China animal husbandry and veterinary examination questions and answers.

Some problems and standard answers of animal husbandry and veterinary medicine

First, the noun explanation:

1, disease 2, thrombosis

3, atrophy 4, degeneration

5, steatosis 6, necrosis

7. Compensation 8. Tumors

9, stress 10, hypoxia

1 1, fever 12, shock

13, dehydrated 14, areca nut liver

15, tiger spot heart

Second, multiple choice questions

1, the law of * * in the process of disease development is:

The process of struggle between destruction and anti-destruction

B biological substitution process

The process in which pathogenic factors act on the body.

2, the general disease process, determine the development of the disease is:

Comparative relationship between damage and anti-damage

External pathogenic factors

C. Internal factors of organism

3, about the concept of disease, which of the following is correct:

People's livelihood needs the interaction of internal and external factors.

B. the "homeostasis" of the body is destroyed.

C disease means that you don't feel well.

4, accompanied by the following dehydration, blood viscosity, increased plasma osmotic pressure, cell atrophy due to dehydration, thirst, less urine and high urine specific gravity belong to:

hypertonic dehydration

Hypoosmotic dehydration

Mixed dehydration

5. When the body is damaged by pathogenic factors and has a tendency of exudative bleeding all over the body, it is called:

Hemorrhagic infiltration

Hemorrhage quality

cachexia

6. The substance in the body is acting as a barrier, and vacuoles of different sizes appear in the cells, and the nucleus is pushed aside:

steatosis

Particle denaturation

Vesicular degeneration

7, due to the decrease of red blood cells and hemoglobin or hemoglobin denaturation, resulting in the decline of oxygen carrying capacity caused by hypoxia belongs to:

Hypoxia of circulatory system

Isoosmotic hypoxia

Hypoosmotic hypoxia

8. The main characteristics of salt-deficient dehydration are:

A the affected animals have less urine and the proportion of urine increases.

B adversity and * * * livestock have more urine, and the proportion of urine decreases.

Increased plasma osmotic pressure

9. The main reasons for hypoxia in circulatory system are:

A. the partial pressure of oxygen in the inhaled air decreases.

Hemoglobin b denaturation

Respiratory diseases in the body

10, acute inflammation, inflammatory cells oozing from blood vessels mainly include:

eosinophilic granulocyte

neutrophil

basophil

1 1, necrotic lesions, moist, dusty or black, infected by spoilage bacteria, with serious odor and no obvious boundary between healthy tissues are:

Dry gangrene

wet gangrene

Liquefied gangrene

12, the causes of sexual atrophy are:

Organs and tissues are mechanically compressed.

B limbs can't move for a long time

Lose innervation

13, tissue, cell injury or death, four cell division and proliferation repair belong to:

rebuild

metaplasia

C regeneration

14, metamorphic inflammation mainly occurs in:

Parenchymal organ

B mucosal tissue

lymphatic tissue

15, edema is divided into:

cardiac edema

pneumonedema

toxic edema

Third, short answer questions:

1, pathological changes when tissues and organs atrophy?

2. What are the conditions for primary healing?

3. How did the tumor grow and spread?

4. What is the difference between benign tumor and malignant tumor?

5. What are the types of stressors?

6. What is the mechanism of aplastic anemia?

7. What is the heating process and heat type?

8. Pathological changes of acute hemorrhagic lymphadenitis?

Fourth, narrative topic: township institutional reform (recruitment of public institutions) and public leadership professional examination question bank 052788598426 (can receive short messages)

More questions and answers /natesc email natesc@ 163.com

1, the characteristics of cellulose pneumonia?

2. What are the main causes of hypertonic and hypotonic dehydration?

3. What is the mechanism of fever?

4. What is the significance of autopsy?

5. Precautions for autopsy?

6. Autopsy, how to describe the pathological changes of organs?

First, the noun explanation:

1. disease: it is a complex struggle process between injury and anti-injury caused by the interaction between the body and pathogenic factors, which is manifested as an obstacle to life activities.

