How to use the five insurances paid by the company?

Social insurance = endowment insurance+medical insurance+industrial injury insurance+maternity insurance+unemployment insurance+housing accumulation fund.

Let's talk about endowment insurance first.

Generally, this insurance will be paid 15 years before you retire, so students who want to get a pension must pay it 15 years before you retire. This is similar outside Nanjing. If the retirement age is less than 15 years and the old-age insurance is paid, the state will return all the 8% pension stored in the personal account to you when you retire.

Then you will ask, where is the 2 1% paid by the company?

You can't expect the country to give it to you. After you retire and take away your personal money, the state will transfer all 2 1% of the money paid by the unit to the national pension fund. From then on, the money has nothing to do with you. You might say: damn it! That's my money. Why not give it to me, because that's what the country says:

When returning money, only the money deducted by the individual himself is refunded, and the money paid by the unit for him has contributed to the country-

Let's take a look at how your pension is calculated when you retire.

The algorithm of pension is very complicated, because the country will change the payment base once a year. For example, you are now 30 years old, and your current payment base is 3,000 yuan. If the retirement age is 55, then you must start paying the old-age insurance before you are 40 years old. If you start paying at the age of 30 now and pay for 25 years at the age of 55, then you must enjoy the pension first. Secondly, if the payment base of 3,000 Yuan You in 25 years becomes 6,000 yuan (I mean if), then at the age of 55, you can get a basic pension of 6,000× 20% =1.200 yuan every month, which is given to you by the state. Besides, you have accumulated a lot of money in your personal account for 25 years. Only the average payment base, (3,000 yuan)

= 108000 yuan, so in addition to the previous 1200 yuan, you can also get 108000÷ 120=900 yuan every month, so from the age of 55, you can get at least 65438+900 = 26540 every month. After you retire, you will get more money than 1200 every month, so your pension will definitely increase. Therefore, the more pension insurance you pay, the better. The more you give, the more you enjoy after retirement. And after the national base is adjusted every year, you will get more and more money. It is now possible to hand it over to 1500 yuan in ten years.

There is an abnormal policy here, that is, no matter where you pay social security fees, you can only pay them when you retire.

Where the registered permanent residence is located, enjoy local retirement benefits. In this way, people who pay social security in places with high base but enjoy pensions in places with low retirement base will lose a lot. Why do you say that? Let me give you an example. If you worked in Nanjing when you were young, paid social security for 20 years and then retired, but if your hukou is in Heilongjiang, you must go back to Heilongjiang to enjoy the pension. If you pay in Nanjing for 20 years, the average base is 3000 (I said if), and when you retire, the base of payment in Heilongjiang is only 1 000 (I said if, then you can only enjoy 1 000 when you retire). This is a loss! In short, if you pay social security in a rich place and retire to a poor place to enjoy social security, you will pay a lot but enjoy very little in your life! Paying 3000 yuan may only enjoy 1000 yuan! This is a terrible thing, but there is nothing we can do. This is a national policy, so please all your current accounts work in places with low base such as the west but high base such as Beijing or Shanghai.

Attention, social security students, you can either pay social security in the west or move your account to Beijing or Shanghai before you retire, otherwise you will be doing a huge loss-making business in your life.

Then maybe you will say, if my registered permanent residence is in Nanjing, it's good for me to pay in Heilongjiang for 20 years, pay in a place with a low base, and enjoy high welfare after retirement. No! Do you think Nanjing Labor Bureau lets you enjoy it like this? ! Generally speaking, Nanjing will find reasons to directly refuse your transfer! You will be smarter than you at that time: Heilongjiang can't enjoy it, and Nanjing can't enjoy it! But some places have some loose regulations on this situation. For example, Nanjing allows you to retire at a low base five years before retirement.

The place is transferred back to Nanjing, and then you will continue to pay the high base of Nanjing for five years, and then you can go back to Nanjing to enjoy your pension. This policy is estimated to vary from place to place. Students who plan to transfer in the future had better go to your local labor bureau to find out about this problem now, so as to avoid accidents when they retire!

Let me talk about medical insurance.

