Is the reform of state-owned forest farms implemented in the thirteenth five-year plan?

20 15 03 17 Recently, the Central Committee and the State Council issued the Reform Plan of State-owned Forest Farms and the Guiding Opinions on the Reform of State-owned Forest Areas, and issued a notice requesting all localities and departments to conscientiously implement them in light of the actual situation.

Reform plan of state-owned forest farm

Protecting forests and ecology is the foundation of building ecological civilization, and deepening the reform of ecological civilization system and improving the forest and ecological protection system are the primary tasks. State-owned forest farms are an important force for ecological restoration and construction in China and the most important infrastructure for maintaining national ecological security. They have made great achievements in large-scale afforestation and forest resources management, and played an important role in protecting national ecological security, improving people's ecological well-being, promoting green development and coping with climate change. However, for a long time, the function orientation of state-owned forest farms is unclear, the management system is not smooth, the management mechanism is not flexible, and the support policies are not perfect, so the sustainable development of forest farms is facing severe challenges. In order to speed up the reform of state-owned forest farms, promote the scientific development of state-owned forest farms and give full play to the important role of state-owned forest farms in ecological construction, this plan is formulated.

First, the overall requirements for the reform of state-owned forest farms

(1) guiding ideology. Fully implement the spirit of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Third and Fourth Plenary Sessions of the 18th Central Committee, thoroughly implement the forestry development strategy focusing on ecological construction, promote the separation of government from enterprise according to the requirements of promoting reform by classification, and focus on the two major goals of protecting ecology and ensuring workers' lives, so as to realize the innovation of management and protection methods and supervision system. Promote the transformation of forestry development mode from wood production to ecological restoration and construction, from using forests to obtaining economic benefits to protecting forests to providing ecological services, establish a new system of state-owned forest farms that is conducive to protecting and developing forest resources, improving ecology and people's livelihood, and enhancing the vitality of forestry development, and make greater contributions to safeguarding national ecological security, protecting biodiversity and building ecological civilization.

(2) Basic principles

-Adhere to ecological orientation and give priority to protection. Forest is the main body of terrestrial ecology, the capital and foundation for the survival of the country and the nation, and it is related to the overall situation of ecological security, fresh water security, homeland security, species security, climate security and national ecological diplomacy. It is necessary to take maintaining and improving the ecological function of forest resources as the starting point and the end result of the reform, and implement the strictest forest land and forest resources management system in state-owned forest farms to ensure that state-owned forest resources are not destroyed and state-owned assets are not lost, which plays a key role in adhering to the ecological red line.

-Persist in improving people's livelihood and maintaining stability. Based on the actual situation of the forest farm, we will steadily push forward the reform, effectively solve the most concerned, direct and realistic interests of the workers, fully mobilize the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the workers, and ensure the stability of the forest farm.

-adhere to local conditions and classify policies. Taking "educating people by forest" as the direction, and according to the actual situation of forestry and ecological construction in various places, we should explore different types of state-owned forest farm reform models, and do not force uniformity or make a one-size-fits-all approach.

-Adhere to classified guidance and be responsible at the provincial level. The central government gives classified guidance to the reform of state-owned forest farms around the country and gives appropriate support in terms of policies and funds. Provincial governments take overall responsibility for the reform of state-owned forest farms and formulate specific reform measures according to local conditions.

(3) the overall goal. By 2020, achieve the following goals:

-the ecological function has been significantly improved. Through vigorous afforestation, scientific forest management and strict protection, the forest area has increased by more than 654.38 billion mu, the forest stock has increased by more than 600 million cubic meters, and commercial logging has decreased by about 20%. Forest carbon sinks and the ability to cope with climate change have been effectively enhanced, and forest quality has been significantly improved.

-Production and living conditions have improved significantly. By innovating the management system of state-owned forest farms and increasing the investment in forest farm infrastructure through multiple channels, the production and living conditions of employees can be effectively improved. Broaden the employment channels for employees and improve the social security mechanism, so that employees can have employment and their basic livelihood can be guaranteed.

-comprehensive innovation in the management system. Basically form a new forest farm management system with clear functional orientation, streamlined and efficient personnel, forest management and purchasing services, and graded implementation of resource supervision to ensure sustainable government investment, efficient resource supervision and sustainable development of forest farms.

