Historical changes of social security

As early as in ancient society, there have been various forms of social relief and rescue activities. For example, some religious organizations.

Carry out various relief activities in the name of charity. The origin of social security can be traced back to secular and religious charities in medieval Europe, but the social security system characterized by insurance organized by the state and implemented through legislation began with the social insurance legislation implemented by the Bismarck government in Germany. At the turn of 15 and 16 century, due to the enclosure movement, a large number of farmers in Britain were driven out of their land, lost their livelihood and flowed into cities, endangering the normal life and social stability of cities. 160 1 year, the British government promulgated the Elizabeth Poverty Alleviation Act to alleviate the survival crisis of the poor.

At the end of 19, with the development of monopoly capitalism, the number of unemployed people increased, the gap between the rich and the poor widened and various social contradictions intensified. There have been many social service movements related to social welfare. In order to enable every member of society to obtain basic means of subsistence according to law, the social security system was first born in Europe. During the period of 1883- 1889, the German parliament successively passed three insurance legislations, namely, health insurance plan, industrial accident insurance plan and endowment insurance plan, which created the history of social security system. In the next two decades, Britain, France, Norway, Denmark, the Netherlands and Sweden also established social security systems.

1935, the Roosevelt administration of the United States promulgated the social security law, implementing old-age insurance and unemployment insurance. The government has stepped up its intervention in the social security system, and social security has gradually moved towards legalization and socialization, and a large number of social workers engaged in social security work have emerged.

After World War II, the social security system was gradually improved. From 65438 to 0945, Britain took the lead in establishing a social security system from cradle to grave on the basis of the famous Beveridge report. In the same year, France promulgated the Social Security Law, which laid the foundation of the modern social security system. The United States also revised the social security law expanding 1935 many times after the war, and gradually expanded the scope of protection. Sweden implemented the labor market policy and national compulsory disability insurance in the 1940s and 1950s. Japan promulgated the Unemployment Insurance Law in 1947, followed by the National Pension Law and the Health Welfare Pension Law. By the end of 1950s, almost all western developed countries had basically completed the legislation of social security system, set up corresponding management institutions and implemented a complete social security system with high welfare as the main connotation. Social security tax, which supports the implementation of social security, has become the second largest tax in these countries after income tax; Social security expenditure has become the largest financial expenditure item. As for the social security system in developing countries, most of them were established after the Second World War.