1. What is the relationship between population aging and social security system?

The aging population will change the financing mode of social endowment insurance.

The change of population age structure in China has brought severe challenges to the pay-as-you-go pension insurance system. When the pension itself can't run in balance, it has to turn to public finance. At this time, the government's public finance is under great pressure, and it must bear an increasing burden of old-age care, and public finance will eventually be overwhelmed.

China now adopts the pay-as-you-go model to raise endowment insurance funds, because the rate is relatively stable and low. A research report of the World Bank predicts that if the pay-as-you-go model is not changed, by 2030, the proportion of pension expenditure in total wages in China will rise to 48%, far exceeding the internationally recognized warning line of 20-25%, and there will be a pension payment crisis.

Other effects of population aging

The pressure of aging population on social security system is all-round, not only endowment insurance, but also medical insurance and unemployment insurance. According to relevant data at home and abroad, the per capita medical expenses are closely related to age. Generally speaking, the medical expenses of people over 60 years old are 3-5 times that of people under 60 years old.

China's economic development is in an important period of industrial and technological structure adjustment, which inevitably requires the corresponding adjustment of the industrial and technological structure of the labor force, and the elderly workers are at a disadvantage in this adjustment process. In addition, changes in the age structure of the population will also have different degrees of impact on social security projects such as social welfare, social relief, special care and resettlement.