Second, the main contents of the reform of state-owned forest farms

(1) Clearly define the ecological responsibilities and protection methods of state-owned forest farms. The main functions of state-owned forest farms are clearly to protect and cultivate forest resources and safeguard national ecological security. Adapt to the functional orientation, clarify the organizational model of forest resources protection, and rationally define the attributes of state-owned forest farms. State-owned forest farms, which originally belonged to institutions, mainly assumed the responsibility of protecting and cultivating forest resources and other ecological public welfare services, continued to be managed as public welfare service institutions, and strictly controlled the establishment of undertakings; For those who basically do not undertake the protection and cultivation of forest resources and mainly engage in market-oriented operations, it is necessary to promote the transformation of enterprises into enterprises, and for those who do not have the conditions for the transformation of enterprises, they should divest their business. At present, state-owned forest farms have been transformed into enterprises. The nature of the enterprise remains unchanged in principle, and the management and protection of public welfare forests can be realized through the government's purchase of services, or it can be transformed into public welfare enterprises in combination with the reform of state-owned enterprises. If there are special circumstances, the local government can reasonably determine its attributes according to local conditions.

(2) Promote the separation of state-owned forest farms. Forestry administrative departments should speed up the transformation of functions, innovate management methods, reduce micro-management and direct management of state-owned forest farms, strengthen the formulation and implementation of development strategies, plans, policies and standards, and implement the legal autonomy of state-owned forest farms. On the basis of stabilizing the existing subordinate relationship, the management level of state-owned forest farms should be reasonably optimized by comprehensively considering factors such as location, scale and ecological construction needs. Forest farms that are too small and scattered in the same administrative area should be integrated into larger forest farms according to the principle of streamlining institutions and scale management. Scientifically approved career preparation is used to hire managers, professional and technical personnel and backbone forestry skilled personnel, and the funds are included in the fiscal budget of the government at the same level. Strengthen the supervision of preparation and use. In addition to national policy placement, appointment by superiors according to the cadre personnel authority and confidential positions, other ways should be used to select and appoint personnel, and all new employees in public institutions will be openly recruited.

(3) promote the separation of government and enterprise in state-owned forest farms. The business activities of state-owned forest farms should be market-oriented, and the management of commercial forest harvesting, forestry characteristic industries and forest tourism should be strictly implemented. Encourage excellent forestry enterprises to participate in mergers and acquisitions, and effectively improve the operating efficiency of state-owned forest farms with enterprise nature through large-scale operation and market-oriented operation. Strengthen the identification and verification of assets and liabilities to prevent the loss of state-owned assets. It is necessary to speed up the separation of social functions of various state-owned forest farms, and gradually transfer schools and medical institutions run by forest farms to territorial management. Actively explore the transformation or restructuring of medical institutions run by forest areas. According to local conditions, gradually straighten out the relationship between state-owned forest farms and escrow towns.

(4) Improve the management and protection mechanism of public welfare forests based on purchasing services. The market mechanism should be introduced into the daily management and protection of public welfare forests in state-owned forest farms, and services should be purchased from the society through contracts and commissions. On the premise of maintaining the integrity and stability of the forest farm ecosystem, in accordance with the principle of scientific planning, encourage social capital and forest farm workers to develop characteristic industries such as forest tourism, and effectively revitalize forest resources. The part that is divided into public welfare forests within the business scope of the state-owned enterprise nature forest farm shall be separately arranged with management and protection funds by the central finance and local finance according to the approved public welfare forest grade. Encourage social welfare organizations and volunteers to participate in the management and protection of public welfare forests and raise the awareness of ecological protection of the whole society.

