Who has an appreciation for Picasso's Girl in avignon?

1907, Picasso painted this picture "The Girl of avignon". This is a cubist work completely divorced from the previous artistic techniques. At that time, it was inevitable to be ridiculed and accused by all walks of life. Picasso's friends also talked about this mutation, and the final comment was a total denial: Ole Stein said that he wanted to create four dimensions. Matisse said it was an atrocity and a mockery of modern sports, and vowed to "sink" Picasso. His good friend georges braque didn't give a compliment either. In his first comment, he just said, "This seems to mean that we should change and replace what we are used to with hemp chips and paraffin wax." A Russian collector said with emotion, "What a great loss to French art!"

The Girl in avignon created a new situation of French cubism, and Picasso and Braque also became the man of the hour of this painting school. This painting was painted in the spring of 1907.

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At the end of 1909, Picasso engaged in the creation of a significant work, which is a summary of his experience and marks the beginning of his future activities in the direction of modernism. This work is avignon's first work. The focus of this Spanish painter is not the color like Fauvism, but the form. He used flexible, layered, powerful, broad and universal plane modelling technique, and randomly combined the structure. These planes even go beyond a single object, including all the surrounding space. At this time, we have not achieved complete rational control over objects, but Picasso's paintings have led us on this road. It was not until 1909 that Picasso established a truly brand-new painting language, that is, to understand and analyze things from their connotations, not just to describe their images from their visual appearances.

The Maiden of avignon completely negates the traditional painting with three-dimensional space as its main purpose since the Renaissance. Picasso flatly abandoned the real description of the human body and assembled the whole human body with various geometric planes, which was the blasphemy of human beings to God at that time. At the same time, it abolished the spatial expression of French style, abandoned the deep feeling of the picture, and transformed the sense of quantity or three-dimensional elements into a sense of plane. This painting is not only influenced by Cezanne, but also clearly reflects the achievements of black sculpture art. The purpose of strengthening deformation is also to increase its appeal. Picasso said, "I drew my nose askew. After all, I want to force people to pay attention. "

This painting has a great influence on the art world. When it was on display, Montmartre's artists thought he was crazy. Matisse said it was a kind of "incitement", and some people said it was a kind of "suicide". Some people are puzzled, others are furious. Braque, a painter influenced by Cezanne, was also surprised, but he knew that another art form had been born. This newly created modeling principle has become the object pursued by cubism and later modern painting. The Maiden of avignon is not only a turning point in Picasso's life, but also a great breakthrough in art history. Without this painting, cubism might not have been born. So people call it a milestone in the development of modern art.

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At the beginning of the 20th century, a series of changes took place in the French painting circle: in the autumn of 1905, fauvism works were exhibited in the salon, and at the same time, exhibitions commemorating the death of this master were held in Cezanne Art Museum and 1906. These unconventional exhibitions had a great influence on Picasso (Barbro Luize Picasso 18 1- 18). From 1900 to Paris, and settled in France after 1904) and a large number of young painters with exploratory spirit have a decisive influence. 1907 In the spring, Picasso synthesized various influences and created the epoch-making Maiden of avignon. The motive for creating this painting is that when the painter accidentally visited the Museum of Anthropology in Paris, he was attracted by the simple, weird and rough shapes of African indigenous art, especially the black sculpture, and got inspiration from it, and began to create the "black art period". However, Cezanne's later nude paintings of Bath women also gave him concrete inspiration.

This painting has no uniform composition, the color is dull and blunt, and the figures who are pointing fingers have no sense of volume. The deformed faces of the girls in the painting are the result of Picasso's exploration of Iberian and African black sculptures. The influence from all directions makes this painting a bit eclectic and contradictory. The painter tried to combine geometric figures with geometric figures in a closed background, but the whole idea, picture image and space treatment all announced that a new direction of modern painting-cubism art had been born.

The Complete Works of Van Gogh /kj/myweb/ Van Gogh Mountain/Van Gogh Qihua/Niu Nan11883-85-1.htm.

On a starry moonlit night

Saint remy 1889.6

Oil painting 73.7×92. 1cm

Existing: new york Art Museum.

