What are the main contents of the current social security system in China?

China's social security system includes:

Social insurance, social welfare, social relief, special care and resettlement, social mutual assistance, etc. Social insurance is the most important part.

Since the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, in order to meet the needs of establishing the socialist market economic system and adjusting the economic structure, China has issued a series of policies and measures based on the present and with a long-term view. The framework of China's social security system has been basically established, and the construction of social security system has achieved remarkable results.

These measures mainly include:

1, the implementation of the "two guarantees" policies and measures, that is, ensuring the basic livelihood of laid-off workers in state-owned enterprises and ensuring that pensions for enterprise retirees are paid in full and on time, has better guaranteed the basic livelihood of laid-off workers and enterprise retirees, promoted the smooth progress of state-owned enterprise reform and economic system reform, and maintained social stability.

2. Three social security lines, namely, the basic living security system for laid-off workers from state-owned enterprises, the unemployment insurance system and the minimum living security system for urban residents, have been established, the basic old-age insurance system has been adjusted and improved, and the basic medical insurance system has been introduced, and the framework of the social security system has basically taken shape.

3. We have persistently expanded the coverage of social insurance and the collection of funds, adjusted the structure of fiscal expenditure, increased support for social security, initially formed a new mechanism for raising social security funds through multiple channels, strengthened the management and supervision of social security funds, improved the level of security and continuously enhanced the security capacity.

4. After investigation and demonstration, the overall goal of perfecting the social security system is put forward, that is, to establish a social security system independent of enterprises and institutions, with diversified sources of funds, standardized security system and socialized management services, and to formulate a pilot scheme to improve the social security system and start organizing its implementation.

Extended data

The fundamental principle of social security is social equity, and social security is the maximization of the utility of all social members. Professor A.C. Pigou, a famous economist, pointed out in his book Welfare Economics: "Social security policy can expand a country's economic welfare, because the utility of the poor is greater than the utility loss of the rich, which increases the total utility of society." By designing the system, people will not be hurt by lack of privilege and will not become humble because of the social status formed by division of labor. It has four functions:

1, guarantee the fairness of rights. Citizens' rights to education, health and minimum living security are collectively referred to as "welfare rights" or "social rights" in the west, and are regarded as an extension of basic civil rights or a part of social civil rights. The welfare clauses in the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights clearly stipulate this right, such as Article 22-"Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to enjoy social security and various economic, social and cultural rights necessary for the free development of his personal dignity and personality". Social security puts the protection of everyone's right to subsistence and development in the first place. Enjoy universal social security, that is, basic life is guaranteed, so as to participate in social competition at a fair starting point.

2. Ensure fair opportunities. Equality of opportunity means that any member of society should be covered by social security and get equal social security opportunities as long as he meets the conditions stipulated by law. In China, some rich people regard the poor as retarded, irresponsible and even lazy. This is not true. The vast majority of the poor in China are hardworking, conscientious and responsible. To a great extent, they suffer from poverty because they are hindered by vested interests and lack of opportunities. The social security system can make the pessimists among them move forward, and the powerless among them are strong, enhancing their opportunities, thus creating a starting point for them to compete as fairly as possible.

3. Maintain the fairness of the rules. Rule fairness refers to equal treatment, which can neither discriminate against the disadvantaged groups nor tilt towards the privileged class. Through the social security mechanism, we will focus on protecting the poor people in society (that is, the groups below the absolute survival demand line). Because compared with high-income groups, low-income groups and vulnerable groups have the most imperfect protection from risk management. This means that without social security, they may fall into the so-called "poverty trap" and form a vicious circle.

4. Adjust fair distribution. We say that fair distribution improves efficiency, while unfair distribution damages efficiency. At present, the inefficiency of some state-owned units is largely related to unfair distribution. Then, social security can be adjusted through the function of income redistribution, which can reduce differences, alleviate social contradictions and help social stability to a certain extent.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Social Security System