(five) improve the forest resources supervision system with clear responsibilities and hierarchical management. Establish a property right system of forest resources with clear ownership, clear responsibilities and effective supervision, and establish and improve the forest land protection system, forest protection system, forest management system, wetland protection system, nature reserve system, supervision system and assessment system. According to the factors such as the nature of forest land, ecological location, area size, regulatory matters, and the degree of influence on the overall interests of society, the forestry administrative departments at the national, provincial and municipal levels shall supervise at different levels, strengthen the multi-level linkage supervision of forest land nature changes and cutting quotas, and fully mobilize the enthusiasm of regulatory agencies at all levels. Maintain the long-term stability of the range and use of forest land in state-owned forest farms, and prohibit the conversion of forest land into non-forest land. Establish an institutionalized monitoring and assessment system, strengthen the assessment of forest resources protection and management of state-owned forest farms, and take the assessment results as an important basis for the comprehensive assessment and evaluation of the achievements of the main leaders of local governments and relevant departments. Strengthen the construction of national and local state-owned forest farm forest resources monitoring system, establish and improve the forest resources management files of state-owned forest farms, regularly announce the forest resources status of state-owned forest farms to the public, accept social supervision, and implement the outgoing audit of forest resources of state-owned forest farms for the directors of state-owned forest farms. Implement the forest resource management system of state-owned forest farms with the core of improving the quality of forest resources and strictly controlling the cutting amount, work out the cutting quota according to the forest management plan, formulate the annual production plan and carry out forest management activities, and governments at all levels check the preparation and implementation of the forest management plan of state-owned forest farms under management. Explore the establishment of a system of paid use of forest resources in state-owned forest farms. Use the forest resources of state-owned forest farms to carry out forest tourism. , should be clearly defined with state-owned forest farms; Approved occupation of forest land in state-owned forest farms, forest compensation fees, resettlement subsidies, vegetation restoration fees and social security fees for employees shall be paid in full according to regulations. Start the protection and cultivation project of forest resources in state-owned forest farms, and reasonably determine the commercial harvesting amount of forests in state-owned forest farms. Accelerate the study and formulation of legal systems and measures for the management of state-owned forest farms and medium-and long-term development plans for state-owned forest farms. Explore the establishment of national parks.

(6) Improve the employee employment transfer mechanism and social security system. In accordance with the principles of "internal digestion first, solving employment through multiple channels" and "people-oriented, ensuring stability", the surplus staff and workers of state-owned forest farms shall be properly placed, and the compulsory buyout method shall not be adopted to ensure the basic livelihood of employees. Mainly through the following channels: First, engage in forest management and protection by purchasing services; Second, jobs such as forestry characteristic industries provided by forest farms gradually transition to retirement; The third is to strengthen targeted vocational skills training and encourage and guide some employees to change jobs. All surplus employees will be included in the social insurance for urban employees in accordance with the regulations, with a smooth transition and reasonable connection to ensure the retirement life of employees. Will meet the minimum living conditions of forest farm workers and their family members into the minimum living guarantee for local residents, and earnestly do everything possible.

Third, improve the policy support system for the reform and development of state-owned forest farms.

(1) Strengthen the infrastructure construction of state-owned forest farms. The infrastructure construction of state-owned forest farms should reflect the needs of ecological construction, and cannot simply copy urban construction. Governments at all levels will incorporate the infrastructure construction of state-owned forest farms into the government construction plan at the same level. According to the expenditure responsibility and financial affiliation, in the existing special funds channels, increase investment in infrastructure construction such as power supply, drinking water safety, forest fire prevention, site management and protection, pest control, etc., and incorporate the roads of state-owned forest farms into the relevant highway network planning according to their attributes. Accelerate the transformation and upgrading of the power grid of state-owned forest farms. Actively promote the ecological migration of state-owned forest farms, and gradually move farms located in areas with extremely fragile ecological environment and unsuitable for living to small towns, so as to improve the integration with urban development. Implement the housing provident fund and housing subsidy policies for employees of state-owned forest farms. Under the premise of conforming to the overall land use planning, according to the administrative subordination, with the approval of the municipal government, and in accordance with the standards and requirements for the construction of affordable housing projects, state-owned forest farms are allowed to use their own land to build affordable housing projects, and land supply and registration procedures are handled according to laws and regulations.

(2) Strengthen financial support for state-owned forest farms. The central government arranges subsidies for the reform of state-owned forest farms, which are mainly used to solve the problems of employees of state-owned forest farms participating in social insurance and separating forest farms from social functions. Provincial finance should make overall arrangements for funds to solve the cost problem of state-owned forest farm reform. State-owned forest farms can apply the conditional policy of supporting agriculture and benefiting farmers. Incorporate the poverty alleviation work of state-owned poverty-stricken forest farms into the poverty alleviation work plans of governments at all levels and increase support. Increase policy support for basic public services of forest farms and promote the equalization of basic public services between forest farms and surrounding areas.

