How to use the existing resources to broaden the channels of increasing farmers' income and find effective development ideas?

Agriculture, rural areas and farmers are related to the national economy and people's livelihood. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council always regard agriculture, rural areas and farmers as the top priority of the Party's work. Ningyang County, Shandong Province, as a typical agricultural county, shoulders the sacred responsibility of doing a good job in "agriculture, countryside and farmers". On how to achieve agricultural efficiency, increase farmers' income and rural stability, our county has made serious thinking and research, and made active and effective exploration. In the whole problem of agriculture, countryside and farmers, income diversification is a realistic choice to solve the problem of increasing farmers' income.

First, to increase farmers' income, we must base ourselves on agriculture, support agriculture with agriculture, and tap the comparative advantages of agriculture. According to the requirements of regional characteristics and scale of characteristics, Ningyang County insists on excavating characteristics in resource integration, fostering characteristics by fostering strengths and avoiding weaknesses, and strives to create a regional comparative advantage of "no one has me, and people have me." In recent years, on the basis of consolidating characteristic industries such as seed production, vegetables and silkworm, we have vigorously cultivated new industries such as dairy cows, fast-growing and high-yield forests, integration of forestry, grass and animal husbandry, seedlings and flowers. The county has initially planned to form "four belts and five districts". Four belts, namely the pollution-free green vegetable industrial belt in the off-season in the east, are mainly in Huafeng Town and Dongzhuang Township; The western organic vegetable industrial belt with Fushan Town and Shudong Town as the main body; Ten thousand mu of excellent vegetable seed production industrial belt, mainly in Fushan Town and Shudong Town; 20,000 mu sericulture industrial belt with Shudong Town, Heshan Town, Fushan Town and Gangcheng Town as the main body. There are five areas, including Xiangyin Township's 30,000 mu fast-growing and high-yield forest development zone, Geshi Town's 80,000 mu red jujube development zone, Shudong Town 1 10,000 mu seedling and flower development zone, magnetic kiln town 1 10,000 mu ginger development zone and Jiangji's 30,000 mu peanut planting zone. At present, the area of vegetables in the county has reached more than 400,000 mu, mulberry fields 32,000 mu, seedlings and flowers 6,543.8+0.8 million mu, high-yield forests 6,543.8+0.6 million mu and forage grass 6,543.8+0.3 million mu.

With the continuous development of social economy, livestock and poultry breeding industry has entered the era of low profit. Developing large-scale aquaculture and realizing intensive development of livestock and poultry breeding are effective ways to improve the efficiency of aquaculture. Therefore, we regard large-scale aquaculture as the top priority in the development of animal husbandry, actively guide the masses to develop large-scale aquaculture, give support from policies and funds, and comprehensively improve the economic benefits of aquaculture. By the end of 2005, there were 4850 large-scale farms and 520 feeding communities in the county, and large-scale breeding accounted for more than 55% of the total social feeding. The Dairy Farm of Huafeng Coal Mine in Shudong Town and Zheng Zhuang Dairy Community were rated as demonstration areas of dairy farming in Shandong Province, and were identified as demonstration bases for breeding and promotion of improved dairy cows by Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences. At the same time, our county firmly grasped the great opportunity that Mengniu Group settled in Taian and fully implemented the "Dairy Enrichment Project" in the county. The county government specially issued documents, defined the development goals of dairy industry, formulated preferential policies and reward and punishment measures, and vigorously promoted "attracting investment and attracting cattle", which was highly praised by provincial and municipal leaders. At present, there are 16300 cows in the county, which is 1300 more than the end of 2005 and 7 1.6% more than the same period last year. Our county has built a large-scale dairy farm in Huafeng Coal Mine, such as Zhengdong Shuzhuang, Jiangji Xiaohu, Huafeng Xiepu, Sidian Village, Fushan Sangzhuang and other dairy farming communities with a certain scale. A number of leading projects such as Baoshan Dairy with an investment of 300 million yuan and Bright Dairy with an investment of 200 million yuan have also settled down, creating favorable conditions for the great development of dairy industry in the county.