The policy of this insurance country is not bad, but the important thing is that there are many reimbursement for hospitalization. As mentioned earlier, the monthly medical insurance paid by the company is 9%, and your monthly medical insurance payment is about 2% plus 10 yuan's critical illness co-ordination. This serious illness co-ordination is nothing more than that you are hospitalized, and the state pays 1 1% to your medical insurance account every month.

Your own 2%, if you pay social security according to the minimum base 1 189 yuan every month, then 1 189×2%=23.78 yuan is the money that the state calls you personally every month. You can accumulate this money to buy medicine directly by credit card or go to outpatient clinic, and the remaining 9% will be included in the medical pooling fund.

According to Nanjing's regulations, if you pay medical insurance from June 5438+ 10, you can buy medicine with a credit card or go to the clinic from February 2007, and you can reimburse your hospitalization expenses from July 2007. The report is quite complicated, for example, it is quite good.

Of:

If you were hospitalized in August 2007 1 and lived in the best tertiary hospital in Nanjing, all the drugs used during hospitalization were within the scope of medical insurance, and the expenses of surgery and hospitalization totaled 5,000 yuan, then the medical insurance center would deduct 1 1,000 yuan when reimbursing, which is the starting price. And the remaining 4000 yuan can be reimbursed 4000×86% = as long as you personally pay 4000× 14%=560 yuan, plus the previous starting price 1000 yuan, you only need to pay 1560 yuan for spending 5000 yuan, which 1560 yuan can be obtained from your doctor. After all, seeing a doctor and being hospitalized is too fucking expensive, which is also the most important significance of participating in social insurance. However, Nanjing stipulates that after retirement, you must pay 25 years of medical insurance to enjoy it for life, so if you retire at the age of 55, you must start paying medical insurance at the latest at the age of 30.

Let's talk about industrial injury insurance.

This kind of insurance is rarely used in practice, and I don't have much contact with it. Need to be reminded that this insurance will be used if you have an accident at work or at work. However, in practice, many people do not pay attention to the preservation of evidence, resulting in the inability to enjoy work-related injury insurance. This is a pity. If you get hit by a car after work, you should call the police as soon as possible and let the police investigate the records and take photos to collect evidence. The police will give you an accident appraisal certificate after handling it, and you can take it to the unit to ask for a work-related injury report. If something happens to you, you just let people get away. You didn't call a witness or call the police. Generally, it won't be recognized as a work-related injury, and there is no evidence.

There is also a time limit for work-related injuries. If you have a work-related injury on July 1 2007, you must report it to the unit immediately, and hand over the evidence and accident appraisal certificate issued by the police and the medical records of seeing a doctor or being hospitalized after the work-related injury to the unit, so that the unit can take these materials for work-related injury appraisal. Your company must send your valid materials to the industrial injury appraisal center before August 1 2007. If it is more than one month since the date of your work injury, you may not be able to identify the work injury. If your company doesn't appraise you, you can take the materials to the appraisal center for appraisal, and it's better not to exceed one month, otherwise it will be very troublesome. .

Let's talk about maternity insurance.

Let's take this for example. If you are a girl, your monthly salary is 1 0,000 yuan, and you started to pay maternity insurance in June 2007 at 65438+ 10/.The payment base is 1189, but you were pregnant in March 2007 and in 2007. Then after you leave the hospital, you should quickly submit all the materials such as marriage certificate (unmarried children can't be reimbursed)+one-child certificate (generally speaking, two children can't be reimbursed)+medical records+all invoices for building a large and small card check and hospitalization surgery fees+hospitalization list+discharge summary to the company. If the pregnancy test costs 500 yuan when giving birth to a child, and the hospitalization expenses and operation expenses cost 2000 yuan, generally speaking, within the scope of medical insurance, the company can basically reimburse you. The money given to you after reimbursement includes: 500 examination fee +2000 hospitalization operation fee+1/89 yuan/month× 4 months = 7256 yuan, 165438 yuan/month× 4 months, which will be reimbursed by the medical insurance center. The state stipulates that the average salary of a girl in maternity insurance reimbursement must be four months, so if you give birth to a child for reimbursement, you can earn four months' salary without spending money! If your basic salary is higher than your salary, for example, 1000 yuan is 1 189, then you still make money.

Maternity insurance must be paid for one year to enjoy, remember to remember.