(3) Strengthen financial support for state-owned forest farms. Investigate the financial debts owed by state-owned forest land and actively resolve them in accordance with the principles of equal consultation and commercialization. For normal financial debts, they should be repaid according to law after maturity; The CBRC, the Ministry of Finance, the State Forestry Administration and other relevant departments should study and formulate operational policies to resolve the bad debts arising from the construction of public welfare forests in state-owned forest farms issued by state-owned or state-controlled financial institutions; If other non-performing financial debts cannot be repaid due to objective reasons, they can be restructured by extending the loan according to the actual situation after review. Those that meet the conditions for write-off of bad debts shall be written off in accordance with relevant regulations. Strictly examine bad debts and prevent financial institutions from escaping debts through reform. Develop credit products suitable for the characteristics of state-owned forest farms, make full use of the central government's forestry loan discount policy, and broaden the financing channels of state-owned forest farms.

(four) to strengthen the construction of talent team in state-owned forest farms. In accordance with the relevant policies to support the development of the western region and the hard and remote areas, the management and technical talents urgently needed for the development of state-owned forest farms will be introduced. Establish an open, fair and competitive employment mechanism and create a good environment for talent development. Appropriately relax the evaluation and employment conditions of professional and technical posts in state-owned forest farms in difficult areas, appropriately increase the proportion of forestry skills posts in state-owned forest farms, and improve the personnel structure. Strengthen the construction of leading bodies of state-owned forest farms, increase the training of forest farm workers, and improve the comprehensive quality and professional ability of state-owned forest farm personnel.

The fourth is to strengthen organizational leadership and comprehensively implement various tasks.

(1) Strengthen overall guidance. Relevant departments should strengthen communication and close cooperation, and formulate and improve a series of support policies such as social security, debt resolution and employee housing in accordance with the division of functions. The National Development and Reform Commission and the State Forestry Administration should make overall planning and coordination, earnestly provide classified guidance and services according to the actual situation of state-owned forest farms in different regions, strengthen follow-up analysis and supervision and inspection, and timely evaluate the implementation of the plan. Major issues in the implementation of the plan should be reported to the State Council in a timely manner.

(2) Clear job responsibilities. The governments of all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) should take overall responsibility for the reform of state-owned forest farms, formulate specific plans as soon as possible according to the objectives, tasks and policies and measures determined in this plan, and ensure that all tasks and objectives are completed on time. Strengthen the construction of state-owned forest farm management institutions, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of state-owned forest farms, maintain the stability of forest resources ownership, and prohibit the destruction of state-owned forest resources, deforestation, indiscriminate occupation of forest land and disorderly construction. Do a good job in risk early warning, resolve conflicts in time, and ensure social stability.

Guiding opinions on the reform of state-owned forest areas

Protecting forests and ecology is the foundation of building ecological civilization, and deepening the reform of ecological civilization system and improving the forest and ecological protection system are the primary tasks. State-owned forest areas are an important ecological security barrier and strategic base for forest resources cultivation in China, and the most important infrastructure for maintaining national ecological security. They play an irreplaceable role in economic and social development and ecological civilization construction, and have made great contributions to national economic construction. However, for a long time, the management system of state-owned forest areas is not perfect, forest resources are overexploited, and people's livelihood problems are more prominent, which seriously restricts the ability of ecological security. In order to actively explore the reform path of state-owned forest areas, improve the management system of state-owned forest areas, and further enhance the ecological function and development vitality of state-owned forest areas, the following opinions are put forward.

First, the overall requirements of the reform of state-owned forest areas

(1) guiding ideology. Fully implement the spirit of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Third and Fourth Plenary Sessions of the 18th Central Committee, thoroughly implement the forestry development strategy focusing on ecological construction, give full play to the ecological functions of state-owned forest areas, build a national timber strategic reserve base, clarify the relationship between central and local governments and enterprises as the main line, actively promote the separation of government from enterprises, improve the forest resources supervision system, innovate the way of resource management and protection, and improve the supporting policy system. Establish a new system of state-owned forest areas that is conducive to the protection and development of forest resources, improve ecology and people's livelihood, and enhance the vitality of forestry development, accelerate the economic transformation of forest areas, promote the gradual recovery and steady growth of forest resources in forest areas, and promote the transformation of forestry development mode from wood production to ecological recovery and construction, and from using forests to providing ecological services for forest protection, so as to provide ecological guarantee for building an ecological civilization and beautiful China and realizing the sustainable development of the Chinese nation.

(2) Basic principles

-Adhere to the principle of giving priority to ecology and giving priority to protection. Respect the laws of nature, implement the overall management of landscapes, forests, fields and lakes, focus on protecting natural ecosystems such as forests and wetlands, and ensure that the total amount of forest resources continues to increase, the production capacity of ecological products continues to increase, and the ecological functions continue to increase.