Second, to increase farmers' income, we must rely on leading enterprises to build a "chain" and give full play to the maximum benefits of agriculture. Our county has always adhered to the concept of industrialization and marketization to plan and manage agriculture and rural economy, and by extending the chain of agriculture and agricultural products, we have developed and expanded leading agricultural enterprises to realize the value-added of agricultural products processing; By establishing the chain between farmers, developing rural cooperative economic organizations, improving the degree of organization and farmers' ability to resist market risks, guiding agricultural development and driving farmers to increase their income.

In the development of leading enterprises, according to the idea of "introducing a batch around resources, aiming at the market, establishing a batch based on reality, guiding and supporting a large number", combined with promoting agricultural regional production, strengthening planning and rational distribution, insisting on paying equal attention to large, medium and small enterprises and various economic sectors, encouraging and attracting diversified capital such as foreign capital and private capital through shares, cooperation, alliances and mergers, and vigorously setting up grain and trees. At the same time, select a group of leading enterprises with strong driving ability and give key support in terms of capital, technology and talents. At present, there are 38 leading agricultural enterprises in our county with annual sales income exceeding 6.5438+0 million yuan, including 2 provincial key leading enterprises, 4 municipal leading enterprises and 8 county leading enterprises, driving nearly 6.5438+0 million farmers. Under the condition of market economy, farmers break into the market one by one, with great risks. Only by allowing farmers to unite in a certain way, improve the degree of organization and form a "joint fleet" can we resist risks and increase income. To this end, our county takes guiding farmers to establish professional cooperatives with local characteristics as the breakthrough and focus, and actively explores the effective organization form of farmers' alliance. Based on the county resources and industrial advantages, we should actively promote the development models of "company+farmer", "company+cooperative+farmer" and "order agriculture", guide leading enterprises and capable people to unite farmers with production factors such as technology, capital and information, and set up cooperatives, professional associations and other forms of professional cooperative organizations to improve the degree of organization of farmers entering the market and promote agricultural efficiency and farmers' income. At present, the total number of farmers' cooperative economic organizations in the county has reached 234, driving more than 200,000 farmers to increase their income. Rural drinking water grain feed cooperatives were rated as "national key support cooperatives", and Ningyang Town Xiguan Forestry and Animal Husbandry Cooperative was rated as "provincial demonstration cooperative". The central, provincial and municipal governments visited this county for many times to conduct special investigations, and Vice Premier Hui Liangyu gave instructions to sum up and popularize the experience of rural grain-drinking and feed cooperatives. Hundreds of trade associations and professional cooperatives have become the "main force" to promote local economic development and increase farmers' income.