[History]:

1On May 8, 889, Van Gogh came to Saint Remy, 25 kilometers away from Al, and was treated in a mental hospital. At that time, the doctor allowed him to go out to sketch during the day. The village in this painting is Saint Remy. In June, after he was hospitalized for one month, he painted this picture. This painting is now in the new york Museum of Modern Art..

[Van Gogh said]:

Van Gogh became interested in cypress trees during his stay in San Remy. "I've been thinking about cypress. I'm surprised I didn't draw them. I want to paint them like sunflowers. The lines and proportions of cypress trees are like the pyramids in Egypt. "

At that time, Van Gogh had given up his belief in traditional Christianity, but ... "Religion can be said to be what I need very much. So I went out to draw stars at night. "

[Curator]:

I'm afraid this painting is one of Van Gogh's most famous works. I tried to comment on her, but I didn't know where to start at the moment ... On the left of the picture is a cypress tree, a burning cypress tree! There are stars in the sky, and they are rolling ... This town seems to be shrouded in some kind of uneasiness ... Is The Night of Saint Remy really twisted and rolled like Van Gogh wrote ... What does Van Gogh, who is mentally ill, want to tell us with this painting? He wants to choose death? , or ...

Whenever I observe this painting, I always have a strange feeling: her lines are so rough and the whole picture is so chaotic, but her effect is shocking! I think it can only be described as shock. Maybe when you understand Van Gogh's predicament at that time, you will naturally feel a kind of emotion, maybe depression, maybe depression, but I believe it is an anger!

One thing I want to clarify is that Van Gogh is a very excitable person, but he is by no means crazy! When painting, he is extremely awake. He paints fast, but he is by no means talking nonsense. Just like this "Starry Night", the composition is very particular.

[About this painting]:

The classic folk song Vincent (Starry Night) is based on this painting.

[opinion]:

This starry sky is the feeling of Van Gogh's world (the evolution of the universe) buried deep in his soul ... Nebulae and ridges are like a dragon, dark green and brown cypresses are like a huge flame, rising from the depths of the earth ... Everything seems to be spinning, turning, boring and shaking, emitting gorgeous colors in the night sky ...-"the world famous paintings and the Master-Van Gogh"

The Netherlands has been painting moonlight scenery since ancient times, but like Van Gogh, there are unprecedented painters who can show solemn and mysterious awe of the universe in the night sky ... On the one hand, they express their excitement and depression, on the other hand, the picture composition has also been accurately calculated. In this painting, trees are used to set off the sky to achieve a delicate balance in composition. From this point, we can understand that it is impossible to draw by passion alone. -"

Introduction to van Gogh

"His life is the hardest, hardest and most brilliant life that people have ever experienced ..."

Van Gogh, 37, shot himself in despair. ...

Today, Van Gogh has become a great artist, an alien, eternal genius and an ascetic in the history of art ...-[Van Gogh Art Museum]

/kloc-Vincent Van Gogh, a great artist in the 0/9th century, was born in a pastor's family in Dherdt, southern Netherlands on March 30th, 853. His father is Theodore Lu Van Gogh, a local priest. His mother's name is Anna cornelia. Four years later, Van Gogh's younger brother Theo was born. He was the staunchest supporter and admirer of Van Gogh in his life.

Van Gogh didn't like learning when he was a child, but he was very talented in language. He can speak English, German and French, and he can also write letters with them. Together with the Latin and Greek he learned when he later studied religion, and his native Dutch, he can speak six languages in all. This shows that Van Gogh is a very clever man, and he is not a madman! This must be clarified! Please read the article "You can't describe him as a madman".

186 1 year, van Gogh entered primary school. 1869, 16-year-old Van Gogh entered the Hague branch of Paris courier company (the largest gallery in Europe at that time) under the introduction of Vincent, an artist with the same name as Van Gogh. This shop was founded by Uncle Vincent. The current manager is a young Mr. Testiger. This shop sells copies of oil paintings and famous paintings. Van Gogh worked as a shop assistant there. Later, due to his excellent work, he was transferred to the London branch. Van Gogh's simple, sincere and enthusiastic personality made others like him very much, and his future seemed bright, because his uncle was one of the largest art dealers in Europe at that time, and he was regarded as the ideal successor of this famous art dealer.

