10 The number of applicants has increased by 66 times. Why is teaching exams so "hot"? ?

Teachers have always been a hot profession. To become a teacher, obtaining a teacher qualification certificate is the basic condition. Recently, the topic of "capital fever" has once again attracted attention. According to the latest data released by the Ministry of Education, the total number of full-time teachers in China has increased from14.629 million in 2065,438+02 to18.444 million in 2023, an increase of 26%. At the same time, the number of applicants for the teacher qualification examination jumped from the initial172,000 to114.42 million in 2023, and the number of applicants increased by 66 times from 10.

■ "The teacher qualification examination is not difficult. What is difficult is how to successfully' go ashore' under fierce competition after the test. " He Fu, a teacher-training graduate, told reporters that in recent years, with the rising of "teaching capital fever" and "teacher fever", more and more people choose to apply for teacher qualification certificates and want to squeeze into the teaching industry, which has also led to fierce competition among teachers, and the entry threshold of some primary and secondary school teachers has even been continuously improved. "It is not uncommon for some doctors and masters who graduated from prestigious schools to flood into primary and secondary schools and become competitors. In some places, there is even a phenomenon of' hard to find a job'.

■ In this regard, Xiong Bingqi, president of the 2 1 Century Education Research Institute, said that the "teaching fund fever" and "teacher fever" have indeed improved the overall quality of the teaching staff and the talent construction of the teaching staff, but they also reflected some shortcomings in the current society in terms of employment diversification and stimulating social innovation vitality.

■ "But from the perspective of diversified employment, more and more young people are pursuing' stability', which is a choice limited by the current employment situation." Xiong Bingqi said so.

The number of applicants for teacher qualification certificate exceeded 10 million.

Among them, 8 million applicants are non-normal students.

In April this year, the Ministry of Education and other departments jointly issued the "Plan for the Construction of Teachers in Basic Education in the New Era", which once again clearly and strictly controlled the entry of teachers and comprehensively pushed forward the reform of the qualification examination for primary and secondary school teachers and the regular registration system. It is emphasized that teachers must obtain corresponding teacher qualifications and hold teacher qualification certificates before they can engage in teaching work.

At the beginning of September, 3 1 provinces nationwide started the registration for the qualification examination for primary and secondary school teachers in the second half of 2022, and the written examination will be held on1October 29th 10. According to the latest data released by the Ministry of Education on September 6th, the number of applicants for the teacher qualification examination in China has jumped from the initial 6,543.8+0.72 million to 6,543.8+0,654.38+0.442 million in 2023, including 8 million non-normal students.

"The teacher qualification certificate is the ticket for everyone to go to the post of teacher." Feng Yuan, who just graduated with a master's degree, told reporters that her undergraduate major was Japanese, and her graduate students chose Chinese international education. During the internship, after gradually falling in love with the feeling of teaching and educating people, she hopes to become a middle school Chinese teacher and apply for the teacher qualification certificate. Another non-normal graduate student told reporters that he also applied for the teacher qualification certificate this year, but not to be a teacher. "I want to take an examination of civil servants first, and I will be a teacher if I fail. Now applying for the teacher qualification certificate is only an early employment candidate. "

In this regard, Wang Ya, a teacher at the Employment Guidance Office of a domestic university, said it was not surprising. She told reporters that as far as she knows, many college students have a tendency to seek stability when choosing jobs. It is the first choice for most people to take an examination of civil servants and become a teacher in the establishment.

In addition, Wang Ya also said that in addition to the impact of the employment environment, the relevant systems of the teacher industry have also changed, which is also an important reason for the increasing number of applicants. According to Wang Ya, before the lifelong teacher qualification system was implemented in China, normal students could obtain the teacher qualification certificate without examination. However, after the reform of 20 15, both normal students and non-normal students are required to pass the national unified examination, and their Putonghua scores must meet certain requirements before they can apply for the teacher qualification certificate.

Relevant data show that in 20 16, the total number of applicants for the national teacher qualification examination was 2.6 million, reaching 4 10/00000 in 20 17, climbing to 9 million in 20 19, and directly breaking through the10000 mark in 2023, with the number approaching.

Competition intensified after the surge in the number of people

The recruitment ratio of teachers in many cities is 29: 1.

Does getting the admission ticket for the teaching post mean that the teaching post is "sit back and relax"? Many interviewees gave negative answers to reporters. He Fu told reporters that with the gradual improvement of teachers' social status and professional security, most people who have obtained teacher qualification certificates gradually tend to prepare for the examination, but with the increase of the number of applicants, the difficulty of preparing for the examination is also increasing. In many first-tier cities in China, the entry threshold for primary and secondary school teachers has been raised invisibly, and it is not uncommon for doctors and masters who graduated from prestigious schools to rush into primary and secondary schools.

