This paper introduces the reform scheme of endowment insurance system in public institutions.

Confirmed by Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the reform plan of endowment insurance system of public institutions has been issued, and it has been officially issued to Shanghai, Guangdong, Shaanxi, Zhejiang and Chongqing as a pilot. Let's take a look at the development process and current situation of the "endowment insurance system for public institutions".

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The current endowment insurance system for public institutions was established in 1955 and formed in 1978. It has gone through a long process from the implementation of the same old-age insurance system for contract workers in public institutions in the early 1990s to the pilot reform of old-age insurance in public institutions, and then to the pilot reform of old-age insurance system in public institutions in 2008. 1 1 The Social Insurance Law, which was implemented in July, has not yet incorporated the endowment insurance system of public institutions into national laws and regulations. Although after more than 20 years of reform, it is still in a very fragmented and semi-primitive state.

(ii) Status quo

1. The reform is slow and the legal basis is not operable.

The report of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly pointed out that it is necessary to "promote the reform of the basic old-age insurance system in enterprises, institutions and institutions". At present, the establishment and improvement of the old-age security system is based on the decisions and departmental documents of the State Council, such as Guo Fa [2005] No.38, Guo Fa [2008] 10, etc., and there is no comprehensive legislation formulated by the National People's Congress, which leads to the lack of authoritative basis for the reform of the old-age insurance system, and the standardization and seriousness are challenged by interest groups. The Constitution stipulates: "Citizens have the right to get material help from the state and society in case of old age, illness or incapacity to work. The state develops social insurance, social relief and medical and health undertakings that citizens need to enjoy these rights. " Among them, there are the theories of "rights" and "social insurance" for the elderly, but their provisions are too principled to be effective in practice. A comprehensive legislation with higher legislative level and finer provisions may better solve this problem.

2. The coverage is small, the level of social overall planning is low, and the burden of social security fund is heavy.

Because there is no unified policy in the country at present, the coverage of insurance varies from place to place. As far as the author's city is concerned, the participation scope of different districts and cities is also very different. Some include civil servants in the scope of old-age insurance, while others are limited to self-supporting institutions. As far as the whole country is concerned, most of the endowment insurance in urban institutions only includes contract workers, township employment cadres and all the staff of self-supporting institutions, with small coverage and low overall planning level. Influenced by the establishment system of public institutions and the arrival of an aging society, the number of new employees participating in endowment insurance is decreasing year by year, while retirees are increasing year by year. Therefore, with the passage of time, pension funds will make ends meet. According to the principle of "fixed income by expenditure, with a slight surplus", the proportion of employees paying endowment insurance premiums will be higher and higher, and the burden of endowment insurance funds will be heavier and heavier. Secondly, at present, after the retirees of public institutions retire, the pension is still paid according to a certain proportion of the basic salary before retirement, and the salary increase is determined according to the post level before retirement. The pension is not linked to the amount of my contribution, and it lacks social mutual assistance and overall planning, which invisibly increases the payment of the endowment insurance fund. Therefore, when the overall level of the endowment insurance fund is low, the fund burden will be heavier.

3. The awareness of participation is weak and it is difficult to raise funds.

First, due to the lack of corresponding laws and regulations, the compulsory force of the system is not enough, people lack understanding of the compulsory and mutual assistance of endowment insurance, and even equate it with commercial insurance, which has not attracted enough attention. They think that after retirement, the government takes money to provide for the aged, and there is no need to engage in endowment insurance. Second, due to the underdeveloped economy in some areas, government departments mainly use limited financial resources for construction, but pay insufficient attention to the payment of long-term endowment insurance, and the phenomenon of arrears is more prominent. There are no special laws and regulations to regulate, supervise and deal with it, and the endowment insurance of public institutions is in a state of no law to follow and no rules to follow, so it is difficult to collect funds.

4. Lack of fund operation mechanism makes it difficult to maintain and increase the value of funds.

Whether the pension fund management is safe or not is directly related to the basic life of retirees. Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of the fund, the government has always adopted a more cautious attitude, stipulating that the endowment insurance fund can only be deposited in state-owned commercial banks for special purposes. Banks will pay interest according to residents' savings deposits in the same period and incorporate them into the fund. Only part of the accumulated funds can be used to buy bonds issued by the state. Due to the lack of effective fund operation mechanism, with the passage of time and the rise of price level, it is difficult for the original fund to maintain its value or even depreciate gradually, and it is difficult to ensure the long-term balance of the fund, which is not conducive to maintaining the stability of the social insurance system and the interests of the insured, and will inevitably lead to the increase of the fund gap in the future.

(3) Six major tasks

Carcinogenic factors are inevitable, and "comprehensive insurance" cancer prevention insurance allows you to calmly deal with unknown risks 1 and promote system construction. We will achieve full coverage of the social endowment insurance system for urban and rural residents and reform the endowment insurance system for government agencies and institutions. Improve the medical, industrial injury, unemployment, maternity insurance system and social assistance system. Implement the social security policy to deal with the aging population and improve the family pension policy. Vigorously develop supplementary insurance. What are the better anti-cancer insurance for the elderly, and which is better? Look at the best-selling 10 insurance in insurance companies this year: the best-selling cancer insurance for the elderly in major insurance companies 10.

2. Accelerate the overall planning of urban and rural social security. Integrate urban and rural social security systems and management resources, improve the overall level of social insurance, and establish an effective social insurance relationship transfer and connection system.

3. Expand social security coverage. Basic old-age pension and basic medical insurance guarantee people's basic coverage. Improve the social security policy for landless farmers.

4, gradually improve the security standards, narrow the gap between urban and rural areas, regions and groups. Coordinate the establishment of a normal adjustment mechanism for basic pensions. We will generally carry out and promote the basic medical insurance for urban residents and the overall planning of outpatient medical expenses for the new rural cooperative medical system. Gradually improve the financial subsidy standards at all levels, and the proportion of hospitalization expenses within the basic medical insurance for employees and urban residents and the new rural cooperative medical system policy will reach about 75%.

5. Strengthen the construction of social assistance system and vigorously develop social welfare and charity.

6. Strengthen the management and supervision of social security. Strict supervision of funds to maintain the safety of funds. Accelerate the pace of standardization, informationization and specialization of social security management services.

At present, the "Trial Measures for Occupational Pensions in Public Institutions" has been promulgated, and the pilot areas will explore according to the actual situation and establish an occupational annuity system to ensure the treatment of retirees after the reform. The important content of "the reform of endowment insurance system in public institutions" is to reduce the consistency between endowment insurance in public institutions and enterprises. The reform plan of endowment insurance system is related to everyone's vital interests and has attracted the attention of the broad masses. The common demands of netizens for the pension reform plan are fairness, justice and equality. It can be seen that as long as the reform is beneficial to the people and the country, the reform will be supported by the people.