Third, to increase farmers' income, we must jump out of agriculture and strive to expand employment space. Increasing farmers' income is a systematic project. Under the framework of county economy, the development of any industry can bring a large number of jobs and provide space for farmers as the main population to increase their income. In recent years, our county has been seriously thinking about exploring effective ways to develop and expand the county economy, broadening the fields of increasing farmers' income, striving to "reduce agriculture and enrich farmers", improving the employment structure of rural labor force and realizing the sustained growth of farmers' income. First, vigorously develop rural secondary and tertiary industries. Our county clearly stipulates that the tax generated by newly-built village-level projects will reward villages according to 30%-50% of the township retained in that year, support and encourage townships to attract investment, develop private economy and attract rural labor employment. In 2005, there were more than 2,500 individual and private enterprises/KLOC-0 in the county, with 65,438+10,000 employees. The actual tax paid by the private economy accounts for 75.9% of the national tax, reaching "two-thirds of the world". The second is to actively develop trade associations. According to the needs of the development of private economy and the characteristics of various industries, more than 10 associations and organizations have been established, such as steel ball enterprise association, shoe-making enterprise association and powder product enterprise association. The number of steel ball processing enterprises in the county has now grown to more than 120, with more than 5,000 employees. The annual sales income can reach 450 million yuan, and the profits and taxes can reach 60 million yuan. There are more than 0/0 backbone shoe-making enterprises in the county, more than 200 supporting processing stations and points, and more than 0/0000 employees, with an annual production of more than 20 million pairs of rubber shoes. The annual sales income can reach more than RMB1000000, and the profit and tax can reach more than RMB1000000. It is one of the largest rubber overshoes production bases in the province. Third, vigorously develop the labor economy. In recent years, our county has listed the export of labor services as the focus of increasing farmers' income, and formed an industry that enriches the people and strengthens the county with the typical characteristics of order-based training, organization and export, contract management, supporting follow-up rights protection and improving follow-up services. There are 65.438+0.43 million migrant workers in the county all the year round, and the total annual income of labor export is 65.438+0.4 billion yuan, accounting for 46% of farmers' net income. Our county has been named as a provincial labor export base county, which has become an important source of labor export in large and medium-sized cities such as Beijing, Tianjin, Ningbo, Suzhou and Kunshan. A group of intelligent migrant workers have broadened their horizons and exercised their courage in their work, realizing the role change from wage earners to bosses, and some have returned to their hometowns to start businesses, benefiting the villagers. At present, migrant workers in Ningyang County have set up 148 enterprises, with an annual profit and tax of more than RMB 10, which has driven more than 3,500 local farmers to find jobs and become a new economic growth point. Wang Yuancheng, a young man from Qingchuan Temple Village, Ningyang Town, worked in an advertising company in Tai 'an in his early years. After years of hard work, he founded Tai 'an Oriental Computer School and Oriental Computer Information Industry Co., Ltd. He is a member of Jiu San Society in Tai 'an, a member of the Standing Committee of CPPCC in Tai 'an, a representative of the 10th National People's Congress, and one of the "Top Ten Outstanding Young Migrant Workers in China". The practice of "training+export+management+returning home to start a business" in the export of labor services in our county was summarized as "Ningyang model" by the Ministry of Labor and Social Security and popularized throughout the country. As one of the three typical counties, it was named as the national labor export demonstration county in the "China (Ningxia) Labor Economic Development Forum" and the national labor export symposium.

Fourth, to increase farmers' income, we must integrate resources, improve the mechanism and actively explore flexible land transfer modes. Land is the lifeblood of farmers. In order to improve the land output benefit in an all-round way, we explore a flexible land transfer mode, integrate land resources, improve the output benefit and increase farmers' income according to the principle of "clear property rights, stable contracting rights and enliven the right to use". There are three main modes. First, relying on leading enterprises to create a "new agricultural manor". Agricultural enterprises realize intensive management and large-scale production by leasing farmers' land, and increase the income of both farmers and companies. Taian Koufu Agricultural Development Company adopts the business model of "company+farm". Through land transfer, we leased land from Chen Xing Village of Fushan Town to develop high-value cash crops, and employed the village labor force as permanent and temporary workers, benefiting 80% of the farmers in the village. Local farmers call this model "new agricultural manor". Farmers who get land rent and wages become the "new landlords" of the new manor. They both collect rent and work as workers, take "double" money, take no risks, and their income has increased by 30% than before. The second is to implement the "field nanny" method to trust other people's farmland. A large number of farmers who leave the land to engage in secondary and tertiary industries do not care about working in the fields, but they are unwilling to give up the contracted land, and some even plough or even abandon farming; However, some rural farming experts and large agricultural machinery operators are "not enough to eat". In view of this situation, the county put forward the guiding ideology of making money by farming, and guided migrant workers and businessmen to sign a "nursery" agreement with experts in farming, forming a new "farm nanny" mutual assistance and cooperation model of "you are busy making money in other places and I will give you farmland". The third is to implement collective "intensive management" to increase the yield per mu. Located in Dongguan Village, Ningyang Town, a suburb, the per capita land is only 3 points, with less land and high labor cost, and the structure of one household is of little significance. After extensively soliciting villagers' opinions, the "two committees" of Dongguan Village collectively contracted land and set up professional teams such as planting, nursery stock, flowers and breeding to carry out unified farming, specialized production and intensive management. Other farmers turned to the secondary and tertiary industries while receiving land dividends.