It is understood that a middle school in Zhengzhou recently announced the announcement of the teacher's entry. As mentioned above, the eight teachers admitted are all graduates of 985 key universities. The graduates with the lowest academic qualifications are the undergraduate students from the Department of Mathematics of Tsinghua University, and the rest are non-normal graduate students.

In addition, the reporter also noted that in the latest data released by the Ministry of Education, the total number of full-time teachers in China has increased from 654.38+04.629 million in 2065.438+02 to 654.38+08.444 million in 2023, an increase of 26%. The quality of teachers at all levels and types has been continuously improved, and the structure has been continuously optimized. The primary school teachers' bachelor degree or above has increased from 32.6% to 70.3%, the "double-qualified" teachers in vocational education have exceeded 50%, the number of graduate tutors in colleges and universities has increased from 229,000 to 424,000, and the number of doctoral tutors has increased from 69,000 to132,000.

According to the Shenzhen Evening News, in May, 2022, Shenzhen recruited 8 17 teachers, and 2,3601person registered, and about 29 people competed for a position, with an average admission rate of 3.5%. In August 2023, the city recruited teachers 1028, with a total of 30,202 applicants, and about 29 people competed for a position, with an average admission ratio of about 3.4%. According to the data released by Zhonggong Education, in May 2022, a total of 25,345 people competed for 878 teacher positions in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, with an average recruitment ratio of 29: 1.

"The competition is fierce, and there are still many people signing up for' grabbing' every year." He Fu said that although the enrollment ratio in many cities is either 365,438+0: 65,438+0 or 29: 65,438+0, there are still many people competing to apply. "Some people even spend a lot of money to enroll in training institutions."

Zhang Yu, a trainer of an educational institution, told the reporter that his educational institution did offer courses for preparing for exams. Every year, dozens of people come to register for training, and 70% of the students are between the ages of 25 and 30. "Many people who sign up for classes are contract teachers in primary and secondary schools or teachers in educational institutions. They all want to take exams and seek more stable jobs. " Zhang Yu said.

A major/family/viewpoint/viewpoint

On employment diversification and stimulating innovation vitality

Have some shortcomings.

"Teacher fever" swept across the country, but behind the upsurge of "teaching capital fever", do candidates love the profession of teachers or "follow the crowd"? Some people say that he is a teacher for the development of education, others say that she just wants to find a decent job, and others say that he just has no plans for the future, and being a teacher is only a transitional stage.

Therefore, in the face of the "funding fever" phenomenon of the enrollment ratio of 29: 1, Xiong Bingqi, president of the 20th Century Education Research Institute, said that the phenomenon of the surge in the number of applicants for teacher qualification certificates should be treated rationally. "The enthusiasm for teaching resources is different from the enthusiasm for teaching. Obtaining a teacher qualification certificate does not mean that you will be engaged in the teaching profession in the future. " Xiong Bingqi told reporters that many college students signed up for the teacher qualification examination with the mentality of "one more choice, one more way", and they may not plan to apply for the teacher qualification examination after getting the qualification certificate.

Xiong Bingqi said that although many people choose to apply for teachers, there are still many problems in the recruitment of teachers and the construction of teachers, such as the imbalance between developed cities and remote mountainous areas, and the imbalance between men and women. "All these reflect that there is still a long way to go to build the teaching profession into the most enviable profession."

In addition, Xiong Bingqi also said that judging from more and more people applying for teacher qualification certificates and taking up teaching posts, it is indeed a good thing to improve the overall quality of teachers and the talent construction of teachers. "But from the perspective of diversified employment, more and more young people are pursuing' stability', which is a choice limited by the current employment situation." Xiong Bingqi said that although candidates have different reasons to apply for the exam, the phenomenon of "teaching capital fever" also reflects the increasing popularity of teachers' posts to some extent, which is related to the improvement of teachers' salaries and benefits in recent years. In addition, due to the pressure of employment competition and the instability of individual entrepreneurship and employment in private enterprises, many graduates or job seekers have some disadvantages in order to have a relatively stable income, from the perspective of employment diversity and stimulating social innovation vitality.

Chu Zhaohui, a researcher at China Academy of Educational Sciences, told reporters that the increase in the number of applicants for teacher qualification certificates is closely related to the economic situation and employment situation. "Throughout history, when the economy develops rapidly, the number of people engaged in the teaching profession tends to decline; When the economic growth slows down, the advantages of teachers' professional stability will emerge. "

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