Wu Yunduo and Pavel Colta King.

In the people's revolutionary struggle led by China's * * * production party, countless heroes emerged. One of the soldiers, who suffered more than 100 injuries, was still disabled in limbs, so he was called "Pavel Colta King of China". This is Wu Yunduo. At that time, his autobiography "Give Everything to the Party" had educated a whole generation.

all one's life

■ Three serious injuries, leaving more than 100 wounds, but all miraculously survived, and the limbs were still struggling.

Wu Yunduo, 19 17, is a native of Pingxiang county, Jiangxi province. I have been to Anyuan Coal Mine since I was a child. Because my father is a small bookkeeper in the mine, he can't support the whole family. Young Wu Yunduo is a coal picker, picking up cinders. At the age of seven, he worked for the workers in Anyuan Coal Mine Club, led by the * * * Production Party. He was able to attend the children's primary school in the east of the coal mine, joined the children's group and served as a propagandist. Because there were many machines and equipment in the coal mine, he became interested in machinery when he was a teenager. The huge flywheel of the air compressor in the blower room made him realize the power of the machine, and his biggest dream was to be a worker in charge of the machine.

1in the summer of 927, the reactionary Kuomintang troops marched into Anyuan, massacred revolutionaries, closed schools, and Wu Yunduo's family life was in a desperate situation. 193 1 year moved to Huangshi, Hubei with his family. Introduced by my father and colleagues, several brothers entered the mine as apprentices and later became electrical masters. In order to find out the working principle of the machine, Wu Yunduo cleaned a small attic in the workshop during the heavy labor gap, regarded it as a "study" and a "laboratory", turned the broken wooden box containing the machine upside down as a desk, and scrimped and saved to buy some industrial books to learn mechanical knowledge. He also gave lectures and told his workmates about machinery.

1937, after the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, the * * * Production Party held an anti-Japanese war lecture in the coal mine. Wu Yunduo goes to class every day, and his home has become a gathering place for workers. He also participated in the publishing station of the Party's Xinhua Daily and mailed it out after work every day. The mine owner reported the case and the police wanted to arrest him. He resolutely joined the New Fourth Army. He was sent to the machine shop of the New Fourth Army Command in Yunling, southern Anhui, and began his military career in the thatched shed of the farmhouse. 1May, 939, gloriously joined the * * * production party.

During the revolutionary war life in Wu Yunduo 10, he went from southern Anhui to northern Jiangsu, then to Huainan, then to Huaiyin and Yimeng Mountain, and then crossed the sea to Dalian in the northeast. For the sake of military industry, his marriage was delayed again and again, and he gave up the opportunity to study in Yan' an. He has served as secretary of the Party branch of the Military Industry Department of the New Fourth Army, deputy director of the Central China Ordnance Department and director of the East China Cannonball Factory, deputy director of the Engineering Department of the Northeast United Ordnance Enterprise and director and party secretary of the Fuze Factory.

At that time, the people's army was poorly equipped and inexperienced, and the danger of production was often no less than that of the front line. Shortly after Wu Yunduo joined the work, during a live ammunition inspection of guns, the homemade barrel suddenly exploded, injuring his left hand. Since then, he was seriously injured three times, leaving more than 100 wounds, but all miraculously survived and passed by death.

Once, the crank of the engine suddenly fell off and hurt his left foot. Then the wound became inflamed. He has a high fever of over 40 degrees and his left leg is infected. The doctor dug away the rotten muscle and left a crescent hole in his ankle. Wu Yunduo had to walk with crutches.

The second time, in order to repair the badly needed old shell casings ahead, he took out mercuric chloride from the scrapped detonator as gunpowder. Although he was soaked in water in advance, the detonator suddenly exploded in his hand, and his left hand was blown off four fingers, his left knee was blown off, exposing his kneecap, and his left eye was almost blind and unconscious 15 days.

The third time, 1947, at the experimental field near Dalian, he and director Wu Pingzhou checked the launched duds together. Suddenly, the shell exploded and Wu Pingzhou died on the spot. Wu Yunduo's left wrist was blown off, his right leg was split in half below the knee, and his toe was blown off in half.

After the founding of New China, Wu Yunduo successively served as deputy director of the Ordnance Bureau of the Ministry of Industry of the Central South Military and Political Commission, director of the First Research Institute of the First Ministry of Machinery Industry, deputy chief engineer of the 20th Research Institute of the Fifth Ministry of Machinery Industry, vice president of the Academy of Mechanical Sciences, and consultant. Over the years, he has often been invited to give lectures in various places. He died in Beijing in May.

background

■ He was a model of China workers during the revolutionary war. The weapons made by the "Valley Arsenal" still scare the enemies and puppet people. Insufficient ammunition, Wu Yunduo took seven apprentices and produced 600,000 rounds of ammunition for the front every year. They have no formal school training. They pay their tuition with blood and learn while doing.