Van Gogh learned a lot of artistic knowledge and read a lot of literary works through his work these days (Van Gogh loved reading all his life, as can be seen from his letters), which made him have a high artistic appreciation at an early age, which also laid the foundation for him to become an outstanding artist in the future. His favorite painters are Miller, Rembrandt, Brayton and others.

187 1 year, my father was transferred to Helvette.

/kloc-in the summer of 0/872, Van Gogh returned to Helvette to visit his parents and met his younger brother Theo, who was studying abroad. In August, Theo went to The Hague, and Van Gogh and his younger brother had a pleasant and unforgettable day. After Theo left, they started a lifelong correspondence. These 650 letters written by Van Gogh to Theo are the most important information for us to know about Van Gogh. (Please see Van Gogh's letters on this website)

1873, Theo began to work in the Brussels branch of Gubil Company and became a colleague with Van Gogh.

1874, Van Gogh failed to propose to his landlord's daughter in London, which was the first great blow. Desperate, he lost his enthusiasm for his work, and his customers and colleagues had a lot of complaints about him. Finally, at the beginning of 1876, Van Gogh was fired by Gubil Company.

Van Gogh found a job as a teacher through an advertisement in the newspaper. 1in April, 876, he came to Ramsgate, a seaside town in England, and worked as an unpaid intern teacher in a school run by Mr. Stokes. In July, the school moved to Lovas, but after the probation period, Van Gogh still didn't get his salary. He began to look for another way out. At this time, he was lucky enough to know the local pastor Jones and work as a teaching assistant in the school run by the pastor. Later, he became an assistant priest, and even Van Gogh had his first missionary. This is exactly what he dreamed of, because after his love affair in London, he has devoted himself to religion and become a "religious fanatic".

In February 65438, Van Gogh went home for Christmas. I have never been back to England since then. The specific reason is unknown.

1877, with the help of Uncle Vincent, Van Gogh worked as a clerk in a bookstore in Dordrecht. But because he devoted himself to religion and neglected his work, he lost his job four months later.

1877 in may, with his father's consent, he came to Amsterdam and stayed at uncle John's house, then commander of the Dutch navy, to prepare for the entrance examination for the theological seminary. Van Gogh's uncle is a respected priest and found the best teacher for him. But because he was eager to engage in practical work and hated obscure Latin and Greek, he gave up continuing his studies.

1In July, 878, he entered the mission school in Brussels again, but he still didn't get the graduation letter.

In 65438+February of the same year, he resolutely went to the Japanese mining area in Borina to work as a priest. This is a place like hell. Miners lead an inhuman life, and gas explosions often occur. In order to give the miners the greatest help, Van Gogh lived and ate in the same shabby house, and gave them all his food and articles. Later, because of his "enthusiasm" and "ugly" image for his work, the church thought that he had damaged the image of the priest and fired him. But van Gogh's behavior was respected by miners, and some people regarded him as a saint.

After being fired again, Van Gogh did not leave immediately, but continued to volunteer for missionary and relief work. This time he is going to engage in art!

1880 10 on the recommendation of a friend, I went to Brussels to study and create.

188 1 In April, Van Gogh returned to Eton where his parents lived. He began to study and create paintings, and his family and relatives have begun to be disappointed with him (in fact, they have always been disappointed). But at this time, Van Gogh's deep passion for art has just begun to burn.

While at Eton College, he fell in love with his cousin Kay, who had just lost her husband (that is, the daughter of the priest uncle who had helped Van Gogh). He got along well with Kay, but when he proposed to her, he was rejected again! Kay fled back to Amsterdam. The infatuated Van Gogh went to Kay's parents' residence to find her, but Kay's father refused Van Gogh's request. Van Gogh put his hand on the lighted candle and deliberately set himself on fire. Kay's father finally had to blow out the candles ... Van Gogh left.

