What is the significance of China's social security system? Which three systems are included? What benefits do you think the social employment security system has for yourself and your family?

The social security system is a social security system that guarantees the basic material life of all citizens based on certain laws and regulations and social security funds.

China's social security system mainly includes three systems: new rural cooperative medical care, rural social endowment insurance and farmers' minimum living security.

Social security system is an important symbol of a country's social welfare development, an important guarantee to protect citizens' basic living conditions and rights, and an indispensable social mechanism to maintain social stability.

At present, the social security system in China can be roughly divided into two categories: social insurance and social relief.

Social insurance mainly includes endowment insurance system, unemployment insurance system, medical insurance system, industrial injury insurance system and maternity insurance system.

Social relief mainly includes the minimum living security system for urban residents and the rural five-guarantee system (referring to the life care and material help given in food, clothing, housing, medical care and burial).

In addition, the military special care and resettlement system, the disabled and minors' security system, the wage and working hours system, and the urban housing system also belong to the broad social security system.

Social security is an important foundation for building a harmonious society.

Without social security, it is impossible to build a harmonious society. Social security system is of fundamental significance for building a harmonious society.

First, social security can effectively prevent and deal with social risks. Due to the imperfect distribution structure of social resources, the risks of market economy, the differences of family "genes" and individual abilities, social members will inevitably encounter various risks in their survival and development. Therefore, it is necessary for society to ensure that every member of society has a reasonable basic living standard through social assistance, social endowment insurance, medical insurance, maternity insurance, work injury insurance, unemployment insurance, social welfare and social preferential treatment, so as to effectively cope with social risks.

Second, social security can effectively enhance social unity and cooperation. As individuals, people can't survive and develop. Only in social cooperation can people survive and develop. Every member of society should bear certain responsibilities to society. Similarly, society has an unshirkable responsibility and obligation to every member of society, especially to give necessary help to those members who are in a difficult state, so that they can enjoy the benefits brought by social development. If this is done, it will help to narrow the gap between social members and social groups, eliminate social centrifugal factors to the maximum extent, enhance people's general recognition of society, and form an atmosphere of mutual trust between social groups and members, thus improving the degree of social cooperation and interdependence and promoting social integration.

Third, social security can effectively stimulate social vitality. For a society, how to develop the potential of its members will directly affect the motive force of its sustainable development and the overall quality of its development. Marx and Engels believe that the most important goal of social development is to make every member of society develop freely and comprehensively. Members of society can acquire the most basic development ability through necessary compulsory education and vocational training; Through social security, all kinds of worries of social members can be eliminated. In this way, these social members can have normal development ability, at least improve their development ability and make their development potential widely exploited.

Fourth, social security can effectively guarantee the basic level of future survival and development of social members. Social security has not only immediate significance, but also long-term significance. In a sense, social security is a kind of system preparation and arrangement in advance. It can not only effectively solve the current difficulties of vulnerable members of society, but also effectively enhance the ability of social members to solve future difficulties. Therefore, social security is of great significance for maintaining and promoting long-term social harmony.

Put social security and employment in an important position in the supply of government services.

At present, one of the main contradictions in China's economic and social development is the contradiction between the overall rapid growth of public demand and the serious shortage of public products. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, employment continues to be in a state of high pressure, social security is not perfect, urban and rural development and regional development are unbalanced, income distribution gap is widening, social infrastructure is weak, education popularization and labor force education level are low, public health system is not perfect, especially rural grassroots medical and health foundation is weak, spiritual and cultural life is not rich enough, and cultural and sports facilities are very scarce. In addition, the distribution of public service products in China is seriously unbalanced. In other words, when the total amount of public services is insufficient, the distribution of public services is also unbalanced. The existence of these problems is not conducive to the basic needs of different groups to enjoy public services such as education, health and culture, to the balance of interests of different groups, and to the realization of social fairness and justice.

