Civil engineering practice report 1

The milling workshop and office building of Shaanxi Poly Grain Products Co., Ltd. 1# were designed by Chang 'an University Engineering Design and Research Institute and undertaken by the First Project Department of Baoji Second Construction Project. Baoji Erjian is a good engineering team. The project manager, chief engineer, technician, documenter Shi and laboratory technician Yang gave me cordial guidance and education, which made me learn the necessary abilities and qualities as a builder of engineering design and management.

Here I want to focus on the design description of the project.

Description of office building design:

The office building is a frame structure with three floors and four local floors, with durability of 50 years, building category III, fire resistance grade II and seismic fortification intensity of 7 degrees. The standard elevation of 0.000 is equal to the absolute elevation of the Yellow Sea system, which is determined by the field boundary threshold.

Description of structural design: This project is a frame structure, the seismic intensity is 7 degrees, and the seismic grade of the frame is Grade III. The design earthquake group is the first group, and the service life of the structure is 50 years. The safety level is Grade II, and the main live load values are as follows:

0.5KN/ on the roof /2.0KN/ on the office building/

Stair 2.5KN/ owner's roof 2.0KN/

Material: concrete strength grade: C 10 is used as the foundation cushion, and C30 is used as the foundation.

Column beam slab adopts C30.

Mortar strength grade: machine-made hollow brick above 0.000 MU 10.

MU 10 cement mortar

KP 1 type non-load-bearing hollow brick below 0.000

M7.5 mixed mortar

Steel bar:? Said hpb235 (Ⅰ) grade steel bar.

Section steel: Q235

Building construction technology and technology

Practical content

1: Woodworking

1) Types and manufacturing methods of templates;

2) Quality standards for formwork installation of various structures;

3) Quality standard for formwork installation of cast-in-place structure;

4) Time and sequence of dismantling the cast-in-place structure template;

5) Precautions for template removal;

6) Methods and requirements for template cleaning, stacking and maintenance;

2. Reinforcement worker

1) Types and appearance characteristics of reinforcement;

2) Welding methods and quality requirements of steel bars;

3) Method and technology of cold working of steel bar;

4) Binding method and quality requirements of reinforcement;

5) lap length requirements for steel binding;

6) Control method of protective layer thickness of various components;

7) Master concealed works; Recording methods and main contents;

3. Concrete workers

1) Types, specifications and mixing principles of mixers;

2) Type and scope of application of vibrator;

3) Conversion of construction mixture ratio and mark content;

4) Design and treatment of construction joints;

5) Concrete curing methods and requirements;

6) Causes of concrete surface defects and preventive treatment methods;

7) Quality inspection content of concrete engineering

When entering the project site, the main body of the project has been basically completed, and it is impossible to fully contact the above internship content. Here, according to my personal participation, several technologies are described as follows:

1 map reading

This is the first step into the work, and it is also the most basic and important step. We spent a week carefully reading the construction drawings, structural construction drawings, pipeline construction drawings, electrical construction drawings, etc. , and combined with the actual situation, find out the mistakes and unreasonable places in the drawings. And learn to calculate the dosage of concrete, steel bars, templates, steel pipes, blocks and mortar according to the drawings. It is necessary to calculate the safety and reinforcement of columns under large bias and small bias.

At the same time, we should learn to work out the construction organization design scheme and control the progress, quality and safety. In the process of drawing recognition, we have come into contact with the representation method of plane reinforcement drawing that we have not learned before. The ability to read maps is a basic skill and the foundation of all work. Our aim is to use materials reasonably, control costs, and not waste too much while ensuring quality and safety.

2 concrete construction:

The only concrete construction I participated in in in the project was the top capping pouring of 1# milling workshop. The work started at 7 pm and didn't finish until 5 am. 8 hours before pouring, first check whether the preparation work before pouring is in place, mainly check the specifications, dimensions, quantity and position of the magic plate, steel bar, protective layer and embedded parts, check the support stability of the template and the tightness of the joint, fill in the construction record at any time, and solve the problems immediately when found.

After pouring, it is necessary to ensure that the concrete does not segregate during transportation and is poured continuously in layers. There are basically no construction joints, and emergency rescue teams are always on standby to ensure the smooth implementation of pouring work. The later curing of concrete is very important, especially to prevent cracks.

Practice has proved that the common cracks in concrete are mostly surface cracks with different depths, mainly due to the sudden drop of temperature in cold areas caused by temperature gradient, which is easy to form cracks. Therefore, the thermal insulation of concrete is particularly important to prevent early cracks on the surface.

From the point of view of temperature stress, thermal insulation shall meet the following requirements:

1) to prevent concrete temperature difference between inside and outside and concrete surface gradient, to prevent surface cracks.

2) In order to prevent concrete from freezing, the lowest temperature of concrete during construction should be no lower than the stable temperature of concrete during use.

3) Prevent the old concrete from supercooling, so as to reduce the constraint between new and old concrete.

The main purpose of early curing of concrete is to maintain suitable temperature and humidity conditions, so as to achieve two effects. On the one hand, it can protect concrete from adverse temperature and humidity deformation and prevent harmful cold shrinkage and dry shrinkage. On the one hand, the hydration of cement goes smoothly to achieve the designed strength and crack resistance. Appropriate temperature and humidity conditions are interrelated. Thermal insulation measures often have a moisturizing effect on blood coagulation. Theoretically, the water content of fresh concrete can completely meet the requirements of cement hydration. However, due to evaporation and other reasons, it often causes water loss, thus delaying or preventing the hydration of cement, and the surface concrete is most easily and directly affected by this adverse effect. Therefore, the first few days after concrete pouring is the key period of maintenance, and more attention should be paid in construction.

Therefore, in the process of construction, we should handle these incidents carefully and deal with them according to different situations.

These problems should be paid attention to in the construction, and what kind of cement and dosage should be paid attention to in the construction.

3 Masonry engineering

Masonry engineering usually includes leveling, setting-out, laying brick template, drying skin, drawing lines, laying ash, discarding profits and quality inspection.

Pay-off is the work that must be completed after the main body is completed and before the wall is laid. It is necessary to ensure that the beam bears all the gravity of the wall.

Internship location 2: R&D office building of Yangling Tianyuan Industrial Co., Ltd.