-Pay attention to improving people's livelihood and maintaining stability. Improve the infrastructure of state-owned forest areas, actively develop alternative industries, promote employment and increase income, ensure the basic livelihood of employees, and maintain social harmony and stability in forest areas.

-promote the separation of government and enterprise, and take their respective responsibilities. Clarify the functional orientation of the government and forest industry enterprises, divest the social management and social functions of forest industry enterprises, speed up the restructuring and reform of forest enterprises, and realize that the government, enterprises and society perform their respective duties.

-Strengthening unified planning and comprehensive development. Break the management mode of compartmentalization of forest areas, incorporate forest areas into the overall planning of local national economic and social development, and promote the integration of forest areas into local society and economy into the market.

-adhere to classified guidance and step-by-step implementation. Give full consideration to the different conditions of state-owned forest areas, give guidance by the central authorities, formulate implementation plans in different places, scientifically and reasonably determine the reform model, and embark on a road of reform and development of state-owned forest areas with China characteristics, instead of making a one-size-fits-all approach, step by step.

(3) the overall goal. By 2020, we will basically straighten out the relationship between the central and local governments and between the government and enterprises, realize the separation of government and enterprise management, further strengthen the social management and public service functions of the forest government, improve the management and supervision system of forest resources, basically integrate the economic and social development of forest areas into the local areas, significantly improve the production and living conditions, and effectively guarantee the basic livelihood of employees; Commercial logging of natural forests will be stopped in an orderly manner according to different situations. The forest area of key state-owned forest areas has increased by about 5.5 million mu, the forest stock has increased by more than 400 million cubic meters, the forest carbon sink and the ability to cope with climate change have been effectively enhanced, and the quality of forest resources and ecological security have been comprehensively improved.

Two, the main task of the reform of state-owned forest areas

(1) According to different situations, stop the commercial harvesting of natural forests in key state-owned forest areas in an orderly manner to ensure the stable recovery and growth of forest resources. Clarify the strategic positioning of state-owned forest areas to play ecological functions and maintain ecological security, and define providing ecological services and maintaining ecological security as the basic functions of state-owned forest areas, as the basic starting point for formulating various policies and measures for the reform and development of state-owned forest areas. To study and put forward the implementation plan to strengthen the protection of natural forests in state-owned forest areas. We will steadily push forward the pilot project of stopping commercial logging of natural forests in key state-owned forest areas in Heilongjiang, track the effect of policy implementation, and sum up experience in time. On the basis of the pilot, the commercial harvesting of natural forests in key state-owned forest areas in Inner Mongolia and Jilin will be stopped in an orderly manner, the forest quality will be improved in an all-round way, and the cultivation and restoration of forest resources will be accelerated.

(two) according to local conditions and gradually promote the separation of government and enterprise in state-owned forest areas. In areas where local government functions are sound and financial resources are abundant, the functions of social management and public service of enterprises should be separated in one step, and the funds should be included in the local fiscal budget. In areas where conditions are not available, we should first separate government from enterprise internally and gradually create conditions to hand over administrative functions to local governments.

(3) Gradually form a streamlined and efficient state-owned forest resources management institution. In order to meet the new requirements of stopping or gradually reducing the commercial logging of natural forests and giving full play to the leading function of ecological services in state-owned forest areas, according to the principle of "only reducing institutions and not increasing personnel, maintaining social harmony and stability", the reform plan of forest industry enterprises is formulated by classification, and the management personnel are reduced year by year through various means, so as to finally realize reasonable staffing and personnel scale, and gradually establish a streamlined and efficient state-owned forest resources management institution, which is responsible for the protection and management of forests, wetlands, nature reserves and wildlife resources according to law. Gradually integrate forest sites with small scale, few personnel and remote location.

(4) Innovating the management and protection mechanism of forest resources. According to the distribution characteristics of forests and the production seasons in different regions, we should adopt effective management and protection modes such as setting up checkpoints in distant mountains and managing near mountains, strengthen the application of high-tech means and modern transportation equipment, reduce labor intensity, improve management and protection efficiency and ensure management and protection effect. Encourage social welfare organizations and volunteers to participate in the management and protection of public welfare forests and raise the awareness of ecological protection of the whole society. Innovative forestry production organizations, afforestation, management and protection, tending, timber production and other forestry production and construction tasks, which can be realized by purchasing services, should be purchased for the society. In addition to nature reserves, under the premise of not destroying forest resources, workers engaged in forest resources management and protection are allowed to engage in the production of lint products to increase their income. Actively promote all kinds of social capital to participate in the restructuring of forest industry enterprises and improve the vitality of forest industry development.

