What are the dangers of smog? Seven ways to prevent the dangers of smog

With the deterioration of air quality, haze weather has begun to appear. Now haze weather has appeared in many places in our country, which has caused many harms. So what is the cause of haze weather? Haze weather. What are the hazards of smog? What are the methods to prevent the hazards of smog? The editor has compiled relevant information and will answer your questions one by one in the article.

What is smog?

Smog (wù?mái, expressed in English as smog/haze) is a combination of fog and haze. Smog is common in cities. China does not In a few areas, fog is combined with haze as a disastrous weather phenomenon for early warning and forecasting, collectively referred to as "haze weather".

Haze weather refers to atmospheric turbidity and blurred vision when the relative atmospheric humidity is between 80-90%. The low atmospheric visibility in this situation is caused by the mixture of haze and fog. It is called haze weather, but this kind of weather is very rare, because the atmospheric humidity must be between 80-90%, usually after rain, and rain will filter out atmospheric dust, and the atmosphere after rain generally has less dust. , less likely to form haze.

Reasons for the formation of haze weather:

Fog refers to the weather phenomenon when the visibility is lower than 1 km due to the condensation of suspended water vapor in the atmosphere. The formation of haze is mainly due to the condensation of suspended water vapor in the air. There are three reasons for the formation of haze weather: 1. The phenomenon of static wind increases in the horizontal direction.

2. A temperature inversion appears in the vertical direction.

3. Increase in suspended particulate matter in the air.

With the growth of urban population, industrial development, and the surge of motor vehicles, pollutant emissions and suspended solids have increased significantly, directly leading to reduced visibility. In fact, dust "haze" will also be produced during home decoration. The diffuse indoor dust is not only harmful to the health of workers and users, but also increases the burden of cleaning. When the dust is severe, it also brings many hidden dangers to the decoration project.

In addition to meteorological conditions, the increase in the concentration of particulate matter (including coarse particulate matter PM10 and fine particulate matter PM2.5) in the atmosphere caused by industrial production, motor vehicle exhaust emissions, and coal burning for heating in winter is an important factor in the generation of haze. factor. Today, pollutant emission levels in many cities are at critical points and are very sensitive to meteorological conditions. Air quality can reach standards when diffusion conditions are good. Once adverse weather conditions are encountered, air quality and visibility will decline rapidly.

What are the dangers of haze?

1. The harm of haze to people

1. Injury to the lungs

Hazy days have the greatest impact on the respiratory system, which has become common knowledge among most people. The respiratory system has the most frequent contact with the external environment, and the contact area is large. Hundreds of atmospheric particles can directly enter and adhere to the upper and lower respiratory tract and lung lobes of the human body, and most of them will be inhaled by the human body. Secondly, haze weather leads to weakened ultraviolet rays near the ground, which can easily increase the activity of germs in the air. Fine particles can "carry" bacteria and viruses deep into the respiratory system, causing infection.

　2. Injury to the heart

The Harvard School of Public Health has proven that particulate pollutants in hazy days can not only cause myocardial infarction, but also cause myocardial ischemia or damage. The United States surveyed 25,000 people with heart disease or poor heart conditions and found that when PM2.5 increases by 10 micrograms/cubic meter, the patient's mortality rate will increase by 10% to 27%.

　3. Injury to blood vessels

In haze days, there are many pollutants in the air and low air pressure, which can easily induce acute attacks of cardiovascular diseases. When there is heavy fog, the water vapor content is very high. When people do outdoor activities and exercise, sweat is not easily discharged, causing chest tightness and increased blood pressure. Moreover, when the pressure is relatively low in dense fog, people will feel irritable and their blood pressure will naturally increase. In addition, the temperature is often lower in foggy days. Some patients with high blood pressure and coronary heart disease suddenly walk from warm indoors to cold outdoors. The blood vessels expand and contract with heat, which can also increase blood pressure, leading to stroke and myocardial infarction.

4. Damage to the skin

The skin also has a breathing function. In clean air, the skin will be very comfortable and moisturized, but if it is in a very dirty environment, the skin will be very uncomfortable. Comfortable.

　5. Brain damage

Haze not only damages organs, but also affects the nervous system invisibly.

