Pedagogy: the principle that must be observed in the process of moral education —— Tianjin Teacher Recruitment in 2020

Moral education aims at cultivating students' good moral quality, correct three views, good behavior habits and sound personality. Moral education is also an irreplaceable part of quality education, which plays the role of soul and commander-in-chief. The principle of moral education is put forward according to the law of educational purpose, moral education goal and moral education process, and it is the basic requirement that schools and teachers must follow in moral education work. It is also a key content of our teacher recruitment examination, which requires students to prepare for the exam in all questions. The common form of investigation is to combine examples to investigate. Here, I will lead you to review some moral principles of regular exams, hoping to help you prepare for the exam.

I. Guiding principles

Basic meaning: the guiding principle means that moral education should be ideal and directional, and guide students to develop in the right direction. Guiding principle is an important principle in the process of moral education, because students are in a critical period of rapid moral development, on the one hand, they are plastic; On the other hand, they lack social experience and recognition ability and are easily influenced by the outside world. Without correct guidance, their development is likely to deviate from the goal of moral education and the requirements of social development. Therefore, the study of moral education should adhere to the guiding principles and point out the direction for the healthy development of students' morality. The guiding principles here mainly emphasize the correct development direction for students' development, mainly referring to the correct political direction and the principles and policies put forward by the state.

Second, the principle of persuasion

1. Basic meaning: Persuasion principle means that moral education should focus on persuasion and persuasion, starting with improving students' understanding, mobilizing students' initiative and making them positive.

2. Requirements: (1) Explain the truth and guide the mind. (2) Make the best use of the situation and follow the crowd. (3) Give priority to praise and encouragement, and insist on positive education.

The principle of persuasion can improve students' moral awareness, communicate according to the situation, adhere to positive education, and educate students through encouragement and encouragement. The typical case is Tao Xingzhi's Three Candies. When Mr. Tao Xingzhi was the principal of a school, he saw the boy Wang You beating his classmates with mud, and immediately stopped him and asked him to go to the principal's office after school. After school, Wang You and others were preparing for training in the principal's office, but Tao Xingzhi took out a piece of candy and gave it to him. This is a reward for you, because you arrived here on time and I was late. ? Wang You took the candy in surprise. Later, Tao Xingzhi took out a piece of candy and put it in his hand, and then said, This one is also for you, because when I told you not to hit anyone again, you stopped immediately, which shows that you respect me. ? Wang You was even more surprised and opened his eyes wide. Tao Xingzhi took out the third candy and stuffed it into Wang You's hand, saying? I looked into it. You hit those boys with mud because they don't obey the rules of the game and bully girls. You hit them, which shows that you are honest and kind, and have the courage to fight the bad guys! ? Wang You was moved to tears and said regretfully: Tao ... Principal, you ... hit me twice! I was wrong. I didn't hit the bad guys, but my classmates! ? Tao Xingzhi said with a satisfied smile. If you can correctly recognize your mistake, I will give you another piece of candy, but unfortunately I only have this piece of candy. I've run out of candy, and I think our conversation is over! ? In this case, we can see that Mr. Tao Xingzhi did not criticize or punish Wang You, but encouraged and praised him. In this way, he improved Wang You's moral cognition, made him realize his mistakes, and embodied the persuasion principle. Then while analyzing this case, we will also analyze Mr. Tao Xingzhi's behavior, words and deeds to safeguard Wang You's self-esteem. Therefore, it can also embody the principle of combining respect for students with strict requirements.

Third, the principle of respecting students and strictly demanding students.

1. Basic meaning: We should respect and trust students, but also set strict requirements on students, and organically combine strictness with love. Makarenko, a Soviet educator, said: Ask as many people as possible and respect them as much as possible. ? First of all, respecting students is the emotional basis of educating students and the starting point of strictly demanding students. A teacher who respects students can gain their trust, have emotional connection with them, and make them? Kiss his teacher and believe in his way? Only in this way can his strict requirements be accepted by students.

Secondly, the two are indispensable and complement each other. Respect will inevitably put forward strict requirements for them, and responsibility will become laissez-faire. Without strict requirements, respect is worthless; And strict requirements without respect often obliterate students' subjectivity and return to traditional education? No students? To bad habits.

2. Requirements: (1) Educators should have a strong sense of responsibility, respect students' attitudes, care for and care for students, especially underachievers. (2) Educators should be strict with students and carefully manage them according to the educational purpose and moral education goal. Educators should put forward reasonable and strict moral requirements for students.

In this principle, it is emphasized that both are indispensable. We should respect and trust students, especially underachievers, put an end to sarcasm and corporal punishment in disguised form, be strict with behavior, correct mistakes in time, and start from two aspects: moral emotion and moral behavior.

This is the theoretical knowledge part that I mainly share with you today. Now, combined with the common examination questions, this part will be consolidated accordingly. For example:

1.？ Strict requirements and maximum respect for students? Yes ().

A. Dewey B. makarenko C. IELTS Bells D. Tao Xingzhi

1. Answer B. Analysis: Among the principles of moral education, makarenko put forward two principles of moral education, namely, the principle of combining respect for students with strict requirements and the principle of collective education.

2.？ On priorities, knowing first; In terms of importance, behavior is important. ? It embodies the ().

A. principle of consistency B. principle of active guidance C. principle of unity of knowing and doing D. principle of strict requirements

2. Answer C. Analysis: The principle of unity of knowing and doing means that we should not only pay attention to the theoretical education of ideological and moral character, but also pay attention to organizing students to participate in practical exercises, and combine awareness-raising with behavioral development to make students' words and deeds consistent. Stem's discussion on the relationship between knowing and doing embodies the unity of knowing and doing.

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