Van Gogh, who was hit again, came to The Hague. He got help from Anton Moff, a relative of the famous painter. Under the guidance of Muff, Van Gogh made rapid progress in painting skills. He was also supported by Testiger, manager of Gubil branch in The Hague. But later, for various reasons, such as Van Gogh rejected Muff's suggestion: painting plaster statues. However, it is more reasonable to say that Van Gogh finally broke up with Muff and Tessie because of his association with Sean. His life is in trouble again. He could only live on the money sent by his brother Theo every month, and this life supported by his brother continued until Van Gogh committed suicide.

1882 In February, Van Gogh met his daughter Sean and lived with her. Out of sympathy for his miserable life, Van Gogh decided to live a quiet life with Sean. Everyone is against their alliance, even Theo. They finally broke up.

In mid-September, after breaking up with Sean, Van Gogh left The Hague for Drenthe, northern Netherlands, and began to wander and create for several months.

1at the end of 883, 30-year-old Van Gogh came to his parents' new home in Newnan.

1On March 26th, 885, Van Gogh's father died. When Van Gogh finished one of his masterpieces (the so-called fame was evaluated by later generations, and no one knew Van Gogh at that time), people who ate potatoes. Van Gogh in this period was influenced by Dutch painters and Rembrandt. These paintings are deep and thick, with a strong local flavor. On the one hand, farmers like painting out of respect and admiration for workers, but also influenced by his spiritual mentor-Miller.

1885165438+10 In October, Van Gogh went to Antwerp to study and create. He began to admire Rubens and get in touch with Japanese ukiyo-e paintings.

1886 In February, Van Gogh suddenly went to Paris to live with his younger brother Theo. Theo was already a well-known art dealer at that time, and he highly admired Impressionists and neo-impressionism painters. Under the introduction of his younger brother, Van Gogh met painters such as paul gauguin, Emile Bernard, Toulouse-Lautrec, Camille pissarro and Seurat. I also met the donkey who deals in painting supplies. During this period, Van Gogh was deeply influenced by impressionist painting, and his pictures became bright and fresh, using some impressionist techniques such as stippling. At the same time, he also began to create famous self-portraits.

1888 At the beginning of the year, 35-year-old Van Gogh was tired of the city life in Paris and went to arles, a small town in the south of France, to look for the bright sunshine and boundless farmland he longed for. He rented the "Yellow House" and prepared to build a "painter's home" (also known as "Southern Studio"). His creation really reached a climax. Sunflower, Night Coffee-Outdoor, Night Coffee-Indoor, Harvest Scenery and Fishing Boat on the Coast are representative works of this period. But he still has to live on Theo's allowance.

During his stay in arles, Van Gogh met the postman Lu Lin, and the kind Lulin may be Van Gogh's only friend in arles. Van Gogh also painted many portraits of their family.

In June 65438+10, Gauguin came to Aier to live with Van Gogh, which Van Gogh dreamed of. In order to decorate Gauguin's house, he planned to paint a dozen (12) sunflowers, but unfortunately he didn't finish painting them. His feelings for Gauguin are complicated. He respected Gauguin very much, but because of the differences in personality and art, they often quarreled. Later, Van Gogh often went insane because of overwork. After arguing with Gauguin, he lost his mind and tried to "assassinate" Gauguin. After Gauguin left, Van Gogh returned to the "Yellow House", cut off a part of his right ear and gave it to a local girl ... This is the famous "ear cutting incident". Gauguin left, and Van Gogh's grand plan to establish a "painter's house" ended. He also fell into the quagmire of mental illness.

1889 In April, Theo got married.

In May, Van Gogh came to the monastery in Saint-Remy for psychiatric treatment with mixed feelings (Van Gogh should have epilepsy, and some people infer that Van Gogh has genetic factors of this disease because his family has this medical history).

He gets sick every once in a while, but he is usually extremely sober (epileptic patients are like ordinary people when they are not sick) and has created a lot of works. At this time, Van Gogh has completely surpassed Impressionism, formed his own unique style, and became a master of careful painting!