Zhong Nanshan once introduced that the 65th Annual Meeting of the American Geriatrics Society concluded that if PM2.5 in the air increases by 10 micrograms/cubic meter, a person's brain function will decline by 3 years.

6. Damage to the genitourinary system

The impact of haze on semen quality is mainly manifested in the later stages. Inhalable substances in the haze enter the human blood circulation and gradually accumulate in various organs of the human body, including the scrotum in the semen factory. In addition, since the genitourinary system is the tissue with the fastest metabolism in the human body, when particles inhaled from the outside enter the human blood circulation, the first thing to be affected is the genitourinary system, which can cause a series of genitourinary system diseases, such as renal failure and uremia. , oligospermia, sperm abnormalities, prostatic hyperplasia, etc.

In addition, it should be noted that colds, allergies and other diseases are more likely to occur or worsen in haze days; some pathogens in haze can cause headaches and even induce diseases such as high blood pressure and cerebral hemorrhage; haze Weather can also cause the weakening of ultraviolet rays near the ground, which can increase the activity of infectious germs in the air and increase the number of infectious diseases.

2. The harm of haze to the environment

1. Impact on traffic

During haze weather, due to poor air quality and low visibility, it is easy for traffic jams to occur Rear-end collisions affect the normal traffic order and cause changes to everyone's travel. When driving on a daily basis, you should pay more attention to the road conditions to avoid danger.

　2. Impact on life

Haze weather has an important impact on roads, railways, aviation, shipping, power supply systems, crop growth, etc. Fog and haze will cause a decline in air quality, affect the ecological environment, and cause greater harm to human health.

Prevention of harm from haze:

1. Go out less

Reducing going out is the most effective way to protect yourself. According to the PM2.5-related epidemiological study conducted in Xi'an by Huang Wei, a researcher at the Center for Environment and Health, a cutting-edge interdisciplinary researcher at Peking University, and others published in the top international epidemiological journal "American Epidemiology" in 2012, after excluding After adjusting for factors such as age, gender, time effect and meteorological factors, when the PM2.5 concentration increases by 103 micrograms/cubic meter, the excess mortality risk of residents from all causes of death will increase by 2.29%, with a lag time of 1-2 days. The excess risk of death increased by cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases is even higher, at 3.08%. If you must go out, don't ride a bicycle, avoid rush hours with heavy traffic and roads with lots of driving, to avoid inhaling more chemicals. It is also best not to drive a private car and take public transportation more often to contribute to reducing PM2.5.

　2. Wear a mask when going out

If you go out, you can wear a mask, which can effectively prevent dust particles from entering the body. Cotton masks are best because some people are allergic to non-woven fabrics, while most people are not allergic to cotton masks and they are easy to clean. In addition, choose the right mask. Ordinary masks have little effect on 2.5 micron air particles. To block PM2.5, you need a medical N95 mask, which can resist 95% of 0.3 micron particles. It can also be used in weather when PM2.5 is at an all-time high. It has a certain effect. You must buy a regular and qualified N95 mask that matches your face size. After taking it off, wait until the inside is dry and then fold it in half to prevent the moisture from breathing in the mask from breeding bacteria. It should not be worn for too long, and the elderly and people with cardiovascular disease should avoid wearing it to avoid difficulty breathing and causing dizziness.

3. Good personal hygiene

After going out and entering indoors, you should wash your face, gargle, clean your nasal cavity in time, and remove the pollutant residues attached to your body to prevent PM2.5 from harming the human body. hazards. It is best to use warm water when washing your face to help wash away the particles on your face. When cleaning the nasal cavity, you can use a clean cotton swab dipped in water to clean it repeatedly, or you can repeatedly use your nose to gently absorb water and blow your nose quickly, and avoid choking. In addition to facial cleansing, exposed parts of the body should also be washed.

4. Open windows less often in hazy weather

Experts say that in hazy weather, try not to open windows. If you really need to open a window for ventilation, you should try to avoid the peak hours of morning and evening smog. You can open the window a little for ventilation, and the time is preferably half an hour to an hour at a time. At the same time, residents whose homes are heated by air conditioners should open windows for ventilation to ensure sufficient indoor oxygen. You can plant more green plants on your balcony, terrace, or indoors. Green crown-leaf plants such as pothos, dieffenbachia, and tiger orchid have relatively strong adsorption capacity because of their larger leaves.

