? To the 30-year-old unmarried person: Do you know the social harm of "leftover men"?

A few days ago, another blind date meeting was held in Shanghai, and the blind date scene was magnificent. However, there were more women than men on the scene. According to the media and matchmaking companies, the girls attending the Expo are excellent, especially those aged 28 and over. They have a good educational background and stable and decent jobs. Many of them are business backbones in large enterprises. On the other hand, some boys have average qualifications and excellent academic performance. Perhaps the excellent male of school age already belongs to others, so it is unnecessary to take part in such activities.

Similar blind date conferences are now spread all over Beijing, An, Hangzhou, Guangzhou and other places, which shows that the difficulty of getting married has become a national problem. It is really sad for those intellectual women who have reached marriageable age, but they are still alone, but deep down, I feel more gratified and admired for them. These outstanding women don't belong yet, because of their inner persistence-they hope to find an ideal partner who is recognized, appreciated and obedient by them in career achievements, quality and conduct.

A woman's eyes are high, but a man's marriage is not necessarily!

Nowadays, with the rapid development of society, the competitiveness of men and women has formed a relative gap. Excellent women are usually busy with work and have less social time. And excellent men can often determine the relationship between marriage and love earlier. Therefore, excellent women have become an unattainable highland in the field of marriage. In China, high-income single women who have passed marriageable age are called "leftover women". But in fact, no matter in Taiwan Province province or Chinese mainland, there are more "leftover men" who can't get married, which leads to many economic and social problems.

Shen En, the winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics, found that in China, for example, in 1990, the ratio of women to men was about 94: 100 (the normal value should be102), which means that there are 8 women in every 100 men. Shen En called them "missing women". Based on the 550 million men at that time, there were as many as 44 million missing women in China. If India, Pakistan and other countries with serious discrimination are included, in the early 1990s, the total number of missing women in the world easily exceeded 1 100 million!

With the progress of the times, the treatment of women has been improved to a considerable extent, both in medical care and education. The problem of missing women should be greatly improved. Paradoxically, according to German professor Creson's estimation, even in the early 20th century, the total number of missing women in these countries was as high as 1 100 million!

The emergence of policy and gender identification technology are two main reasons to offset the improvement brought about by the decline of female mortality. From 65438 to 0979, China began to implement the one-child policy. Although the original intention was to control the population growth, at that time, the sex screening technology including ultrasound and amniocentesis was just mature, and the reproductive behavior changed greatly. Some scholars have studied the statistical data of China Customs, and found that the ultrasonic machine imported from 1989 alone is enough for each county in China! In India, the sign outside the obstetrics and gynecology department at that time read: "Five hundred rupees now (screening fee) and fifty thousand rupees later (daughter's dowry)."

Is "leftover man" a social hazard?

From 65438 to 0980, the ratio of male to female newborns in China was still within the normal range of 105~ 106. However, the ratio of 1990 rose to 1 12. According to the census data in 2000, the sex ratio of newborns reached the highest in history 1 17, and the sex ratio of the third child reached 160. A study published in the British Medical Journal calculated that there are 32 million more men under the age of 20 than women, which is about equal to the total population of Canada and 1.5 times that of Taiwan Province Province!

What are the social consequences of "leftover men"? Some studies have found that women born in relatively few periods have husbands who are more educated, richer and more willing to share more housework. In fact, the phenomenon that men from other provinces "love one person more" in the early days of Taiwan Province Province is also the same reason.

However, in addition, the influence of leftover men on the whole society is negative: first, this phenomenon will distort the saving and consumption behavior of society. Wei, a professor at Columbia University in the United States, found that many families in China (especially in rural areas) have adopted ways of reducing consumption and increasing savings to cope with the rising employment costs. Is this obvious? It will greatly reduce the multiplier effect of the overall economic policy (such as home appliances going to the countryside).

More seriously, the "leftover men" who lost in the marriage market competition increased the risk of social instability. In the Qing Dynasty, there was a saying in Taiwan Province Province that "three years of minor chaos and five years of major chaos", which was basically related to "Luohanjiao". Professor Edland of Columbia University and others also found that the more serious the "leftover men" in China, the higher the crime rate.

Further reading: There are also leftover men in Taiwan Province Province.

Since 1990, the sex ratio of the total population in Taiwan Province Province has dropped from 107 to 102 in 2008, indicating that there are almost no men. However, if we look at the sex ratio of newborns, there are still hidden concerns: in the early 1980s, the sex ratio of newborns in Taiwan Province Province remained at around 106, which was not far from the normal value. However, by 2008, the ratio will reach about 1 10, and the ratio of the third child may be as high as 120: 100. This means that from 20 10, at least about 8% of men of marriageable age will not find a partner for 20 years in a row.

How should Taiwan Province society respond to the impact of the imbalance of sex ratio? As far as passive prevention and control is concerned, educational units should put more counseling resources on boys who are at high risk of deviant behavior (such as middle school dropouts), and public security units should also formulate prevention and control strategies for young men's impulsive crimes, such as ganging up, fighting and racing.

If we want to take precautions actively, we must start with how to improve the civil economic and political rights of new immigrants such as employment, education and social adaptation, design a more efficient interview mechanism for marriage immigrants, reduce immigration costs and solve the gender imbalance in the marriage market.

Readers may find out why I didn't mention how * * * should make laws to get rid of the bad habit of son preference. From the perspective of Chicago School, the market can solve this problem. When parents find that there are more people who want to chase after her than girls who are similar to their daughters 20 years ago, and they have better conditions at home and more bargaining power after marriage, the son-in-law is willing to spend more time on himself: Who can resist the temptation to have a daughter?