Income level of architects: · Annual salary of assistant architects is 40,000 yuan to 80,000 yuan · Annual salary of architects and chief architects 80,000 yuan to 150,000 yuan·Chief architect and chief architect have an annual salary of 150,000 yuan to 400,000 yuan·Chief architect and design director have an annual salary of 400,000 yuan to 800,000 yuan·Architectural masters have an annual salary of more than 800,000 yuan. In addition to cash income, this position also includes overseas inspections , vehicle subsidies and other generous benefits make the profession of architect particularly attractive.

2. Structural Engineers Architects are craftsmen who refine structural elements and draw structural blueprints. They are one of the main professional positions in design institutes (offices) and real estate companies. After the earthquake disaster in Wenchuan, Sichuan this year, building structures immediately attracted people's attention. As institutions and units pay attention to building structures, there is a timely employment space for structural engineers. The responsibilities of structural engineers are very important, so companies also have relatively high requirements for their job responsibilities. Job Responsibilities: The job responsibility of a structural engineer is to design the building structure. Structural design uses structural language to express what architects and other professional engineers want to achieve. The structural language is a simplified structural element extracted from architectural drawings and other professional drawings, including foundation foundation, vertical components (such as walls, columns, supports), horizontal components (such as beams, slabs), and traffic components (such as stairs). , elevators), detailed drawings, etc., and then use these structural elements to form the structural system and structural drawings of the building or structure, and use the structural drawings to guide the structural construction. The structural design goals are to be technologically advanced, safe and applicable, economical and reasonable, and to ensure quality. Entry threshold: Structural engineers are generally graduates of civil engineering majors, and there are also students majoring in transportation and civil engineering. The growth of structural engineers is slower than that of architects. Generally speaking, after graduating from a university and going to a design institute (office), they can only do simple drawing work. It takes at least two years to complete part of the design tasks relatively independently, which requires basic maturity. About 8-10 years. Salary: The salary of structural engineers is also high among all professional talents. Generally speaking, for civil engineering professionals with the same qualifications, working as a structural engineer will have a higher income level than working as a civil engineer or other other positions. The following is the average income standard of structural engineers: ·Assistant structural engineer's annual salary is 30,000 yuan-50,000 yuan ·Structurer and supervisor structural engineer's annual salary is 50,000 yuan-120,000 yuan ·Chief structural engineer's annual salary is 120,000 yuan-300,000 yuan ·Chief structural engineer's annual salary is 300,000 yuan-300,000 yuan 600,000 yuan 3. Mechanical and electrical engineer The mechanical and electrical engineer is one of the main professional positions in architectural design institutes (offices). It generally consists of three majors: water supply and drainage, HVAC, and electrical. Mainly engaged in the design, drawing and construction management of water supply and drainage, heating and ventilation, and strong and weak electricity. Job responsibilities: 1. Make drawings in accordance with the relevant design plans and requirements of the plumbing, heating and electricity major; 2. Perform parameter calculations based on the plumbing and electricity equipment required for the building; 3. Complete the design depth in accordance with customer requirements and planning standards. (;) 4. Provide comprehensive solutions to ensure the operation and use of equipment. (;) 5. Provide technical services and technical return visits to solve design problems during construction. Entry threshold: Today's electromechanical engineers are generally developed from the three majors of water supply and drainage, HVAC, and electrical. Therefore, if you want to be an electromechanical engineer, you should at least graduate from these three majors, or have connections with these three majors. At least 1 year of relevant work experience. Salary of mechanical and electrical engineers: The salary space of mechanical and electrical engineers is slightly lower than that of structural engineers, but it is higher than that of talents in other mechanical and electrical industries with the same qualifications. The specific standards are as follows: ·The annual salary of assistant mechanical and electrical engineers is 30,000 yuan-40,000 yuan·The annual salary of mechanical and electrical engineers 40,000 yuan to 100,000 yuan·The annual salary of chief mechanical and electrical engineer is 100,000 yuan to 200,000 yuan·The annual salary of chief mechanical and electrical engineer is 200,000 yuan to 500,000 yuan 4. General drawing engineer General drawing is a type of professional in design institutes. Under normal circumstances, it accounts for 10% of the total in industrial design institutes. A larger proportion belongs to pillar majors; a smaller proportion in civil design institutes belongs to minor majors or subordinate majors. There are also some civil design institutes that do not have a general drawing major and are replaced by planning and other majors. Job responsibilities: 1. Civil construction site design and drawing; 2. Design of general plan, vertical, road, and pipeline comprehensive plans for residential areas and comprehensive building groups; 3. Modify and improve the general plan according to the conditions of each major. Entry threshold: General plan engineer should major in transportation general plan, which belongs to the category of civil engineering. Only Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology has this major in the country, and it is located in the School of Civil Engineering. Every year, the supply of graduates exceeds the demand. When this professional field cannot meet the demand, some professionals in landscape planning, environmental art, architecture, civil engineering and other majors have switched to professional general plan design. About 50% of general plan engineers come from these related majors. The workload of the master plan engineer is generally not large. The job of a project is to draw a master plan, but his responsibility is relatively heavy. Generally speaking, those without more than 3 years of relevant work experience are unable to independently undertake design tasks.

