What are the profit models of the website? Bonus points!

Answer 1

Internationally popular network applications can be roughly divided into three platforms: interactive platform (communication, dating, entertainment), media platform (information release) and business platform (support various transactions).

According to the current domestic situation, it can be divided into:

1. Relying on website advertising to obtain income--one of the main models in the early Internet era, requiring website visits to reach a certain scale. The number of visits per capita must be at least 10,000, such as the three major portals.

2. Cooperate with the traditional media industry and charge for the value-added services of the website, such as: free downloads of current affairs programs provided by Phoenix.com, and free movies and TV programs from Internet Star

3. E-commerce websites, B2C, B2B. Online sales, membership fee system, or commission on transaction volume, such as: Dangdang Online Bookstore, eBay, Alibaba

4. The combination of the Internet and the telecommunications industry, providing services such as text messages and ringtone downloads, such as: Wana PUMP

5. Online games, the profit growth point of China’s Internet in 2003

6. Online educational websites that provide E-Learning, such as: New Oriental

7. Recruitment websites charge corporate membership fees. Such as: China Talent Hotline

8. Use instant messaging to publish advertisements and charge fees in combination with text messages, such as: Tencent's QQ

9. Use "social networks" to establish online dating websites, Based on integrity, we realize "getting to know friends through friends" and allow users to expand their real social circles through the Internet. Providing paid services with virtual communities as the core - an emerging Internet profit model being explored

Answer 2

In mid-1985, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Decision on the Reform of the Science and Technology System" "It was decided: "For high-tech development work that changes rapidly and has high risks, venture capital can be established to support it." In September of the same year, the State Council approved the establishment of my country's first venture capital company specializing in high-tech --- China High-Tech Venture Capital Corporation has been investing in venture capital in China for nearly 20 years. As an "incubator" and "engine", venture capital provides opportunities again and again for the development of China's small and medium-sized enterprises. Today, when a new stage of development appears before us, if small and medium-sized enterprises want to obtain venture capital, they should first understand venture capital.

1. Characteristics of venture capital

There have always been multiple understandings of venture capital. In comparison, the definition of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OCED) is broader. It believes that any investment in innovative products or services that are based on high technology and knowledge and are intensive in production and management technology can be regarded as venture capital. Its main characteristics are:

1. It pursues expected high returns at the expense of taking high risks. Under normal circumstances, venture capital bears eye-poppingly high coefficient risks including technical risks, management risks, market risks, etc., and the investment success rate is low. The reason why some venture capital companies are willing to invest in this seemingly low investment The success rate is "successful" because this low success rate contains extremely high rates of return.

2. It is a professional investment. Venture capital is not simply limited to providing funds to enterprises. Many venture capital companies will also use their experts in various fields to provide enterprises with consulting related to business management based on their professional experience and knowledge, and even directly participate in the decision-making activities of enterprises. .

3. It lasts for a long time and is a long-term investment. Throughout the entire growth process of venture companies, they generally need to go through several stages such as the seed stage, introduction stage, growth stage, and maturity stage. During this period, venture capital companies also need to make incremental investments in seemingly promising companies. Generally, this process It takes at least 3-5 years.

4. It is an equity investment. Venture capital companies do not value income such as interest income or dividend income as much as ordinary long-term investments. Instead, they are very concerned about the appreciation of the assets of venture companies in order to obtain high returns in the future through exit mechanisms such as listing or sale.

2. The role of venture capital in the development of small and medium-sized enterprises

1. Provide an effective financing channel for small and medium-sized enterprises. As we all know, financing difficulties have always been a bottleneck hindering the development and growth of my country's small and medium-sized enterprises, especially in the early stages of entrepreneurship and growth. Many uncertain factors make it risky, and limited assets make it difficult to build on mortgage methods. Financing activities, but venture capital companies have brought funds to the development of these small and medium-sized enterprises, becoming the first choice for financing of many small and medium-sized enterprises.

