Why did social security increase by more than 60? We are farmers. In response to the call of the state, farmers were supposed to be subsidized, but now farmers pay for it themselves. Two were added la

Why did social security increase by more than 60? We are farmers. In response to the call of the state, farmers were supposed to be subsidized, but now farmers pay for it themselves. Two were added last year. China has entered an accelerated period of urbanization, and it is estimated that nearly 1 100 million farmers will change their identities in the next decade. It has become the main way of urbanization to realize the expansion and development of cities through land expropriation. The important guarantee for the smooth implementation of the urban-rural integration strategy is to properly solve the problem of concentrated landless peasants. It is necessary to ensure social stability and the smooth progress of urbanization, but also to ensure that the labor force of landless peasants is "not unemployed", so that there is room and possibility for further development, and the landless peasants who reach retirement age should be provided with a sense of security. This involves not only direct compensation for land acquisition, but also employment training and social insurance. This topic studies the resettlement methods of landless peasants and puts forward policy suggestions. Compensation: From monetary compensation to monetary compensation for social security resettlement, monetary resettlement has the following disadvantages: First, monetary resettlement is a life-oriented arrangement, not an employment-oriented arrangement. Land-expropriated farmers are permanently pushed to the labor market after receiving the living resettlement fee for the replacement of land use rights. This has left a hidden danger of unemployment for farmers whose land has been expropriated. Secondly, the monetary resettlement focuses on the immediate living arrangements of the land-expropriated "rural to non-agricultural" personnel, which is out of sync with the social security system. The problem of "rural to non-agricultural" in its own social security can only be solved by its own strength. Without a certain prospect of re-employment, "rural-to-urban" people are prone to worry about their future lives, thus creating potential social instability. Social insurance: land for security social insurance resettlement is only for those who move from rural areas to non-rural areas. The expenses shall be included in the special account of "resettlement fee" set up by the labor and social security department, and the labor and social security department shall sign a resettlement agreement with the land-expropriated object. For those who meet the conditions of paying the overall social endowment insurance fee, individual social insurance accounts will be set up, and pensions will be paid on a monthly basis when they reach retirement age. Under the current policy conditions, bringing landless peasants into the urban social security system will increase the social security burden, but it will help solve the worries of landless peasants and promote the smooth implementation of urban-rural integration, which is worthwhile in the long run. The provinces and cities with developed economy and tense relationship with land in China have done a lot of work and gained some experiences and lessons, which embodies a general trend. Resettlement of reserved land refers to the arrangement of a certain area of construction land within the planned construction land in order to ensure the long-term and stable production and life of landless farmers, support rural collective economic organizations and villagers to engage in production and business activities. It is an important supplementary form of monetary resettlement. Also known as development and resettlement, it is an innovation of resettlement method to solve the production and life outlet of landless "farmers" through the construction of development projects. In this way, the resettlement expenses and investment in development projects obtained by farmers' replacement of land use rights are transformed into productive material capital, so that the land-expropriated "peasants-to-peasants" can be combined with productive material capital to realize re-employment. The specific operation shall be carried out according to% of the development and resettlement land index. Employment: from recruitment and placement to employment guidance. Recruitment and resettlement means that local governments or land-use units arrange employment for "rural-to-urban" personnel according to the proportion of land acquisition. This is an old method that has been carried over from the period of planned economy system, and it is more difficult to implement now. With the deepening of the reform of state-owned enterprises and collective enterprises, the original planned employment model has gradually been replaced by the market-led employment form. The state no longer cares about the employment problem of "rural to non-agricultural", and local governments have fewer and fewer channels for employment of landless farmers. Monetization has become a common choice everywhere. Because of the cultural quality of landless peasants, the training cost of reemployment is relatively low. In order to make them adapt to the jobs produced in the process of urbanization and industrialization, they must be trained accordingly to improve their cultural quality. At present, the average length of education of urban labor force is years, while that of rural labor force is years, with a gap of years. In other words, an ordinary landless farmer needs about. After years of education and training, his employability can be equivalent to that of an urban worker. This year's education and training expenses include direct expenditure and indirect expenditure. However, if all the expenses of this year are borne by the state and land users, it is impossible to realize compensation. Chengdu's experience Chengdu, Sichuan Province, implements the principle of "workers choose their own jobs, the market regulates employment, and the government promotes employment" in the reemployment work arrangement of landless farmers. All districts and townships in the suburbs of Chengdu have opened up jobs in property management, cleaning, kitchen work and so on to landless and unemployed farmers without discrimination, which has solved the employment problem for many people one after another. In addition to district and township work, suburban administrative villages have also set up re-employment service centers for landless peasants, adhered to the principle of on-demand training and paying attention to practical results, and actively carried out pre-job training oriented to market demand. The center has formulated a personalized order-based training plan, and hired teachers to carry out targeted practical technical training, vocational certificate training, community service skills training and housekeeping service skills training according to the different age groups and academic qualifications of landless farmers, so as to improve their skills and enhance their income-generating ability. Housing: From monetary resettlement to centralized residential resettlement and central village construction, although monetary resettlement is encouraged in policy, it is still very difficult to operate in practice. First of all, the cost for farmers to build their own houses or re-purchase commercial houses is much higher than the compensation for house demolition. In the upsurge of real estate development in big cities, it is difficult for landless farmers to find a place to live. Secondly, if the landless peasants can only find some temporary simple houses because they can't enter the more formal real estate development zone, they will face the risk of secondary demolition and thus cannot settle down; Secondly, farmers' financial management ability and experience are likely to lead to living in open space, but