You can also use an air purifier. 80% of the air purifiers on the market mainly purify fine particles in the air and have a good adsorption effect on PM2.5, but you should pay attention to changing the filter element frequently when using it.

5. Eat a light diet and drink more water

On foggy days, you should choose foods that are light, easy to digest and rich in vitamins, drink more water, and eat more fresh vegetables and fruits. This will not only Supplementing various vitamins and inorganic salts can also moisten the lungs and remove dryness, eliminate phlegm and relieve cough, and strengthen the spleen and kidneys. Eat less irritating food and eat more pears, loquats, oranges, tangerines and other lung-clearing and phlegm-clearing foods.

6. Supplement appropriate amounts of vitamin D

This season has a lot of fog and less sunshine. Due to insufficient ultraviolet exposure, the production of vitamin D in the human body is insufficient, and some people will suffer from laziness and depression. If necessary, you can add some vitamin D.

7. Smoking less

Cigarettes, cigars and pipes will produce a lot of fine particulate matter in the PM2.5 category when they are not completely burned. Tobacco smoke contains more than 7,000 compounds. These include 69 carcinogens and 172 harmful substances, which will seriously harm the health of smokers themselves and those who inhale "second-hand smoke". In this hazy weather, it is even worse. Therefore, smokers should try to smoke as little as possible whether they go out or stay indoors in recent days.

Control of smog

Method 1 of smog control: Individual approach

1. Smog has repeatedly shown red lights, how to control it. Smog often lights up the red light, and the problems it causes to human health cannot be underestimated. To control smog, we must first start with ourselves!

2. Increase resource conservation, publicity and protection, and guide people around Everyone in the country practices a low-carbon green lifestyle, and everyone makes a contribution to environmental protection, so that when the energy is gathered, there will be great gains!

Smog control method two: Enterprises Control

1. Change the dust control method, from dust removal to dust suppression, from organized to unorganized.

2. From dust removal to dust suppression. Traditional dust removal technology has many disadvantages, such as secondary pollution caused by water dust removal, unstable effects of bag dust removal due to the bonding of filter materials, and high costs caused by electrostatic dust removal. Dust suppression technology treats dust from the source. Dust suppression means suppressing dust and suppressing the occurrence of dust from the source. This naturally eliminates the need for "dust removal" after dust occurs. This concept comes from Biomedikon.

3. From organized to unorganized. Organized emissions mostly exist at relatively well-constructed and standardized work sites; unorganized emissions occupy an important position in my country's atmospheric emissions pollution. Therefore, we need to change the governance method. For unorganized governance, we can use current BME bionanofilm dust suppression technology, cloud dust suppression technology, wet dust collection technology, BME unorganized emission technology, etc.

The third method of controlling smog: government governance

1. The government needs to promote technological innovation, actively develop new energy sources, and encourage everyone to actively use new energy sources instead of letting fossils become the main fuel. !

2. The government implements scientific development strategies and increases environmental protection! Don’t let the pain of smog become the pain of our breathing. It was not formed in a day, so we cannot count on it. It can be managed well, and it also requires joint efforts from all aspects of our work. The recruitment of civil servants for haze control in Beijing in 2014 is a great measure to control haze. I hope that this measure can bring certain results to Beijing's air pollution control. , let us look forward to the return of blue skies and white clouds!

The occurrence of haze weather will cause certain harm to our bodies and the environment, but the air quality depends on all of us to maintain it. For the sake of our health, from now on everyone should take measures such as wearing masks when going out and opening fewer windows when the haze weather comes. In normal times, we should also drive as little as possible, plant more trees, and participate in more green activities. Maintain and improve our living environment.

Smog weather is certainly scary, but in the decoration industry, we must also learn to avoid "indoor haze". Many invisible formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia, radioactive radon, dust, etc. are considered "indoor haze" "Decoration can be said to be the source of pollutants. Only when the source is controlled can "indoor smog" be prevented to the greatest extent. The source of indoor smog control is: selecting materials that meet standards, combined with construction that meets standards, and choosing trustworthy ones. Decoration company, we recommend everyone to apply for Tubatu Decoration Warranty. Professional decoration and maintenance supervision will help us identify the authenticity of decoration materials, and provide free door-to-door decoration construction quality inspection to fully guarantee the quality of our decoration! <<>>