Five, to increase farmers' income, we must do a good job in serving the people and governing for the people, and mobilize the enthusiasm of all parties. Government service is an effective way to improve farmers' organization, reduce production and operation costs and reduce farmers' market risks. The focus of government services is to give policies, teach methods and reduce risks. Giving policy is to implement the central rural policy to the masses, avoid the "scaffolding" of the policy and ensure that farmers really get benefits. The teaching method is to instill new knowledge, new ideas and practical technology into farmers through publicity and education, cadre demonstration and typical guidance. In order to turn risks into risks, the government must perform its market supervision duties, crack down on and stop making and selling fakes, and entrap farmers to harm the Agricultural Bank of China, and manage things well. First, earnestly implement various policies to support agriculture, benefit farmers and strengthen agriculture. In recent years, the central government, provinces and cities have issued a series of policies, and our county has resolutely put them in place, which really benefits farmers. Especially in terms of direct grain subsidies, we should strictly control the three key links of verification, publicity and confirmation in accordance with the requirements of the "five households" standard of the central and provincial committees, and strive to make the subsidy varieties and basis, subsidy standards, subsidy funds, subsidy methods and subsidy time "five clear". The county finance department set up a grain risk fund in the county agricultural development bank to directly subsidize farmers' special accounts, and the subsidy funds are closed through the special accounts to ensure that the subsidy funds are directly and timely distributed to farmers. In terms of safeguarding the interests of the masses, our county is unequivocal and resolutely implements the "one-vote veto". It is clearly stipulated that the county will resolutely implement a "one-vote veto" on the burden of farmers in any township or village, and disciplinary action will be taken against those responsible for serious cases until legal responsibility is investigated. The second is to increase scientific and technological training and demonstration. Give full play to the position role of various scientific and technological institutions such as agricultural broadcasting schools and seed technology markets, and vigorously carry out agricultural science and technology training activities by means of going to the countryside, gathering science and technology, hiring experts to give lectures, giving TV lectures, and distributing publicity materials. Over the past two years, * * * has trained a total of 654.38+million people, which has greatly improved the scientific, technological and cultural quality of agricultural technicians, grassroots cadres and farmers. At the same time, strengthen the introduction and popularization of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, adhere to the road of combining Industry-University-Research, establish long-term trade and technical cooperation relations with nearly 40 domestic and foreign scientific research institutions, such as Israeli Hazra Company, Tianjin Cucumber Research Institute and China Agricultural University, and introduce more than 20 famous and rare new varieties 100 and more advanced and applicable technologies100 every year. On this basis, through the agricultural correspondence university, agricultural broadcasting school and other training bases, popular science training is carried out all the year round to improve the quality of farmers. Every year, 98% of the county's rural grassroots cadres and 89% of the rural labor force receive universal technical training. The third is to strengthen the supervision of agricultural resources market. Agricultural materials in our county are mainly chemical fertilizers, and the varieties are mainly urea and diammonium phosphate, which are divided into two parts: real estate and procurement outside the county. Real estate chemical fertilizer is mainly urea produced by county Feida Chemical Company, which can fully meet the needs of agricultural production in the county. For real estate fertilizers, we implement the highest price limit, and the fluctuation range is 10% respectively. The county finance will squeeze out some funds to support the production of enterprises and benefit farmers. Control the slip rate of business links (including fertilizers purchased from outside the county), pay close attention to the dynamics of agricultural market, track the price trend, strengthen the supervision and inspection of agricultural market prices, and punish those who violate policies and regulations and have serious problems in accordance with relevant price policies and regulations.