they can't achieve the purpose of resettlement housing, and finally they have to find the government to solve it. For these reasons, local governments tend to adopt centralized planning and centralized construction of farmers' new homes when solving the housing resettlement problem of landless farmers. The purpose of farmers' new residence construction is to make rational use of land, effectively solve the housing problem of landless farmers, gather some landless farmers and farmers' relocated households together, and establish suburban residential centers. However, there are also some problems in centralized resettlement. First, the original production functions of many rural houses have disappeared, and the economic interests of landless farmers have been damaged. Second, a large number of landless peasants sometimes have two jobs, and many households are homogeneous, living in one place, which is easy to cause employment difficulties. In fact, we found that in farmers' new houses, many laborers are unemployed or hidden unemployed, and many farmers live by renting houses. The construction of the central village has dual functions, one is to properly resettle the landless peasants, and the other is to create employment opportunities and solve the employment problems of the landless peasants through the construction and development of the central village. The central village is not only the residential area and entrepreneurial area of landless peasants, but also a new community that blends urban and rural areas. Explore the market-oriented operation mode and carry out daily management of the central village. Combined with the construction of central village, under the premise of policy permission, government support, legal procedures and complete procedures, some collective land will be converted into commercial land for commercial development, commercial pavements and professional markets will be built to attract local farmers to enter the market to engage in commercial operations, and a large number of local farmers will be recruited to engage in the tertiary industry, and farmers will be encouraged to take the road of self-employment and self-employment (more wonderful articles are from "Secretary Dont Ask For Help"). It is necessary to try out the transfer of rural collective construction land use rights and give support to business land indicators. The policy suggests establishing a reasonable compensation and benefit sharing mechanism for land acquisition. First, gradually approve and improve the compensation standard for land use. Gradually implement the "comprehensive price of land area" in the unified land acquisition. Adhere to the direction of marketization, divide urban land into several areas according to the overall urban development plan, determine a relatively reasonable benchmark land price for each area, and implement a unified compensation standard when unifying land acquisition. Second, commercial land and public land should be strictly distinguished. Public welfare land cannot encroach on farmers' interests, especially the business land projects in public welfare land should be treated differently. Thirdly, the introduction of market mechanism to promote the rational pricing of land price is the scientific basis for improving land compensation, the basis for establishing and improving land compensation mechanism and social security mechanism, and an important prerequisite for fundamentally solving the problem of compensation for the interests of landless farmers. It should be a basic principle that the legal policy of agricultural land expropriation supports solving the related problems in the process of farmers' land expropriation through the legal system. First of all, we should introduce a perfect Agricultural Land Expropriation Law or related legal texts as soon as possible to standardize the land expropriation system according to law. Second, the competent government departments at all levels should seriously investigate, summarize various models in the reform of land acquisition system, carry out pilot projects, publicize and popularize typical experiences, and gradually make land acquisition on the track of standardization and legalization. The current reform of farmland expropriation system in China can be divided into two steps. The first step is transitional, that is, make appropriate adjustments within the existing legal framework, strictly distinguish between public expropriation and other expropriation, and implement corresponding land expropriation compensation measures accordingly. The second step is to revise the provisions of the current law on land expropriation and strictly limit the right of land expropriation to the scope of public use and interests; Under the control of urban planning, collective land is allowed to directly enter the land market. The reform of rural land system can further improve the rural land system from the following aspects: first, legally give farmers the right to contract farmland with the nature of property rights, give farmers a stable and guaranteed land use right of more than one year, and allow farmers to freely transfer, lease, mortgage, share and inherit. The second is to issue real estate licenses to farmers' private and collectively owned properties, allowing them to be traded and mortgaged. Third, actively promote the community joint-stock cooperative system, quantify the assets of village collective economic organizations into the shares of their members, clarify the property rights of collective assets, and promote the preservation and appreciation of collective assets, especially the assets of suburban village collective economic organizations. Training and Employment of Land-lost Peasants The government should formulate a special training plan for the land-expropriated "peasants-to-non" personnel, and list the special training funds and use methods; Actively encourage land-using enterprises to work on the spot; For landless peasants engaged in self-employment and self-employment, with reference to the policy of encouraging unemployed people in cities and towns to re-employment, we will give policy support in taxation, industry and commerce, and appropriately reduce or exempt business tax, income tax and management fees. At the same time, we should consider establishing a special support fund to provide special small loans to help and support those who have difficulties in starting their own businesses. In addition, the training of landless peasants should be combined with the training of suburban rural labor force, so that potential landless peasants can improve their quality first and gradually get rid of their dependence on land and agriculture. Establishing a Perfect Social Security System for Land-lost Farmers In the absence of rural social security legislation and the basic construction of rural social security system, land-lost farmers must be included in the urban social security system as soon as possible to realize the docking with urban social security. Establish a diversified social insurance premium collection mechanism. The government should standardize and make it clear that no matter what the purpose of land acquisition is, a piece of social security fund for landless farmers should be set aside from the land income, and stored in a special account and managed by a specialized agency. At the same time, according to the actual social resettlement cost of landless peasants, the state and local governments set aside a certain proportion to support the establishment of social insurance system for landless peasants. In view of some disadvantages of farmers' poor economic ability and monetized resettlement, we should guide farmers to take out some funds in land compensation and establish basic medical care and old-age insurance. Look at the question I answered. Oh, I sincerely wish you a smooth life, happiness and happiness forever.

Further reading: How to buy insurance, which is good, and teach you how to avoid these "pits" of insurance.