Salary of general drawing engineer: General drawing engineer is a rare profession. Although the profession is similar to civil engineering, the salary space is slightly higher than that of structural engineer. The specific standards are as follows: ·Assistant chief drawing engineer's annual salary is 35,000 yuan-60,000 yuan·General drawing engineer's annual salary is 60,000 yuan Yuan - 150,000 yuan · Annual salary of chief general drawing engineer 150,000 yuan - 400,000 yuan 5. Landscape designer Landscape architect is a professional designer who uses professional knowledge and skills to engage in landscape planning and design, landscaping planning and construction, and outdoor space environment creation. personnel. As the living standards of our people continue to improve, our country's urban construction and environmental construction are advancing at an unprecedented speed, and a landscape design boom has occurred across the country. Following the footsteps of reform and opening up, landscape construction has become an important part of urban construction. Landscape architects are in increasing demand day by day. At present, there are tens of thousands of designers engaged in landscape design work, mainly distributed in major cities in my country, especially Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Tianjin and Chongqing. The work field of landscape designers involves many elements of environmental landscape construction, which requires practitioners to have good working qualities. Its major and core is landscape and landscape architecture planning and design, and its related majors and knowledge include urban planning, ecology, environmental art, architecture, garden engineering, botany, etc. Job responsibilities: (1) Landscape planning and design; (2) Landscaping planning and construction; (3) Outdoor space environment creation; (4) Landscape resource protection. Entry threshold: my country's urban construction is in the ascendant, the living standards of people across the country have improved, and the pursuit of quality of life has greatly promoted the vigorous development of landscape construction. Numerous employment opportunities have provided a good development platform for the landscape design industry. The basic role and goal of the establishment of the landscape architect profession is to use professional theoretical knowledge and skills such as urban planning, landscaping, and environmental design to protect and utilize natural and cultural landscape resources; to create a beautiful and pleasant living environment; and to organize and arrange well recreational environment. This not only has positive practical significance for the healthy development of my country's environmental landscape, but also has far-reaching historical significance. Abroad, landscape construction has become an important part of urban public living space, and landscape design has become a part of human settlement environment science. It has formed a series of complete professional systems such as education, registration, training, practice and continuing education. It has also gathered a broad social foundation and outstanding leading talents, and established social management systems such as industry associations, becoming a powerful pillar of social division of labor. Our country has also seen the gap in this regard, starting with higher education and focusing on improvement and development. The landscape majors in universities are getting stronger and stronger, and the number of landscape major graduates has also been on the rise in recent years. Therefore, when there is a shortage of talents in this major, there are many cases where talents majoring in planning, environmental art, and even architecture change careers and become landscape designers, forming a relatively messy talent market. Salary: The salary of landscape planners is at the forefront of design institutes (offices). In principle, it ranks after the architecture major and before other majors. However, because landscape planners are relatively scarce positions and the number of units is relatively small, the salary The salary is the same as that of talents majoring in architecture, or even slightly higher than that of talents majoring in architecture. Under normal circumstances, the annual salary of an assistant landscape planner within 3 years of graduation is 40,000-100,000 yuan, and the annual salary of a landscape planner about 5 years after graduation can reach 100,000-150,000 yuan. A director of landscape planning with certain qualifications The annual salary of a teacher is more than 200,000 yuan, and the highest can reach 400,000 yuan. 6. Geotechnical Engineer Geotechnical Engineer is a type of structural engineer, but his profession is relatively specialized and requires a broad knowledge base. He must have a foundation in geology and mechanics; he must also have the necessary theoretical qualities. , and must have the ability to solve engineering problems; be able to both survey and design. The work scope of geotechnical engineers can be divided into two parts: one is in consulting companies, which are the enterprises that geotechnical engineers mainly serve. Surveying, testing, design, inspection, monitoring, etc. are all related to data, demonstration, and decision-making, and are knowledge-intensive. Personal knowledge and abilities play a decisive role in the effect of the project; the other is in the engineering company, responsible for geotechnical engineering. implementation. However, the responsibility system of geotechnical engineering will undergo great changes in the future. From the current collective responsibility and standard responsibility to the individual responsibility of registered engineers, geotechnical engineers will also have great responsibilities. Once an accident occurs, you not only have to bear legal responsibility and make financial compensation, but it will also have a great impact on your continued practice in the future.

