Is it common to pay five insurances in Jinan before and then transfer to Qingdao to pay that social security card?

Social security cards are not universal. If you want to transfer from Jinan to Qingdao, you need to open a new account in Qingdao. If necessary, you need to transfer your account in Jinan again. It depends on where you want to receive your pension after retirement. You can transfer it temporarily until you are sure.

Further reading: How to buy insurance, which is good, and teach you how to avoid these "pits" of insurance.