(5) Innovating the forest resources supervision system. Establish a property right system of forest resources with clear ownership, clear responsibilities and effective supervision, and establish and improve the forest land protection system, forest protection system, forest management system, wetland protection system, nature reserve system, supervision system and assessment system. The property right of forest resources in key state-owned forest areas belongs to the state, that is, to the whole people. The forestry administrative department of the State Council exercises ownership on behalf of the state, performs the responsibilities of investors, and is responsible for the examination and approval of changes in property rights of state-owned forest resources and forest resources assets in key state-owned forest areas. To study and formulate legal systems and measures for the supervision and management of forest resources in key state-owned forest areas. Further strengthen the supervision function of the local forest resources supervision commissioner's office dispatched by the forestry administrative department of the State Council, optimize the establishment of supervision institutions, and strengthen the supervision over the protection and management of forest resources in key state-owned forest areas. Establish and improve the performance management and assessment mechanism of forest areas with ecological service function as the core and forest land quantity, forest coverage rate, forest quality, forest protection and fire prevention, pest control as the main indicators, and implement the outgoing audit of forest resources. Scientific formulation of medium-and long-term forest management planning is the main basis for protecting and developing state-owned forest resources and evaluating their management performance. Explore the establishment of national parks.

(6) Strengthen the responsibility of local governments to protect forests and improve people's livelihood. Local governments at all levels shall take overall responsibility for the economic and social development of forest areas and the protection of forest resources within their respective administrative areas. It is necessary to incorporate the economic and social development of forest areas into the overall planning and investment plan of local national economic and social development. Effectively perform the forest social management and public service functions of local governments. The changes of forest coverage rate and forest volume in state-owned forest areas are included in the binding indicators of local government target responsibility assessment. The number of forest land and the quota of forest land requisition and occupation are included in the target responsibility assessment of local governments. The provincial government is fully responsible for organizing the implementation of natural forest protection projects and stopping the commercial logging of natural forests, and implementing the objectives, tasks, funds and responsibilities of the "four provinces". Local governments at all levels are responsible for the unified organization, coordination and guidance of forest fire prevention work in their respective administrative areas, and the chief executive responsibility system is implemented.

(seven) the proper placement of surplus workers in state-owned forest areas, to ensure that the basic livelihood of workers is guaranteed. Give full play to the advantages of rich green resources in forest areas, and create jobs through the development of forest tourism, special breeding and planting, overseas logging, forest product processing and foreign cooperation. The central government will continue to increase its support for forest management and protection, artificial afforestation, tending of young and middle-aged forests and forest transformation and cultivation, and promote the transfer of employees to jobs. For those who meet the policy of flexible employment difficulties, the local government shall make overall plans to solve the social insurance subsidies in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, and the state-owned forestry units across administrative regions shall be made overall plans by the local municipal or provincial governments.

Third, improve the policy support system for the reform of state-owned forest areas.

(1) Strengthen financial support for state-owned forest areas. After the state-owned forest areas stop commercial harvesting of natural forests, the central government will support them by appropriately increasing the financial funds for natural forest protection projects. According to the local per capita income level, the financial subsidy standard for forest management and protection fees and the social insurance subsidy standard for natural forest protection projects will be appropriately adjusted. Increase the support of the central government for forest insurance and improve the ability of forest resources in state-owned forest areas to resist natural disasters. Increase policy support for basic public services in forest areas and promote the equalization of basic public services between forest areas and surrounding areas.

(2) Strengthen financial support for state-owned forest areas. According to the causes and types of debts, the debts of financial institutions in forest industry enterprises are classified and resolved. For normal financial debts, they should be repaid according to law after maturity. For financial bad debts that really need the support of the central government, the CBRC, the Ministry of Finance, the State Forestry Administration and other relevant departments will study and formulate practical and targeted policies on the basis of listening to the opinions of financial institutions and full investigation, and report them to the State Council for approval before implementation. Strictly examine bad debts and prevent financial institutions from escaping debts through reform. Develop credit products suitable for the characteristics of state-owned forest areas, broaden forestry financing channels, increase forestry credit supply, and vigorously develop small loans for employees in state-owned forest areas. Improve the forestry credit guarantee method and the central financial discount policy for forestry loans.

