What was the important position of Xie Tongqing's money house in ancient times?

1856 During the Xianfeng period, Pingyao South Street was completed with a total length of 690 meters, which was not only the center of Pingyao County, but also the most prosperous commercial center of Pingyao County at that time.

At that time, Pingyao County had developed into a commercial center consisting of South Street, North Street, East Street, West Street and Chenghuangmiao Street. There has always been a saying that "four streets, eight small streets and seventy-two dragon lanes", and South Street is one of the four streets.

In the heyday of commerce in the Qing Dynasty, shops on South Street almost covered all kinds of industries, including rich shops, pawn shops, grain shops, wood shops, warehouse hotels, linen shops, paint shops, tobacco, shoes and hats, etc. At one time, South Street was very popular both inside and outside the government.

Later, as the central axis, Pingyao South Street was developed and constructed according to the pattern of "Zuowenmiao, Youwumiao, Zuochenghuang and Youxianya", so it can also be said that South Street is the backbone of Pingyao.

With the introduction of western culture into China, some shops in South Street have changed into foreign-style facades, but most of them still retain the original traditional architectural structure.

The former sites of famous shops in history, such as Xie Tongqing Qianzhuang, Baichuan Tongpiao, and Changsheng Garden, an old brand of yellow wine, still stand quietly on both sides of the street. The owners of these stores are strong in business wars. They are famous for their extraordinary achievements in the world, and they are passed down from generation to generation as the ode of Shanxi merchants.

Xie Tongqing Qianzhuang, located in the west of Pingyao South Street, was founded in 1856. It is a big money house invested by Wang Xing of Yuci and Heping surname of Yao Mi. The initial capital is 36,000 taels of silver, 3000 taels per share, accounting for 12 shares. The medium-term capital was1.2000 Liang, and then increased to 242000 Liang. At the same time, there are more than 400 thousand and two thousand provident funds.

Xie Tongqing Qianzhuang covers an area of about 3,000 square meters and has 33 semicolons, which are spread all over the country and commercial ports. Xie Tongqing's bank business has distinct characteristics and has always adhered to three principles: first, people-oriented, knowing people and being good at their duties; Second, pay attention to the flexible allocation of funds; The third is to highlight key regional operations.

Xie Tongqing Qianzhuang is the largest qianzhuang courtyard in Pingyao, and its architecture is also an outstanding example among many shops in Pingyao. There are seven self-contained but interrelated courtyards before and after. The grandeur, scale, luxury and complete functions of the building were exemplary in Pingyao's shops and courtyards at that time.

In the first yard of the bank, there are two offices, North and South. The financial office is an important place for bank accounting management, which mainly completes the accounting tasks of all financial accounts, undertakes the annual accounting period and the four-year accounting period, and finally pays dividends.

Specifically, it is the function of the bank to convert the income cost of copper coins, broken silver, miscellaneous silver and whole silver into the difference income of various currencies, and carry out deposits, loans, deposit interest expenses, loan interest income, deposit spread income and currency discount amount.

Erjin compound is a business hall compound, and the staff in the business room mainly operate as brokers. There are also customers who come to negotiate business, mainly responsible for absorbing the deposits of street firms and large households, investigating the real economic business of lenders, and providing basis for bank lending decisions.

The personnel in the business office have an important right to evaluate whether to lend money, whether to put it in the long or short term, and how much to lend. For example, what kind of interest is charged for loans is generally proposed by the staff in the business room.

In the old society, the interest of money houses can be divided into four types, one is full of family; The second is short-term interests; Third, it is conducive to the month; Fourth, long-term benefits.

For example, according to the opinions of business personnel and with the consent of customers, the year is divided into four bidding periods by using the method of full interest calculation, and the interest rate is announced according to the bidding, and summer bidding is started according to spring bidding, autumn bidding is started in summer bidding, winter bidding is started in autumn bidding, and the full interest rate is determined in turn.

This kind of interest rate actually has a market-oriented interest rate level, which is a fair interest rate formed by Shanxi businessmen in order to adapt to the market economy. At that time, it was very rare for Shanxi merchants to flexibly use interest rate leverage to adjust their deposit business according to market changes.

In the north courtyard of the quadrangle of Xie Tongqing Qianzhuang, some historical events from establishment to development to peak are displayed in the form of background wall.

Passing through the second courtyard, you can directly reach the third courtyard of the bank until the third courtyard, and you can witness the "three-in-one-courtyard hall" style building used by local houses in Pingyao.

As the location of the building, according to the tradition of our country, the Third Hospital should be the place where the elders or owners live or work, which is also the place where the bank treasurer, assistant manager and assistant manager handle affairs.

There has never been a high-ranking figure like Xie Tongqing in Pingyao and even in major firms across the country. The seven shopkeepers are divided into two generations, but they have always maintained a high degree of unity and harmony. They complement each other and help each other, and many descendants are married.

The reason why Xie Tongqing's money house has such a situation is that since its opening, shopkeepers have paid attention to creating and forming the unique cultural atmosphere and environment of the money house, which has been passed down from generation to generation.

This shopkeeper is called Meng, who used to be a group friend of the Queen Mother Wei's big bank, and another shopkeeper is called Meng, who is older than him. Among the recruited group friends, they give full play to their talents and know how to make good use of them, so that the group friends can exert their greatest potential and maximize their cohesion.

Li Hongling, a famous reformer in Pingyao, once spoke highly of the successful case of Xietongqing Qianzhuang. He said, "There is only one winner, and the only one is Xie Tong Qingye". Xie Tongqing's unique skill of employing people has important guiding significance for future generations.

From the side door, you can go through the fourth courtyard of Xietongqing Qianzhuang. The pavilions here, built across the bridge, are unique in style, just like a garden, unique in shops and courtyards, and are the temporary places where Xie Tongqing's bankers live when they return home. The discussion hall is simple and elegant, and the strategy and purpose of the whole number are summarized on the wall.

Passing through the fourth courtyard is the fifth courtyard, which is the vault courtyard of the bank. In the heyday of Xie Tongqing's money house, it was made at sunrise, and the money came in and out, and the flow of money was huge. So it took a lot of brains to set up the vault. Because of the safety, concealment and transportation of the vault, we have to choose underground as the vault of the bank.

There is a winding kiln road leading to the front cabinet of the vault, and there are two gates leading to the back street as access. The vault is also guarded by specialized personnel and covered with barbed wire, which means that "one person guards it and ten thousand people cannot attack it".

Out of the vault compound, we came to the guard's courtyard in Liu Jinyuan. With such a large bank, security work is naturally the top priority.

If the society is in turmoil and the credit crisis is serious, banks have to hire some people with high martial arts to visit Zhuang nursing homes, sometimes for decades. Therefore, the Sixth Hospital has basically become an important venue for guards to practice their legs and feet in the morning and evening.

It is worth mentioning that in Xie Tongqing's money house, almost everyone, from shopkeepers to friends, will do one or two things, not only self-defense, but also exercise.

The guard courtyard that passes through the Sixth Hospital is Daguan Courtyard, which is the seventh courtyard of Xie Tongqing Bankhouse. In this yard, there is a coin exhibition hall specially set up to popularize the knowledge of coins. Small coins of past dynasties, like a mirror of history, can enlighten people as well as people.

Xie Tongqing Qianzhuang Huitong Tianxia Paibian