Van Gogh believed that painting should not only be satisfied with imitating the external image of things ... but should express the artist's subjective opinions and emotions while depicting nature with emotion and truth, so as to make the works have personality and unique style.

It can be said that expressing the artist's subjective feelings by painting is the theme of some painting schools and even the whole modern art, but at that time, Van Gogh and Gauguin were not known at all, so Van Gogh only sold one oil painting in his life, and his artistic creation in the past ten years was carried out with the support of Theo. Starry Moon Night is the most famous work in the period of Saint Remy, and it can also be said that it is the most famous one of all his works.

1890 In May, Van Gogh went to Paris to meet his younger brother Theo, his wife and their son who had just been born for more than a year (Van Gogh's nephew, also named Vincent Van Gogh, later became an excellent engineer, and the Van Gogh Art Museum in Amsterdam, the Netherlands was established at his urging. )

On may 2 1 day, van Gogh moved to Orville near Paris to be treated by Dr. gachet. Everything is going well. However, the famous work Rye and Crow is considered to have predicted the death of Van Gogh.

Sunday, July 27th. Van Gogh shot himself while he was out sketching! But he missed the point and was taken home. He refused to receive treatment. Others say that the bullet is too deep to be cured. )

On the morning of July 28th, Theo arrived in Orville. He sat beside Van Gogh's bed, remembering his childhood with him. ......

Van Gogh said, "The pain will last forever."

At dawn on July 29th, Van Gogh died.

On July 30th, a funeral was held. Only Theo, Gachet, Bernard, Lucian pissarro (son of the famous painter pissarro) and the donkey attended the funeral.

After committing suicide, in a letter found on Van Gogh, Van Gogh said, "Speaking of my career, I gave my life for it, because of it, my reason almost collapsed."

Theo was bedridden with grief and died six months after Van Gogh's death.

Later, he was buried with Van Gogh in Orville Cemetery. Their brother's story will touch the whole world.

Later, due to the efforts of Theo's wife Joanna, she lent Van Gogh's paintings to the exhibition. In fact, before Van Gogh died, critics praised him greatly, and his fame became bigger and bigger.

1907 Van Gogh's mother died. He lived until his son became famous, and she regretted throwing away Van Gogh's paintings.

Theo's wife Joanna sorted out Van Gogh's mountains of paintings and sketches, as well as hundreds of letters to Theo.

19 14, published by van Gogh's letters. Van Gogh's life is gradually known to people all over the world.

Joanna died on 1927.

1934 published "Longing for Life-Biography of Van Gogh". Today, this book has sold tens of millions of copies, and many people like Van Gogh through this book.

1962, with the efforts of Van Gogh's nephew, the Dutch government built the National Van Gogh Art Museum in Amsterdam to permanently collect Van Gogh's works and letters. This is also the art museum with the largest collection of Van Gogh's works.

1978 Van Gogh's nephew passed away. He witnessed the inauguration of the Van Gogh Art Museum.

Today, Van Gogh has become a world-famous master of art. ......

His portrait of Dr. Gascher still holds the highest auction record in the world-$82.5 million.

Van Gogh died at the age of 37, and his major works were completed in the last few years of his life. There are more than 800 oil paintings, 1000 sketches, watercolors, prints and other works. This site only selected some of the most representative works to show to you.

Van Gogh was a master of painting with the mind. He said, "My job is my body and soul. For it, I am willing to risk losing my life and reason. "

Van Gogh, Gauguin and Cezanne are all outstanding post-impressionist painters. They all surpass impressionist painting, are teachers of modern art, and are eternal stars that illuminate the history of human art!

Note: In March, Van Gogh's Sunflower 1987 was bought by An Tian Fire and Marine Insurance Company at a high price of 22.5 million pounds. (According to the latest price comparison, 1 GBP = 15. The RMB in 8 yuan is about 355.5 million yuan, or 355.5 million yuan. At another auction, Dr. Gachet's portrait was sold for $82.5 million, which still holds the highest record in the world art auction, about 684.75 billion yuan, which is really priceless. )