How to treat the reform of endowment insurance in government agencies and institutions in China

On June 65438+1October 65438+April 4, the State Council issued the "Decision on the Reform of the Old-age Insurance System for Staff in Government Offices and Institutions", clearly stating that government offices and institutions will establish a unified old-age insurance system with urban workers. This means that nearly 40 million government agencies and institutions will bid farewell to the era of "free payment". After the reform, will the pension benefits of civil servants decline? Where do their pensions come from?

Hu Xiaoyi, Vice Minister of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security: In the past, retirees were managed by units themselves, but now it has become a socialized institutional arrangement. All units pay money according to the same standard, and then form a fund to pay the benefits of retirees.

Let's take a look at how the pension will be paid after the reform. In the past, the pensions of government agencies and institutions were paid at the rate of 70% to 90% according to my salary level and working years when I retired. Hu Xiaoyi said that after the reform, the pension standard will be calculated according to the amount of contributions I have made over the years and the length of the payment period. The money received consists of basic pension and personal account:

Hu Xiaoyi: The mechanism for determining benefits or the method for calculating and distributing pensions has changed. According to the payment period and the salary paid. The longer the payment time, the higher the treatment, the higher the payment level and the higher the treatment.

After the reform, will the pension benefits of employees in government agencies and institutions be reduced? Hu Xiaoyi stressed that in accordance with the principle of gradual reform, efforts should be made to ensure that the current pension benefits are "not reduced":

Hu Xiaoyi: It is not the starting point of our system design to adjust the structure and change the mechanism through increment, instead of subtraction, and then reform after the treatment is reduced. I hope that after the reform, everyone's treatment level will not be lowered, and it will continue to improve with economic development.

Specifically, the "old people" who have retired before the reform have maintained their treatment unchanged; Those who join the work after the reform belong to "newcomers", and their retirement benefits are the sum of basic pension and personal account, and the plan and payment methods are consistent with those of enterprise employees.

The "middle people" who joined the work before the reform and retired after the reform, that is, more than 37 million people in government agencies and institutions, will pay the "transitional pension" as the "deemed payment" period in addition to the basic pension and personal accounts to ensure that the treatment level will not be reduced.

You must be a little dizzy after hearing this. In this way, according to the calculation method of the "Decision", without considering the increase of income and average social wage, let's calculate an account:

In this reform, the reform boundary is 20141kloc-0/,which distinguishes "old people, new people and middle people" and grants pensions in different ways. First, calculate the pension of the "old man".

For example, Lao Zhou, a civil servant who retired before 20 14 10, is an "old man" who is not affected by the reform. Lao Zhou's retirement salary is 4,000 yuan. According to the regulations, the pension accounts for about 70%-90% of the pre-retirement salary, so Lao Zhou can get a pension of 2,800-3,600 per month.

In other words, the "old people" who have retired before the reform will maintain the same treatment.

If you start working after 20 14, 10, 1, then you are a "newcomer", such as 24-year-old Xiao Ming. How can he count?

"Newcomers" are completely implemented in accordance with the existing pension payment methods for enterprise employees. Xiaoming is 60 years old and will retire in 36 years. Suppose Xiaoming pays a monthly salary of 5,000 yuan, so does the average social salary.

5000 yuan, unchanged for 36 years. Then according to the regulations, Xiaoming's basic pension is 5000×36%= 1800 yuan, which is the first part of his pension;

After 36 years, according to the monthly 400 yuan standard, his personal account accumulated172,000 yuan, divided by 139 months. His second pension, his personal account has 1243 yuan every month. Altogether, Xiao Ming actually got 3043 yuan after retirement.

After the reform, the "newcomers" who take part in the work will receive the retirement benefits of the sum of basic pension and personal account, and the plan and payment method are the same as those of enterprise employees.

As for the "middle people" who took part in the work before the reform and retired after the reform, in other words, the calculation method of the pension of more than 37 million employees in government agencies and institutions is relatively complicated.

Lao Li, 40 years old, is an on-the-job civil servant, with the length of service before 206516,438+04 10, and retired for 20 years. He pays every year according to the average monthly salary of employees in the previous year. Then when he retires, his payment period is 36 years. According to Lao Li's pre-retirement salary of 5,000 yuan, his basic pension is 5,000 yuan ×36% = 1.800 yuan. If his personal account has 96,000 yuan when he retires, divided by 139 months, that person's account can be paid to 690 yuan. The basic pension plus personal account pension, 1800 yuan +690 yuan =2490 yuan, is the basic pension he got after retirement. However, in addition to 2490 yuan per month, the old man can still receive a transitional pension. But how much can be received, because the specific measures have not yet been introduced, so it is impossible to calculate.

The dual-track pension system has existed for nearly 20 years, which has widened the retirement benefits of institutions and enterprises and brought unfairness, and has been criticized for many years. Now reform is imminent, but there are still some problems about reform in society. For example, how to digest the transformation cost brought by reform? Will the pension funds accumulated by enterprises not be eaten?

@ Alice Swan, a netizen working in a foreign company, suggested that the enterprise pension insurance system has been running for nearly 20 years. At present, the fund account has accumulated more than 3 trillion yuan, the reform of institutions has just begun, and there is no money in the account. Will our employees' money be "eaten" Hu Xiaoyi, deputy director of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, explained that the "Decision" clearly stipulates that the basic endowment insurance funds of government agencies and institutions should be set up separately and used separately from the endowment insurance funds of enterprise employees, so there is no need to worry:

Hu Xiaoyi: After the reform, the system model and basic rules are unified and consistent with enterprises. However, the fund is co-ordinated separately and is not mixed with the enterprise pension insurance fund. It is still necessary to adhere to the financial channels based on financial contribution.

Because the reform insists on giving priority to financial contributions, this has caused a second worry-some experts have suggested that if all the years of "non-payment" after the merger are regarded as "payment years" and transitional pensions are issued, will the high transition cost bring excessive pressure to the finance?

Hu Xiaoyi: Actually, the basic system mode of endowment insurance now is pay-as-you-go, partial accumulation, mainly intergenerational support mode, that is, the working generation pays to support the retired generation. Therefore, in fact, it is not exactly as it seems, but it can be transformed financially.

The last worry comes from the civil service group. Ms Qin is 29 years old and has worked in a public institution in Beijing for 4 years. She took a paycheck totaling 4000 pounds and asked sadly:

Ms. Qin: If the endowment insurance is deducted from the salary in April, it will indeed form a certain burden.

Earlier, Ma Kai, Vice Premier of the State Council, mentioned that this reform will be carried out simultaneously with the improvement of the wage system. Hu Xiaoyi confirmed that the civil service salary adjustment plan document has been sent to all units:

Hu Xiaoyi: In order to cooperate with the reform of the old-age insurance system, we really need to improve the wage system. The General Office of the State Council forwarded three implementation plans, one is the basic salary adjustment of civil servants, and the other is the basic salary adjustment of staff in public institutions. The document has been sent to all units.

In this regard, Chu Fuling, director of the Department of Social Security of the Central University of Finance and Economics, said that since the payment of endowment insurance is based on wages, at present, the income of civil servants in some grassroots areas is relatively low, and once they start to pay, they will inevitably bear difficulties. Adjusting wages is conducive to reducing the pain in the early stage of reform and promoting the smooth transformation of the system;

Chu Fuling: Since the payment is required, the payment will come from the salary, and the salary will not be mentioned all day. Therefore, we should establish a normal wage adjustment mechanism, reform synchronously with the payment of endowment insurance, and realize the balance of interests. It is conducive to reducing the resistance to reform and forming a sustainable pension insurance system based on payment, which can bear risks.