What do you know about new energy vehicles?

What do you know about new energy vehicles?

New energy vehicles in a broad sense, also known as alternative fuel vehicles, include pure electric vehicles, fuel cell electric vehicles and other vehicles that all use non-petroleum fuels, as well as hybrid vehicles, ethanol gasoline vehicles and other vehicles that use some non-petroleum fuels. All existing new energy vehicles are included in this concept and can be divided into six categories: hybrid vehicles, pure electric vehicles, fuel cell vehicles, alcohol ether fuel vehicles, natural gas vehicles and so on.

pure electric vehicle

Pure electric vehicle is a kind of vehicle that uses a single battery as the power source of energy storage. It uses the battery as the power source of energy storage, and provides electric energy to the motor through the battery to drive the motor to run, thus promoting the car to run. The rechargeable batteries of pure electric vehicles mainly include lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries and lithium-ion batteries, which can provide power for pure electric vehicles. At the same time, the pure electric vehicle also stores electric energy through the battery to drive the motor to run, so that the vehicle can run normally.

Hybrid electric vehicle

The main drive system of a hybrid electric vehicle consists of at least two single drive systems that can run at the same time. The driving power of hybrid electric vehicle mainly depends on the driving state of hybrid electric vehicle. The second type is provided by multiple drive systems.

fuel cell electric vehicle

Fuel cell electric vehicles, under the action of catalysts, fuel cell electric vehicles use hydrogen, methanol, natural gas, gasoline and so on. As a reactant, it reacts with oxygen in the air in the battery, so that electric energy can provide a power source for the vehicle. In essence, fuel cell electric vehicle is also a kind of electric vehicle, which has many similarities with electric vehicle in performance and design. They are divided into two categories because fuel cell electric vehicles convert hydrogen, methanol, natural gas and gasoline into electric energy through chemical reactions, while pure electric vehicles supplement electric energy through charging.

Hydrogen engine car

Hydrogen-powered vehicles mainly use hydrogen-powered fuel cells as fuel. Hydrogen-powered vehicles are the most environmentally friendly vehicles among new energy vehicles, which can achieve zero pollution and zero emission. However, the production cost of hydrogen-powered vehicles is too high, the cost of hydrogen-powered vehicles is 20% more than that of traditional fuel vehicles, and the battery cost of hydrogen-powered vehicles is very high, which is limited by storage and transportation conditions in actual production and is difficult to be applied in practice.

Extended range electric vehicle

Extended-range electric vehicles are similar to electric vehicles, which provide kinetic energy to the motor through the battery to drive the motor to run, thus promoting the vehicle to run. However, extended-range electric vehicles are equipped with gasoline or diesel engines in their bodies. When the battery of the extended-range electric vehicle is too low, the driver can use this engine to replenish the battery for the extended-range electric vehicle.

Methanol-fueled automobile

Cars that use methanol instead of petroleum fuel.

Pneumatic car

Compressed air-powered automobile, referred to as pneumatic automobile for short, uses high-pressure compressed air as power source to convert the pressure energy stored in compressed air into other forms of mechanical energy, thus driving the automobile. Theoretically, other gas-powered vehicles powered by endothermic expansion, such as liquid air and liquid nitrogen, should also belong to the category of pneumatic vehicles.

Flywheel energy storage vehicle

In the process of vehicle deceleration or braking deceleration, part of the kinetic energy or gravitational potential energy of the vehicle is converted into other forms of energy and stored in the high-speed flywheel for the vehicle to run. The flywheel is magnetically suspended and rotates at a high speed of 70,000 rpm. As an auxiliary in hybrid electric vehicle, it has the advantages of improving energy efficiency, light weight, high energy storage, fast energy input and output response, less maintenance and long service life, but the disadvantages are high cost and the steering of motor vehicle will be affected by flywheel gyro effect.

Supercapacitor car

Supercapacitor is a capacitor that uses the principle of electric double layer. Under the action of the electric field generated by the charges on the two plates of the supercapacitor, opposite charges are formed at the interface between the electrolyte and the electrode to balance the internal electric field of the electrolyte. This positive charge and negative charge are arranged in opposite positions on the interface between two different phases, and the gap between positive and negative charges is very short. This charge distribution layer is called an electric double layer, so the capacitance is very large.

The hybrid power supply composed of supercapacitor and battery can fully meet the energy demand of the vehicle when driving, and can buffer the impact of instantaneous high power on the energy storage system and prolong the service life of the battery. Moreover, the supercapacitor can instantly charge a large current, which can feed back energy more efficiently.