What are the current situation and problems with our pensions? How to increase the pension is appropriate?

How to increase the pension appropriate? I thought: first of all, to recognize the current situation of China's pensions and the problems that exist; and then, only then to think about how to rise appropriate problem. Pension rise: one is to rise fair, and gradually reduce the pension gap. The second is to rise reasonably, the performance of the long pay more, more pay more. The third is to integrate sustainability, enhance the payment capacity of the social security fund, play a good role in guaranteeing. The following separation of issues, do a detailed analysis, I hope to be able to assist you!

I. The current situation of China's pensions and problems

1. Different contribution methods, the average monthly pension has a gap.

(1) The contribution group of urban workers' pension insurance, mainly institutions and enterprise employees, the contribution cost is high and the contribution period is long.

(2) Urban and rural residents' old-age insurance insurance contribution group, mainly urban jobless people and rural farmers, the contribution cost is low, the contribution period is short.

From the point of view of the even degree of pension of the national retirees:The average monthly pension of urban workers' pension insurance retirees is around 3,000 yuan, and the average monthly pension of urban and rural residents' pension insurance retirees is around 170 yuan. The pensions of employees' pension insurance retirees are higher than those of urban and rural residents.

2. The gap in pensions is still apparent across different retirement statuses.

(1) Civil servants and institutional retirees have the highest overall degree of pension, with average monthly pensions at around 4,500 to 5,500 yuan.

(2) Followed by large enterprises and partially state-owned enterprises retirees with average monthly pensions of about 3,000 to 4,500 yuan.

(3) Again, the average monthly pension of private enterprises and sensitive employment retirees is around 1,500 to 3,000 yuan.

Sure, after the pension merger, the gap between the pensions of institutional and enterprise retirees has eased, but with the addition of occupational pensions as supplementary pension insurance, the gap still exists in practice. For example, the pensions of many civil servants and institutional retirees can reach an even 5,000 yuan or more, and the pensions of many above the division level (or equivalent job level) can reach more than 10,000 yuan. And the front-line workers of ordinary enterprises, the retirement pension is usually only about 2,000 yuan.

3. There is a big gap between pensions in different regions. As the pension is related to the individual contribution base, the number of years of contributions, the age of retirement, and the full-caliber even salary of the previous year on the retirement ground. All other things being equal, the higher the even wage, the higher the pension.

Relatively speaking, in economically prosperous regions such as Beijing, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, the even wage is relatively high; some economically less prosperous third- and fourth-tier cities, the even wage is lower. For example: the average monthly pension of enterprise retirees in Beijing and Shanghai is about 4,000 yuan; the average monthly pension of enterprise retirees in ordinary third- and fourth-tier cities is about 2,000 yuan.

4. The arrival of delayed retirement has a greater impact on laid-off and sensitively employed people who pay social security. On the one hand, delayed retirement means extending the number of years of contributions, and the pressure of social security contributions is great; on the other hand, delayed retirement means delaying the age of retirement, and the laid-off and sensitively employed people lack self-confidence in their life expectancy.

Laid-off workers and sensitively employed people, as vulnerable groups in society, have few economic sources and live under great pressure. Many people are forced by economic pressure, social security contributions for up to 15 years, and even some people have given up paying social security fees.

Second, the pension, how to rise is appropriate?

1. To rise fair, gradually reduce the pension gap.

(1) on the different retirement status of retirees, should set up a "low high, high low" growth mechanism, linked to the degree of pension. At present, Beijing is to take this form. In the process of pension adjustment in Beijing in 2020: in accordance with the monthly fundamental pension level of retirees before the end of 2019, the city's per capita disposable income level in 2019 (5646 yuan) as a baseline divided into two grades, more than 5646 yuan (including) per person per month increased by 30 yuan, 5646 yuan per person per month below increased by 65 yuan.

(2) With regard to retirees in different geographical areas, the gradual completion of the national pension co-ordination. As of the end of 2020, China has basically completed the provincial-level coordination, taking the provincial full-caliber uniform salary as the calculation base to ensure the divergence of the province's pension calculation. Subsequently, the need to further promote the pace of the national pension coordination, and strive to achieve the calculation of the base of the country's retirees tend to diverge, and then in the calculation of the way to complete the purpose of fairness at all.

2. To rise reasonably, the performance of long pay more, more pay more.

On the different contribution methods of retirees, inspired by more contributions and long contributions. Whoever pays more social security fees and pays for a long period of time deserves a high pension.

3. Integrate sustainability, improve the payment capacity of the social security fund and play a good role in guaranteeing it.

The growth rate of the pension should be linked to the value added to the economy, the price level, the level of wages and income, the level of consumption and other factors, and gradually set up a long-term, sustainable growth mechanism to improve the ability to pay for the social security fund, and to play a guaranteed role to ensure the livelihood of retirees.

4. Pay attention to vulnerable groups and elderly retirees.

Laid-off workers and sensitive employment, as a vulnerable group in society, pay the full 15 years of social security costs, was once very difficult. If the promotion of delayed retirement, about them, is undoubtedly worse. Therefore, in the development of delayed retirement policy, this part of the population should be given full consideration.

The strength of the subsidy for senior retirees varies. Some regions provide subsidies from the age of 80 years old and above, and some regions provide subsidies from the age of 70 years old. Some geographic regions subsidize 5 to 10 yuan, while others subsidize 45 to 50 yuan. The age of the subsidy varies, and the norms of the amount of the subsidy vary. With regard to senior retirees, the biggest problem is the problem of access to medical care, which cannot be dealt with by relying only on meager subsidies. The need for the state pension adjustment for senior retirees, to be tilted.

Written in the end:

1. China's current different contribution methods, different retirement status, different geographical areas, the gap between retiree pensions is very obvious. Should go through the adoption of the lowers high adjustment, the highers low adjustment way, to ensure that the degree of treatment of the low level of personnel can be appropriately more increase in the fundamental pension.

2. In the next 10~20 years, the aging of the population will become increasingly serious. With the successive retirement of 50, 60, 70, the retirement group will usher in a surge, the social security fund to pay the pressure doubled, the need for state financial support to deal with the sustainability of pensions.

3. On the sensitive employment and laid-off workers, as well as senior retirees, in the development of pension policy, should be given full consideration, to provide a certain policy tilt!