There is another problem, boys also pay maternity insurance ~ so can boys enjoy maternity insurance?

If you are a boy, your wife doesn't have a job or her work unit doesn't pay insurance, and you have paid maternity insurance for more than one year when she gave birth, then you can also reimburse maternity insurance. But in the last example, you can only reimburse 500 examination fee+half of 2000 hospitalization operation fee = 1250 yuan, and the subsidy is 1 189 yuan/. This is for girls to enjoy when they are reimbursed. For the same expenses, girls can get 7256 yuan for reimbursement, while boys can only get 1250 yuan for reimbursement. This is probably a rare policy of "discriminating against men" in China-+Therefore, it is best for girls to make plans before giving birth and start looking for a company to pay maternity insurance one year in advance, so that they can earn money! If a boy wants to marry a wife, he'd better marry a girl who paid maternity insurance for one year when she gave birth, and her salary is higher than her own! But it doesn't matter if she really doesn't have insurance, you can also reimburse her for maternity insurance, but you won't get the subsidized four-month salary, and you can only get back half of the newspaper's expenses.

unemployment insurance

Unemployment insurance takes one year to enjoy. Generally, it takes two months to pay 1 year, and four months to pay for two years, but it takes up to 24 months for a lifetime. Let's give an example:

If you started to pay insurance in June 5438 +2007 10, and were dismissed from the company in June 5438 +2008 10, you can ask the company to give you unemployment insurance for two months. If you pay insurance based on 5438+0 189 in June this year, you can get 800 yuan or 200 yuan at least in two months. June 5438 +2008 10, your contract with the company expired. If you don't want to renew your contract, you can also ask the company to provide you with unemployment insurance for two months, more than 800 yuan before you leave your job. In other words, when the contract expires or the company dismisses, you can ask the company to receive unemployment benefits for you at the rate of two months a year. If the company doesn't help you, you can sue.

However, if you resign before the expiration of the contract, even if you have paid 1 year, you will not enjoy unemployment insurance. As long as you resign, don't pay 1 year. Even if you pay1year unemployment insurance, you won't get a penny until you resign.

Housing provident fund is a good thing.

Let's just say that if you pay the provident fund in 200 yuan every month, the company will also pay your account into 200 yuan every month. When you buy a house, it will only be 400 yuan. If you pay 50,000 yuan in your life, your account will be 65,438+10,000 yuan. Don't refuse such a good thing.

Provident funds can be used to buy a house, repay loans, decorate and so on. If your family can find land to build a house, the money for building a house can also come from the provident fund. If you don't use the money all the time, it seems that you can withdraw all the money when you finally retire.

[Advanced] Supplementary Notes [5KB]

Let's talk about the different places from Nanjing. Magic is not allowed not to pay medical insurance. In other words, social security centers, including endowment medical care, unemployment, work injury and maternity, require enterprises to collect them, but the provident fund can be paid or not, because it is under the jurisdiction of the provident fund center.

The specific social security composition ratio is:

Endowment insurance: the unit pays you 22% every month, and you pay 8% yourself;

Medical insurance: the unit pays you 12% every month, and you pay 2% yourself;

Unemployment insurance: the company pays you 2% every month, and you pay it yourself1%;

Work injury insurance: the unit pays 0.5% for you every month, and you don't have to pay a penny yourself;

Maternity insurance: the unit pays you 0.5% every month, and you don't have to pay a penny yourself;

Housing accumulation fund: the unit pays you 7% every month, and you pay 7% yourself.

Supplementary housing provident fund: the unit pays you 8% every month, and you pay 8% yourself (this is only available to state-owned enterprises with good general benefits, and the proportion is determined by the company itself, so it is very ethical for general companies to pay provident fund).

In addition, it should be said that the relationship between social security and individual tax adjustment is calculated after personal deduction when paying individual tax adjustment. However, it should be noted that the part of the provident fund and supplementary provident fund that exceeds 12% (the part paid by individuals and enterprises) also needs to be calculated in the tax base, such as the above-mentioned provident fund 7% and supplementary provident fund 8%, which add up to 15%.

On the base, that is to say, individuals have to pay for the adjustment tax of this fee.

Medical insurance uses this piece, and the way to transfer it to personal accounts varies from place to place.