2. Thrombosis: Local blood condenses in the living heart or blood vessel cavity and adheres to the blood vessel wall. This process is called blood test formation, and the solid substance formed is called thrombus.

3. Atrophy: refers to the normal size of organs and tissues, which are reduced in size, quantity and function and weakened in metabolism due to pathogenic factors.

4. Degeneration: the metabolism of substances in the body is disordered, and all kinds of extraordinary substances or excessive accumulation of original substances appear in cells or intercellular substance, which makes the morphological structure of cells abnormal.

5. Fatty degeneration: Under normal circumstances, there are no fat droplets in other cells except fat cells, but fat droplets of different sizes appear in the cytoplasm of fat cells, which is called fatty degeneration.

6. Necrosis: In living body, pathological death of local tissues and cells is called necrosis.

7. Compensation: When the morphological structure of some organs and tissues is damaged or dysfunctional, other tissues and organs in the body strengthen their functions to adapt to new conditions. This phenomenon is called compensation.

8. Tumors: Under the action of various pathogenic factors, the body proliferates abnormally, forming a new body, often manifested as the formation of local masses.

9. Stress: It is a series of neuroendocrine reactions when the body is strongly stimulated and in a "tense state", causing various functional and metabolic changes.

10. Hypoxia: insufficient oxygen supply to tissues, organs and cells, or inability to use oxygen due to disorder of oxidation process, which leads to disorder of respiration, circulation and substance metabolism.

1 1. fever: after the body is stimulated by pyrogen, the temperature set point in the anterior part of the hypothalamus moves up, which leads to an increase in heat production and a decrease in heat dissipation, thus showing a pathological process of rising body temperature.

12, shock: it is a systemic pathological process that the body is stimulated by strong etiology, which makes the circulatory perfusion of tissues and organs drop sharply, leading to hypoxia and metabolic disorder of tissues and cells.

13. Dehydration: the decrease of body fluids caused by excessive water loss or insufficient intake is called dehydration.

14, areca nut liver: When the liver is congested, the cut surface is different in color, and the red edge in the middle and yellow form red and yellow stripes, which seems to be called areca nut cut surface.

15. Tiger-spotted heart: When the heart has fatty degeneration, gray-yellow stripes or spots can be seen, which are distributed between the myocardium with normal color, and the appearance is yellow-red tiger skin-like stripes.

16, multiple choice questions:

1、C 2、A 3、A 4、A 5、B6、A 7、A 8A 9、B 10、A 1 1、B 12、B 13、C 14、A 15、B

17, short answer:

A) Pathological changes of atrophy of tissues and organs?

Answer: The eyes maintain the inherent morphology of organs and tissues, with reduced volume, dense cytoplasm, deep staining, dense nucleus, smaller muscle fibers and inconspicuous transverse stripes.

B) What are the first stage healing conditions?

Answer: The wound is small and tidy, with few tissue defects, less bleeding, no bacterial infection and closed wound surface.

C) What is the growth and diffusion mode of biliary tract tumor?

A: 1. Growth: (1). Inflated growth. (2) Infiltrating growth. (3) Exogenous growth.

2. Diffusion: (1), direct diffusion. (2) transfer.

D) What's the difference between benign tumor and malignant tumor?

A: Usually, it is based on the comprehensive judgment of tumor cell morphology, growth mode, rapid growth, metastasis and diffusion, tumor cell morphology and its influence on the body.

E) What are the types of stressors?

Answer: 1. External environmental factors: such as temperature change, radiation, strong light, noise, lack of oxygen, trauma, poisoning, infection, etc.

2. Internal environment factors: Internal environment imbalance is also an important stressor, such as changes in blood composition, low heart function, arrhythmia and organ dysfunction.

F) The mechanism of aplastic anemia?

Answer: (1), bone marrow microenvironment disorder causes blood supply disorder for some reasons, which is not conducive to the generation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells and can lead to bone marrow hematopoietic dysfunction.