Wu Yunduo's experience is a typical worker who was educated by the Party since childhood and grew up in the revolution with high consciousness. When I was a child in Anyuan Coal Mine, he learned from the workers' movement led by Li, Li and Li that the * * * production party was the savior of the workers. Since then, he has assiduously studied technology and served the party's military industry. He practiced his oath with touching deeds: "Give our strength, our wisdom, our life and everything to the motherland, to the people and to the party!"

During the war years, Wu Yunduo's deeds were also a microcosm of the revolutionary military industry. At that time, "there were no guns and cannons, which were made by the enemy"-weapons were mainly seized from the enemy, but most of the ammunition had to be solved by ourselves. Wu Yunduo, with seven apprentices, produces 600,000 bullets for the front every year. They have no formal school training. They pay their tuition with blood and learn while doing. Wu Yunduo had never seen a mine before. By reading books and then testing, filling an empty mortar shell with explosives and screwing on an electric detonator made of an electric light bulb, various mines were developed. At that time, the conditions of military production were extremely difficult. In the ordnance institute of the New Fourth Army, the rotating bed was made by ourselves, and the double track in the barrel was carved by ourselves. If you don't have an engine, you can borrow a stone mill from your hometown, insert an iron bar as an axle, and shake the millstone by hand to become an engine. The ammunition, repaired and self-made weapons made by "Valley Arsenal" were sent to the front line in batches, which still made the enemy and puppet troops feel frightened. The development of new China military enterprises is closely related to inheriting the glorious tradition of the old military enterprises.

story

■ Some soldiers of the New Fourth Army are still fighting with shotguns; At that time, each soldier generally had only three bullets, and he had to support the bullet bag with sorghum stalks. After learning this situation, Wu Yunduo returned to the arsenal from the hospital without recovery.

When Wu Yunduo was recovering in the New Fourth Army Hospital, he listened to the introduction of the wounded who came down from the front line: due to the lack of weapons, some soldiers were still fighting with shotguns; Generally, each soldier only has three bullets. Usually, in order to be strong, the bullet bag has to be propped up with sorghum stalks. After the war, we must pick up the shell casings and hand them in for reloading. He couldn't lie down in the hospital any longer, regardless of the wound, and dragged his disabled body back to the factory with a tree stick. When he was injured for the second time, he was lying in the hospital bed and couldn't go to the ground, so he drew a sketch of the weapon design on the bed, which caused the wound to burst and bleeding, but he didn't know it, so the doctor had to confiscate his pen and notebook. In the New Fourth Army, in view of the fact that the Japanese puppet troops built bunkers around Jinpu Road in Huainan, rifles and grenades were difficult to deal with, Wu Yunduo designed and manufactured a simple flat-fire gun specially used for tackling key problems. In the battle to capture Jigang, 36 guns were fired in unison, and the bunker immediately fell apart. Later, he expanded the caliber of the gun from 36 cm to 42 cm, and the range increased to 4 km. The Grenade he designed and manufactured has a range of 540 meters and is also very popular with the army. On one occasion, American planes bombed Japanese-occupied areas, dropping eight bombs, and Wu Yunduo went to dismantle them. At this point, the parts inside the bomb are deformed by vibration, and the bomb is very close, so one explosion will detonate others. Wu Yunduo told everyone to hide in a safe place, dead or alive. He went forward to examine the structure carefully and carefully removed the fuse, which not only eliminated the danger for the people, but also took out a lot of explosives.

■ The doctor who was injured for the third time did not dare to use anesthetic for fear that he would not wake up after anesthesia.

■ Mrs. ostrovsky heard that "Paul of China" came to Moscow and went to see him specially.

In military production, Wu Yunduo was severely disabled. When he was injured for the third time, the rescue doctor was afraid that he would not wake up after anesthesia, and even dared not use anesthetic during the operation, but Wu Yunduo survived. After X-ray examination, the doctor found a small piece of shrapnel left in his right eye, so he told him frankly that he was in danger of blindness. Wu Yunduo said: "If I were blind, I would go to the countryside as a blind propagandist!" In the hospital bed, he insisted on completing the design of the fuse with his only weak vision, bought chemicals and instruments, set up an explosives laboratory in the convalescent room, and manufactured new advanced explosives. At the same time, in order to read the reference materials, he also studied Japanese. Wu Yunduo likes reading How Steel was Tempered, and worships Paul, the hero in the book. /kloc-in the winter of 0/949, the party organization sent him to the Soviet Union to treat eye diseases. In Moscow, the wife of ostrovsky, the author of How Steel was Tempered, heard about his heroic deeds and went to the hospital to visit him. Soviet doctors revered this "China Paul". After careful treatment, Wu Yunduo recovered part of his vision. 1950 After returning to China, he was invited to attend the Tiananmen National Day ceremony. 1953, dragging his disabled body, he wrote an autobiographical novel "Give Everything to the Party", which was published in more than 5 million copies and translated into Russian, English, Japanese and other languages, becoming a textbook that inspired people to make progress at that time.

Beijing Youth Daily+June 1 1