Who are the famous businessmen in Shaanxi?

Among many Shaanxi businessmen in Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Zhao family in Xiaoyi Town, Weinan is second to none. In the late Qing Dynasty, there was a folk song "Song of famine years" circulating in Shaanxi, and Zhao was in the lyrics. "Xiaoyi Town was originally under the jurisdiction of Weinan, and Zhao Laowu was also considered a rich household in Guanzhong." The famous novel "officialdom in the sky" in the late Qing Dynasty comes from the top of one of the descendants of Zhao in Xiaoyi Town, which shows the influence of Zhao family in the whole country at that time. The Zhao family used the salt policy to make farmers rich from the early Ming Dynasty, and the family assets were millions. In the Qing dynasty, it was mainly to do business and get rich, and all of them were rich households. Master Zhao wants to run salt industry, cloth shop, pawn shop, teahouse and grain shop. And there are many commercial shops in Xi and Xianyang. The descendants of the Zhao family said that "the money earned by the Zhao family every year is shipped back from outside. The mode of transportation is people pick, horses carry, and groups. This kind of money is often accompanied by bodyguards, so it is called dart silver. When the Zhao family issued the silver dart, the first half had already entered the Zhao family courtyard, and the second half was still in Weihe Beach. The burden of carrying silver is eight miles long. " At that time, there were three richest people in Xiaoyi Town, Yan, Liu and Zhan, who were as rich as Zhao. At that time, two proverbs circulating in Weinan were "silver of filial piety, mosquito of Chishui".

Hejia, Hejiawa Village, Yang Guo Town, Weinan, was a famous banker in Shaanxi in the Qing Dynasty. He has 36 pawn shops in Shaanxi and Northwest China, and each pawn shop has two money shops on the same street, that is, there are 72 money shops. At that time, it took at least 22 thousand silver to run a pawnshop, which shows that any family has strong financial resources. He Jia is the leader of Shaanxi's money industry since the middle and late Qing Dynasty, and a word from He Jia's boss can influence Shaanxi's finance. Besides pawning, He Jia also has shop names in Sichuan, Lanzhou, Xinjiang and other places, dealing in fur and tea. There are many shops all over the country, so any boss doesn't have to stay in other people's shops when he travels to Sichuan. He's pawnshop is somewhat similar to today's national chain stores. In terms of construction, it is built by its own timber and craftsmen, thus ensuring that the appearance of any pawnshop is consistent throughout the country. After getting rich, the royal family bought a lot of real estate, from Yang Guo Town to Fiona Fang and Yancun, which was the property of the royal family, and bought the highway from Yang Guo Town to the county seat. Xi 'an also has many royal houses. He Jia Wa Jiu Xiang, He Jia Shili. He Jia also built the "He Jia Guild Hall" in the village to facilitate the local pawnshop shopkeeper to return to the village for reimbursement. This kind of private guild hall is rare in the history of China Guild Hall. After he became rich, he also did a lot of public welfare undertakings that benefited the township party. He Jia has set up two "markets" in Hejiawa. One is the "ancient market" on April 10, during which he sang big plays to attract merchants from all over the world. He claimed that all farm tools and livestock brought for sale at the meeting would never be taken back by hard-working towns and villages before they were sold out. The other is the labor market. He claimed that whoever came to the "people's market" in the west of the village and was unemployed would be taken over by He.

In addition, I don't know how to use the money, and there are twenty or thirty companies like Banqiao Changjia in Weinan, Qiang Baiwen in Dali, Wangchangjia in Hancheng, and Bannvjing Lijia in Bayu Township, Dali County. Wen Jia runs a salt well in Qiangbai, Dali, and his family is also a big landlord. One year, her mother saw that the warehouse was full of grain and asked her son unhappily, why is there not much grain in our house? My son took her mother to the cellar where she hid the silver, and saw thousands of pieces of silver ingots piled there, more than the grain harvested. Wen's mother died laughing. The Li family has been doing business for generations, and has stores in Ann, Lanzhou, Shanghai and other places. Known as "travel all over the world, don't eat in other restaurants, don't stay in other stores." When the Hui people in Shaanxi and Gansu revolted, the Qing army dug up more than 10 million pieces of silver from a cellar in the Li family. Later, the Hui rebels surrounded the walls of the Li family. At first, the family fought back with bricks. When the bricks are finished, they move out of the cellar and throw silver ingots, which shows the wealth of the Li family.

Shaanxi businessmen with rich families as the main body and strong commercial capital staged a vigorous historical drama of commodity economy in the 500-year history of Ming and Qing Dynasties.