Love means that Nanjing is collected by the month, and many places are collected by the year.

Specifically, the medical insurance year is from April 1 day to March 3 1 day of the following year, and the change of social security payment base is also determined in the first half of April.

On April 1 day, the medical insurance bureau will advance the personal medical insurance of 1 year (that is, the 2%) to the personal medical insurance card account according to everyone's social security base, but there is a problem at this time. On April 1 day, when the social security base has not been established in that year, the medical insurance bureau can only predict the personal medical insurance premium in that year according to the base of the previous year. What should we do about this difference? That is, in April of the following year 1 the possibility of making up the underpayment or deducting the overpayment seems to be very troublesome. Let's take an example: when someone earned an average monthly income of 5,000 yuan in 2004, 4,000 yuan in 2005 and 6,000 yuan in 2006, when the Medical Insurance Bureau credited it to his personal account in April 2006 1, the Social Security Center had not approved the payment base for 2006 (that is, the average monthly income for 2005), so the Medical Insurance Bureau still calculated the year according to the payment base for 2005. In April 2007 1 Diary, the personal fund for the New Year is still 960 yuan (actually, it should be 6000*2%* 12= 1440 yuan), and the underpaid 480 yuan will make up on April 1 2008.

Therefore, because most people's annual payment bases are different, the total number of accounts of almost everyone in March each year is different from the amount of accounts seen in April, which is generated when the medical insurance bureau does annual expense accounting.

There is also a time limit for work-related injuries. If you have a work-related injury on July 1 2007, you must report it to the unit immediately, and hand over the evidence and accident appraisal certificate issued by the police and the medical records of seeing a doctor or being hospitalized after the work-related injury to the unit, so that the unit can take these materials for work-related injury appraisal. Your company must send your valid materials to the industrial injury appraisal center before August 1 2007. If it has been more than one month since the date of work-related injury identification, the work-related injury may not be identified. If your company doesn't appraise you, you can take the materials to the appraisal center for appraisal, and it's better not to exceed one month, otherwise it will be very troublesome. There are two ways to supplement this. One is the company's declaration of industrial injury, which is valid within 30 days, and the other is the individual's declaration, which is valid within one year.

In terms of maternity insurance, for those who have had abortion, dystocia, multiple births and premature births, please see the following links. Although it is Shanghai's policy, there are similarities everywhere. Shanghai and Nanjing may have different policies, and the company will never take care of this reimbursement. Are directly linked to pregnant women through medical insurance. During the check-up, production and hospitalization, all the projects in medical insurance coverage will be paid by medical insurance. Of course, self-funded projects (such as advanced wards, self-funded drugs, etc.) still have to be borne by themselves.

After giving birth to a good child, I apply to the medical insurance bureau for maternity allowance, and the medical insurance bureau gives 3,000 yuan of social security, and then adds another half month to the income of the three-month payment base. If the average wage income in the previous year is greater than the upper limit of the social security contribution base, then social security only pays the contribution base.

Points, the rest paid by the company. For example, someone's average wage income in the previous year 10000, and the social security base is capped at 7392.

Then the monthly income paid by social security is 7392, and the rest 10000-7392=2608 is paid by the company.

(Although I think this situation is not easy for readers in the cloud to encounter =. =。 . )

In fact, there are two key points:

1, full payment before childbirth 1 year.

2. The social security payment base is declared normally.

Therefore, students, especially female students, should not think that the base declared by the company doesn't matter, and even be glad that their salary is high because of the low base. That's when you see the problem!

This is also the reason why so many female employees prefer to stay in places where wages are low but social security is fully declared. For one thing, small places don't like unmarried female workers, and for another, maternity insurance is a big income supplement.

For example, a person's normal salary is 3000 yuan, but her year-end bonus income and other bonus income are included in the social security base declaration, so the monthly average may reach 5000 yuan. At this time, the income of the children in the first few months is 5000 yuan in January.

If you haven't been using the money, it seems that you can withdraw all the money when you finally retire. It's entirely possible!

Moreover, the interest of provident fund loans is much lower than that of commercial loans, which is also a big advantage.

Further reading: How to buy insurance, which is good, and teach you how to avoid these "pits" of insurance.