(2) Injury of blood stem cells, such as chemical poisoning and infection, can cause hematopoietic dysfunction of bone marrow.

(3) Dysregulation of Erythropoiesis Decreased erythropoietin can affect the differentiation of stem cells, the proliferation and maturation of red blood cells, and lead to anemia.

G) What is the process and type of fever?

A: 1. In the process of development, it will go through the following periods, namely

(1), temperature rising period (2), high fever period (3), fever reducing period.

2. Thermal type (1), retention heat (2), relaxation heat (3) and regression heat.

H) Pathological changes of acute hemorrhagic lymphadenitis?

A: Lymph nodes are swollen, with dark red or dark red section, moist, protruding, diffuse dark red and marble-like pattern.

18. Describe the reform of township institutions (recruitment of public institutions) and the examination question bank of publicly elected leaders' major 052788598426 (which can receive short messages).

More questions and answers /natesc email natesc@ 163.com

A) Describe the characteristics of fibropneumonia?

Answer: The main manifestation is the exudation of cellulose from alveoli. It is different from other inflammation. Because there are four obvious stages in the development process, namely, congestion stage, red liver degeneration stage, gray liver degeneration stage and dissipation stage, the pathological changes in each stage are different.

B) What are the main causes of hypertonic and hypotonic dehydration?

Answer: (1) Causes of hypertonic dehydration:

1. Insufficient drinking water, insufficient drinking water, lack of water source, various diseases (such as tetanus) accompanied by dysphagia, and loss of water dispenser (such as coma) can all cause dehydration due to insufficient drinking water.

Two. Excessive dehydration and sweating (such as heatstroke and colic). ) and excessive urination (such as taking diuretics, etc. ) will cause dehydration due to excessive loss of body fluids.

(2) Causes of low osmotic dehydration:

A, only after losing a lot of body fluids, such as diarrhea, vomiting, extensive burns or sweating, and finally only adding water without salt can cause hypotonic dehydration.

B, excessive renal sodium excretion, such as renal insufficiency, adrenal cortex dysfunction, ketoacidosis, etc. Because the reabsorption of sodium by renal tubules decreases and excretion increases, hypotonic dehydration can occur.

C) the mechanism of fever?

Answer: When the heating element is used to adjust the point, the temperature adjustment point moves up. The impulse of temperature-sensitive nucleus decreases, and the center transmits information to the vascular movement center, which reaches the effector through sympathetic nerve. Skin blood vessels contract, sweat glands stop sweating, heat dissipation decreases, information reaches trembling center, muscles tremble, metabolism strengthens, heat production increases, and heat production is greater than heat dissipation, leading to an increase in body temperature.

D) Describe the significance of autopsy?

A: Through autopsy, we can diagnose and study diseases. Through autopsy, we can make a more accurate diagnosis of various diseases, find out the cause and cause of death, and make suggestions on whether the body can be eaten or not. On the other hand, it can help us understand the relationship between clinical function changes and morphological changes, and help us explore the law of disease occurrence, development and prognosis.

E) Describe the matters needing attention in autopsy?

A: (1) Autopsy should be conducted immediately after the animal dies. Because the time is too long, the body is prone to corruption, thus losing the significance of autopsy.

(2) Vehicles and ropes carrying corpses of infectious diseases should be thoroughly disinfected to prevent the spread of pathogens.

(3) Autopsy personnel should pay attention to protect their own health and do a good job in safety protection.

4, autopsy address, to stay away from, houses, herds, roads, water, high and dry autopsy, to prevent the spread of pathogens.

F) How to describe the pathological changes of organs at autopsy?

A: (1) Describe the volume: Measure the volume of the organ with a ruler, and describe the size and shape of the lesion with real objects.

(2) Describe the color of the lesion: When using mixed color, it should be divided into main color and secondary color, generally the secondary color is in front and the main color is behind.

(3) Description of hardness: described as hard, solid, brittle and soft.

(4) Description of elasticity: rubber samples, dough samples, etc.

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