(3) Strengthening infrastructure construction in state-owned forest areas. Infrastructure construction in forest areas should reflect the needs of ecological construction, not simply imitate urban construction and build a prosperous city. Governments at all levels should incorporate infrastructure construction such as power grid, drinking water safety and buildings for management and protection sites in state-owned forest areas into the overall arrangement of government construction planning at the same level, and incorporate state-owned forest roads into relevant road network planning according to their attributes, speed up the transformation of shanty towns and power grids in state-owned forest areas, and strengthen forest fire prevention and pest control. Combined with the existing channels, the state has increased its support for infrastructure construction in state-owned forest areas.

(four) to speed up the relocation of workers in remote mountainous areas. Incorporate urban construction in forest areas into local urban construction planning, and actively promote the relocation of workers in deep mountains and remote mountainous areas in combination with forest area reform and forest farm merger and integration. Fully consider employees' production and living needs, respect employees' wishes, and reasonably arrange employees' relocation and resettlement sites. Continue to combine the transformation of shanty towns in forest areas, further increase the central financial support, and at the same time give preferential treatment when arranging investment in supporting infrastructure construction of affordable housing projects. The policy of transformation and relocation of independent industrial and mining areas is implemented with reference to the construction of supporting infrastructure and public service facilities in the relocation area of forest farms. Conscientiously implement the requirements of provincial governments to take overall responsibility for the transformation of local shanty towns, and relevant provincial governments and forest industry enterprises should also increase subsidies accordingly. For qualified employees with difficulties, the local government should actively study and combine public rental housing and other policies to solve their housing difficulties. Broaden the channels for raising funds for the relocation of workers in remote mountainous forest areas, and increase financing efforts such as financial credit and corporate bonds. Earnestly implement the preferential policies for tax reduction and exemption of housing in shanty towns.

(5) Actively promote the industrial transformation of state-owned forest areas. We will promote ecological protection and economic transformation in large and small Xing 'an Mountains and Changbai Mountain forest areas, and actively develop green industries to enrich the people. Further shrink the timber mining and transportation industry and strictly limit mining. Encourage the cultivation of fast-growing and high-yield timber forests, especially precious tree species and large-diameter timber forests, and vigorously develop green and low-carbon industries such as wood deep processing, characteristic economic forests, forest tourism, domestication and breeding of wild animals and plants, increase jobs, and increase the income of forest workers and the masses. Make use of geographical advantages to develop forest products processing bases and foreign trade, and build forest products processing clusters based on imported raw materials at ports, focusing on intensive processing and facing domestic and foreign markets. Support state-owned enterprises to participate in the reform and reorganization of state-owned forest industry enterprises, and promote the optimal allocation of resources and industrial transformation in state-owned forest areas. Select areas with mature conditions to carry out pilot economic transformation and support the development of alternative industries in the pilot areas.

The fourth is to strengthen organizational leadership and comprehensively implement various tasks.

(1) Strengthen the organizational leadership of the reform. Relevant departments should clarify their responsibilities, cooperate closely, and formulate and improve a series of support policies such as social security, debt resolution and employee housing in accordance with the requirements of this opinion. The National Development and Reform Commission and the State Forestry Administration should strengthen organization, coordination and classified guidance, and do a good job in supervising and implementing them. All relevant provinces (autonomous regions) should take overall responsibility for the reform of state-owned forest areas in the region, formulate specific implementation plans in light of local conditions, refine work measures and requirements, timely discover and solve contradictions and problems in the reform, and implement various reform tasks.

(2) Pay attention to the pilot first and advance in an orderly manner. We should fully consider the complexity and arduousness of reform, actively explore and steadily push forward reform. The relevant provinces (autonomous regions) may, according to the spirit of this opinion, select some state-owned forestry bureaus with good working conditions to pilot first, accumulate reform experience, and then gradually promote them.

(3) Promote reform in strict accordance with the law and regulations. It is necessary to strengthen the ecological protection responsibility of governments at all levels, strengthen the supervision of forest resources, strengthen the performance evaluation of forest resources protection, and strictly put an end to the phenomenon of destroying forest resources such as disorderly occupation of forest land, disorderly construction and deforestation. We should conscientiously implement the relevant provisions on the management of state-owned assets, strictly enforce the disciplinary requirements, and prevent the loss of state-owned assets. It is necessary to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the workers and masses in forest areas according to law and maintain the harmony and stability of forest areas.