Promoting employment and improving social security are public services that the government should provide, and they are also important responsibilities of the government. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, the prominent contradiction reflected by employment is that the demand for full employment of workers does not adapt to the job supply, and the quality of workers does not adapt to the adjustment of economic structure. The contradiction between the total supply and demand of labor force and the structural contradiction of employment coexist, the pressure of urban employment increases and the transfer of rural surplus labor force to non-agricultural fields accelerates, and the employment of new labor force and the re-employment of unemployed people are intertwined. Take public health service as an example. Because the rural health service capacity and service level are relatively low, the medical security system is not perfect, and the burden of medical expenses exceeds the economic affordability of ordinary rural residents, which affects the utilization of health services by rural residents, and some rural residents fall into a vicious circle of "being trapped by illness" and "returning to poverty due to illness". In the later period of the Tenth Five-Year Plan, the pilot work of establishing a new rural cooperative medical system was carried out. However, because the pilot has just started, the coverage rate is not high, and the level of protection is limited, the problem of basic medical security for farmers has not been fundamentally solved. The demand of urban residents for health services is also growing rapidly, and the requirements for medical services are getting higher and higher. Statistics show that only 15% of the total population in China enjoys medical and health security, and the treatment standards they enjoy are different and vary greatly.

To solve the problems of lagging development of public services, insufficient total supply, insufficient public investment and unbalanced distribution, the key is to solve the problem of government's absence in the field of social public services. Innovating the government management concept and perfecting the public resource management system are the key to improve the government's public service function and ability, and also the central link to promote employment and improve social security during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period.

Perfecting the housing security system is the key to alleviate the housing contradiction.

Housing security system is a concept involving a wide range. Broadly speaking, "homestead" and "welfare housing distribution" are both concrete forms of housing security system. They are systems that guarantee "everyone has a house to live in" at a low level of productivity. Relying on the market to allocate housing resources does not mean that everyone can only rely on their own income to buy a house to live in, nor does it mean that everyone can only rely on market competition and independent decentralized decision-making to obtain housing. Under the condition of market economy, in order to ensure that everyone has a house to live in, the government should implement some special policies and measures to help those who rely solely on the market solve their housing difficulties. This policy system is collectively called the housing security system. Housing security system, unemployment security, old-age security and medical security are all components of the social security system. Judging from the actual situation in China, the housing security system includes four basic aspects.

First, the housing provident fund system. This system includes the joint payment of employers and employees, the exemption of personal income tax from provident fund, the use of provident fund loans to buy houses outside the accumulated part of personal accounts, and the implementation of preferential interest rates for provident fund loans.

Second, the semi-market security system for low-income groups. The affordable housing built by the government through reducing land transfer fees or providing land subsidies and reducing taxes and fees is the embodiment of this system. Affordable housing is a kind of "policy housing", which should be restricted in terms of grade, area and income level of buyers. In the perfect affordable housing system, the government should make mandatory provisions on the proportion of affordable housing that must be included in the annual housing construction area.

Third, the non-market protection methods for vulnerable groups. After all, affordable housing is still "bought" by property buyers. For some difficult groups who can't even afford affordable housing, a government discount system can be established. For example, families with per capita income below a certain level buy affordable housing, and the government subsidizes loan interest. For those who can't afford the discount, the government can provide low-rent housing.

Fourth, the relief methods for the poor groups. Finally, there are a few poor groups who can't even afford the rent of low-rent housing. This requires a system to guarantee their basic housing needs. The specific way is that the government provides rent subsidies to poor families.

These four aspects are only in terms of general housing security. China is a big country with unbalanced development. Starting from the specific national conditions, the housing security system also needs special policies for special problems. For example, how to solve their housing problems in the process of transferring a large number of rural surplus labor to cities and towns; In the process of urbanization, demolition has caused some low-income groups to live far away from the core city, "having a house but not being able to afford a car"; The problem of "village in city" in urban-rural fringe; Old industrial bases and other areas with high social unemployment rate and obviously lagging housing improvement speed. These problems are all aspects that need our in-depth study and improvement as soon as possible. It should be emphasized that as a country with a large population and limited resources, China's housing security system can only aim at "low level and wide coverage" for a long time.

In addition, even if our social affluence is improved, policies cannot encourage extravagant housing consumption. Saving resources is a public interest. This public interest includes the interests of the sustainable development of the national economy, including the interests of all social members, including the interests of our future generations.