2. Promote the management level of small and medium-sized enterprises. After venture capital companies make venture investments in small and medium-sized enterprises, out of consideration for investment returns, they will provide more professional management consulting opinions to the enterprises, and even participate in business management. It should be said that in many cases, venture capital companies are Bringing advanced modern management concepts and funds to the enterprise.

3. Promote technological innovation and industrial structure upgrading of small and medium-sized enterprises. Compared with large enterprises, there is a certain gap between small and medium-sized enterprises in terms of financial strength, management level and market development. From the perspective of Porter's competitive strategy theory, small and medium-sized enterprises cannot achieve "cost-effectiveness" in the competition with large enterprises. "Leading", while the "concentration" and "differentiation" strategies based on technological innovation can open up a bright road for small and medium-sized enterprises. When venture capital invests in small and medium-sized enterprises, it pays more attention to core technologies with market potential. This requires small and medium-sized enterprises to continuously carry out technological innovation. While technological innovation does, it also greatly accelerates the upgrading process of its industrial structure.

3. Issues that should be paid attention to in attracting venture capital

Although venture capital has a special preference for small and medium-sized enterprises, in order to truly stand out from many invested companies and obtain venture capital Favored by the company, for companies that are hungry for funds, they cannot passively adapt, but must take the initiative to learn related knowledge about venture capital.

First of all, we must have a basic understanding of the steps of venture capital. Whether it is a direct application or an indirect application, small and medium-sized enterprises must go through the following steps to obtain venture capital funds:

1. Business Preparation of the plan;

2. Submission of application documents;

3. Review of the business plan by the venture capital company;

4. Project inspection by the venture capital company Or enterprise;

5. Venture capital company evaluates the project or enterprise

6. Negotiate with venture capital company;

7. Sign relevant documents with venture capital company ;

8. Obtain venture capital funds;

9. Venture capital funds exit through listing or sale.

Secondly, in addition to understanding the specific steps to obtain venture capital, small and medium-sized enterprises also need to pay attention to the following issues in the process of attracting venture capital:

1. Understand the operating model of venture capital. Before deciding to draft a business plan, entrepreneurs of small and medium-sized enterprises should actively understand the operating model of venture capital in detail. In particular, those entrepreneurs who started with technology need to pay attention to the fact that "excellent technology does not mean a broad market." "Venture capital companies focus not just on a single technology, but on a profit model that integrates first-class technology, a broad market, and an excellent management team.

2. Reasonably evaluate the value of the enterprise. The assessment of the value of the enterprise by small and medium-sized enterprises will fully reflect the business style of the enterprise. It should be known that professionals in the venture capital company will conduct a re-evaluation based on the enterprise's self-assessment, and the venture capital company will also consult the widest range of professional experts. Waiting for opinions from all aspects, small and medium-sized enterprises can only leave a good impression on venture capital companies by seeking truth from facts, fully demonstrating their advantages, and proposing practical improvement plans for their disadvantages.

3. Provide a complete business plan. One of the basis for screening and evaluation of venture capital companies is the company's business book.

The business plan actually allows small and medium-sized enterprises to practice the project completely on paper. The business plan will prove the company's capabilities to the venture capital company and demonstrate the pros and cons of the project. A complete business plan reflects entrepreneurial ideas, careful planning and management qualities, as well as the entrepreneur's strong desire to succeed and his responsible attitude towards the venture capital company. It is also a good idea to hire a professional consultant to complete the business plan.

4. Establish a clear financial system. Accounting confusion is the biggest obstacle in the financing process. Unclear accounting has become one of the important reasons why small and medium-sized enterprises have difficulty in successfully financing. Therefore, if companies want to obtain venture capital, they should establish a clear financial system to provide a basis for data analysis for the financing process.

5. Fully demonstrate corporate integrity. For small and medium-sized enterprises, good credit is a precious resource, which is closely related to the company's product sales, market share, corporate image, and development sustainability. Throughout the entire process of contact with venture capital companies, small and medium-sized enterprises should always adhere to integrity and actively eliminate factors that cause information asymmetry.

