What does Changpingcang mean?

Changpingcang means that when the market price of grain is low, the government raises the price to purchase grain from farmers for storage; when the market price of grain rises, the government sells its own grain reserves at a reduced price to stabilize the situation. When a disaster occurs, the food reserves can also be used for disaster relief. ?

Changpingcang is not only a national reserve measure, but also a policy to protect the interests of farmers. Its essence is that the state benefits farmers in the form of financial subsidies.

The origin of Changpingcang

(1) The initial purpose of setting up Changpingcang was to stabilize grain prices, and it was a law for the government to intervene in the grain market. The functions of Changpingcang, which are relatively simple to operate, underwent major changes in the late Tang Dynasty. In addition to the retained function of government intervention in the market, because it was profitable, it was included in the track of making money by the Tang government, which was in financial difficulties. At the same time, it also Yihe also has a certain social relief function.

(2) Compared with Tongtang Pinghe, the Qingmiao Law implemented by Jiu Mu in the first year of Chaoning (1069), the leader of the Song Dynasty, was more of a financial consideration, and its government regulations and related protections were The measure has proved that it is indeed a means of serving the country, and the increase and loss of young people's money has become one of the parameters for market promotion and evaluation at the grassroots level at that time.

The origin of Changpingcang?

The Changpingcang system is an important part of ancient warehousing operations. From its establishment, development to perfection, it has always been promoted as a reserve by rulers. The good method of shortage is the granary set up by the ancient Chinese government to regulate grain prices and store grain to prepare for shortages to supply official needs and people's food.

It mainly uses the law of value to adjust the grain supply and give full play to the market value of stable grain. role. When the market price of grain was low, the grain price was raised appropriately and large quantities were purchased. Not only were the Taicang and Ganquan warehouses, the imperial grain storage warehouses, filled with grain, but the warehouses in Yuebian County were also full. When the market price of grain is high, the price should be appropriately lowered for sale. This measure not only avoids "low price of grain hurting farmers" but also prevents "high price of grain hurting the people". It plays a positive role in stabilizing the grain market and consolidating the feudal political power. It reflects the interests and aspirations of the people to a certain extent.

In the fourth year of Wufeng (54 BC), Changping Cooperation became a formal system and was implemented on a larger scale. Emperor Yuan was deposed in the fifth year of the Yuan Dynasty (44 BC). After the Han Dynasty, Changpingcang was not often abandoned. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the Changpingcang system changed somewhat. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty had a good harvest in Tianbao for four years (745), so he ordered Yicang to harvest crops according to the Changping method, so Yicang also had Changping functions.

In the third year of the Ming Dynasty when Emperor Taizu entered the martial arts, Jinzhou County purchased sales and prepared food in each of the four townships (Ledian was moved within the area), issued banknotes and umbrellas, and helped the people borrow goods during the new year. It became a generation of customization and replaced Pinghui. It is clearly proved that some border towns in Shao established Tangpinghui, Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, and the famous prefectures in Changping and Yi were established. The Taoist priests were assigned to take charge of the Shecang, and records were compiled and reported to the Ministry of Households every year; in the seventeenth year, the method of buying rice in the warehouse was determined, and the rice was sold in the spring and summer, and returned in the autumn and winter. , and the spring is borrowed and the autumn is returned, and one bucket of interest is obtained for each stone; there is peace in all places, and the grain stored in the righteous warehouse will be kept in the local area forever. It also stipulated the number of bridegrooms in large, medium and small states and counties. Later, because the umbrella capital was insufficient, the states and counties were ordered to "persuade" all the halls to share food equally. The provisions of "Yongliu Mujing" are often not implemented. After the mid-term, when the government saves the day, the local halls combine to make a lot of money, and the grain is empty. It is only in name, and it cannot play the role of reducing prices and preparing for hardship.