Job Responsibilities: 1. Responsible for geological survey and other related work, including laying out geological survey sites, organizing and managing geological survey reports, etc.; 2. Proposing feasible, economical and rapid treatment plans for adverse geological conditions; 3. Able to independently complete deep foundation pit excavation , slope support, retaining walls, etc. Entry threshold: Geotechnical engineers are generally geotechnical majors with a bachelor's degree and have been engaged in survey and design work for more than 3 years before they can basically complete survey and design tasks independently. There are also some geotechnical engineers who are not from geotechnical majors, but are also majors related to structures, such as civil engineering, construction engineering, etc. Geotechnical engineers from these related majors are slower to enter the industry and have less room for development, but they are still competent. Basic geotechnical engineer work. Salary: A geotechnical engineer works in a survey unit, and his interests are tied to drilling, etc. His activities are restricted by the survey unit, but his income is still considerable. Generally speaking, geotechnical engineers who have graduated for more than three years can earn an annual income of RMB 80,000-100,000. Geotechnical engineers with longer working years can earn even higher, up to RMB 300,000. 7. Managers More than ten years ago, the architectural design market was still a monopoly. Design tasks were basically completed by state-owned design institutes, and there was almost no market competition. With the continuous improvement of marketization and the gradual marketization and standardization of architectural design institutes (offices), market competition has become increasingly fierce. In the past, there were fewer and fewer technical personnel in design institutes who also worked as managers. In design institutes and design companies, a more professional position has emerged - managers. Their main job is management, and they specialize in marketing and sales. Job responsibilities: 1. Negotiation, signing, review and management of design contracts; 2. Establishing a customer service system, tracking design quality, and performing customer maintenance; 3. Business work in design bidding; 4. Exploring customer markets and expanding business scope ; 5. Establishment and implementation of market and customer analysis systems (.) Entry threshold: The operating personnel of design institutes (offices) are generally divided into two categories: one is assistant and supervisor-level operating personnel, who have lower positions. Responsible for contract negotiation management, customer information management, business report management, internal and external contact, etc. The professional requirements are not high, and both management and technical majors are qualified. The other type is manager and director-level operating personnel. These personnel hold higher positions and are responsible for high-end work such as negotiating with owners, promoting the company's design concepts, developing and maintaining customer relationships, etc. Under the current market conditions, most of these high-level personnel have professional backgrounds and are professional technicians with weaker professional abilities but stronger communication skills. In the future, architects, structural engineers, and electromechanical engineers who are committed to the development of business management may embark on this career development path. Salary: The income of operating personnel is the same as the classification of personnel, and can be divided into two types: one is the fixed income method, which is generally applicable to personnel at the level of operating assistants and operating supervisors. Their income is basically fixed and is determined based on their qualifications and contributions. The salary range is similar to that of equivalent positions in other industries. A general operating assistant earns 30,000-40,000 yuan per year, and an operating supervisor earns 40,000-80,000 yuan per year. The other is an income method linked to the performance of the unit, which is suitable for positions such as operating managers, operating directors, and vice presidents of operations. The income amount is closely related to the unit's operating income of the year, and the range varies greatly. Generally, the annual income is between 200,000 and 200,000. 500,000, and as high as 1 million. Therefore, some architects, structural engineers and mechanical and electrical engineers have set their sights on the management position, which has become a development direction for professional and technical personnel. 8. Draftsman Draftsman is the most basic technical position in architectural design enterprises. It is divided into architectural majors, structural majors, mechanical and electrical majors, etc., and is responsible for the most basic drawing work of design institutes (companies). Job Responsibilities: 1. Draw CAD horizontal, vertical, section and node drawings; 2. Responsible for drawing horizontal and vertical color drawings; 3. Responsible for basic three-dimensional computer model drawing; 4. Perform technical calculations such as sunlight and stress. . Entry threshold: Generally speaking, graduates with a college degree or above, civil engineering, water supply and drainage, HVAC or electrical and other related majors are likely to become draftsmen. Becoming a draftsman is the dream of these professional graduates, because they do not have to go to construction sites with difficult conditions to direct construction, and do not have to deal with workers all day long. Instead, they can draw pictures in an office building with air-conditioning or heating, and have the opportunity to develop. Become an architect, structural engineer or electromechanical engineer. However, design institutes are relatively strict in the selection of draftsmen. Generally speaking, design institutes like to accept draftsmen with certain drafting experience to save time and energy in training.

If you want to accept graduates, you must be proficient in CAD, be able to use AutoCAD to build three-dimensional models, and have a certain ability to draw design drafts, so that you can enter the design institute's sight. Salary: The salary of draftsmen is mainly related to the working years. Because the main subjects are those with technical secondary school and college degrees, the income level is not high. Generally speaking, draftsmen can be divided into three levels: those who have worked for less than 3 years are junior draftsmen; those who have worked for 3-8 years are intermediate draftsmen; those who have worked for more than 8 years are senior draftsmen. The income standards of these three types of draftsmen are as follows: Junior draftsmen have an annual income of 20,000-30,000 yuan; Intermediate draftsmen have an annual income of 30,000-40,000 yuan; Senior draftsmen have an annual income of 40,000-80,000 yuan. Draftsmanship is a lifelong career. You can definitely be promoted to a designer, but you can be a draftsman for the rest of your life. Some more experienced draftsmen will become experts and experts in a certain sub-item of drafting.