In order to successfully obtain venture capital, small and medium-sized enterprises must not only have a certain understanding of venture capital, but more importantly, know how to improve the core competition of the enterprise in a targeted manner based on the evaluation requirements of venture capital companies. Only in this way can small and medium-sized enterprises truly gain the favor of venture capital.

How to obtain venture capital

From idea to entrepreneurship. If a good idea wants to seek the support of venture capital, the most important thing is to make the venture investor believe that this is a project with development prospects. , and a group of outstanding technical talents and operators can ensure the implementation of this project. For venture investors, the human factor is crucial, and it is not feasible to obtain funds based on just an idea.

When contacting venture capital, you first need to understand whether the other party is interested in your project industry. While understanding the investment standards or requirements of venture capitalists, entrepreneurs or financing companies must understand whether they are Evaluation is conducted in compliance with these requirements: first, to evaluate the competitive advantage and growth potential of the project or corporate business, and second, to evaluate the qualifications and ability of each major member of the project or corporate management to undertake tasks. Then prepare a business plan that details the advancement, maturity, market conditions and forecasts, production and marketing feasibility, management team and management, cost structure and investment profit of your financing project.

Many creative people or entrepreneurs often call the managers of venture capital firms and ask for an appointment, hoping to explain their financing needs and development potential in person. Some even think, "As long as you give me a chance, I will be able to convince them." However, almost all fund managers will arrange such a visit only after receiving an investment proposal or business plan. Because if investors know nothing about the financing project, they will not be able to ask targeted questions. From creativity to entrepreneurship, preparing a business plan is the first step. It also shows that you not only have an "invention that hits your head", but also have plans, determination and specific plans to start a business. After the investor reads the business plan, he will decide whether to meet with the financiers and prepare many questions for the interview. This time, you can bring your samples, various relevant materials, and forms, review the questions that venture investors may ask listed by the investment consultant, and go face to face with the fund manager.

Venture investors attach great importance to the management of financing companies. But at the seed stage, there was no management team assembled except for one creative person. So, what to do? In this regard, some investment experts have summarized the following experiences to enable entrepreneurs to obtain seed funds from venture capitalists without being restricted by management flaws.

1. Ensure that the technology or operation is novel and unique and has broad market prospects.

"In any case, you must ensure that your technology is advanced and the market prospects are good enough to establish and maintain the growth and development of a well-known large company, and it does not require a large number of manpower to stay on the production line. .

"

-- (Forward Ventures) Fleming

"If the venture's products and markets appear to have exciting development opportunities, we will help them overcome management deficiencies. . " --(Dougary Ventures) John Dougary

"We can take risks in trading operations, but we cannot take risks in product development. "

--(Bachow & Associates) Sao Grasso

The novel and unique technology must be based on the existence of sufficient market demand. When developing new products, it is necessary to consider the needs of target market customers Consumption habits and understanding. You must know that the time to cultivate customers to use new products may be longer than venture investors can wait, so how can you talk about high market growth? In addition, uniqueness should make your product more popular. The product will remain in the market for a long period of time and will not be counterfeited. Even if it is a patented product, there is a risk that its technical core can be transformed with minor adjustments.

2. The market capacity is large enough.

The development of seed products, that is, the transformation of scientific research results, usually takes a long time and the development costs are high. If the market capacity is not large enough, it will be difficult for venture companies to recover their investment costs.

3. Have a comprehensive vision for team building and human resources

If an entrepreneur pays attention to hiring key talents, hiring complementary talents, and hiring professional managers in terms of human resources, investors will think you have the skills. Management awareness and team spirit. The key talents of an enterprise can be divided into two types: one is talents with unique professional skills such as technology and marketing; the other is talents with management skills. The ideal situation is that these key talents also have.

4. Talk to investment advisors

Experts can help entrepreneurs quickly outperform their competitors and get you in front of venture capitalists. Look more professional. Investment consultants will increase your success rate in financing.

Show a willingness to seek venture capital for good ideas. The most important thing to support is to make venture investors believe that this is a project with development prospects, and that there is a group of excellent technical talents and operators who can ensure the implementation of this project. For venture investors, the human factor is crucial. Importantly, it is not feasible to obtain funds based on an idea alone.