Relocation of immigrants in Yang Shan

I have always believed that I will be able to return to my motherland. Today, I finally came back! This is the reception given by Qian Xuesen, a famous scientist and rocket expert in China.

Qian Xuesen's wife Jiang Ying.

On behalf of Comrade Zhu, a scientist of China Academy of Sciences, he made a very emotional remark. Under the care of Premier Zhou Enlai, he left for home on September 6th, and arrived in Hongkong and Guangzhou on June 6th.

1In August, 935, Qian Xuesen went to the United States to study and study aviation engineering and aerodynamics as a public student. Before returning to China, he was the director of the California Institute of Technology Supersonic Laboratory and the director of the Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Research Center. Qian Xuesen 1935 went to study in the United States. 10 years later, he became a first-class rocket expert at that time. It is famous for its amazing rocket theory that "a rocket with a speed of 10,000 kilometers per hour has become possible". During World War II, Professor Von Carmen of California Institute of Technology and his tutor participated in the research and development of missile nuclear weapons, which was the top secret Manhattan project of the United States at that time. He was one of the few rare talents in the United States.

The disaster of going home

When the news of People's Republic of China (PRC)'s birth reached the United States, Qian Xuesen and his wife, Jiang Ying, could not restrain their inner joy and discussed returning to China to serve the motherland as soon as possible. At this time, the United States, led by McCarthy, conducted a comprehensive investigation on the producers of * * *, and launched a campaign aimed at employees throughout the United States.

A group photo of Qian Xuesen after returning to China.

The hysteria of loyalty to the American government. Qian Xuesen's certificate to participate in confidential research was suddenly revoked by the US military department because he was suspected of being a producer of * * * and refused to expose his friends. This made him very angry. Qian Xuesen asked to return to China on this ground. However, Qian Xuesen never imagined that his willingness to return to China turned into a disaster! The US Deputy Navy Secretary said: "He knows all the core secrets of the US missile program. One Qian Xuesen is worth five marine divisions. I would rather shoot this guy than let him go back to China! " Another said that the second minister said, "I didn't mean to arrest him. It's terrible. " "This is the stupidest thing this country has ever done."

Since then, the political persecution of him by the United States has followed. Immigration raided his home and detained him in Temina Island for 65,438+04 days. He was not released until he received a huge bail of $65,438+$5,000 from California Institute of Technology. Later, the customs confiscated his luggage, including 800 kilograms of books and notebooks. They insisted that there were confidential materials in it. In fact, Qian Xuesen once asked them to check before packing. After reviewing all his materials again, the American prosecutor proved that he was aboveboard.

Hope of returning to China

The news that Qian Xuesen was persecuted in the United States soon spread to China, and New China was shocked! Friends in domestic scientific and technological circles support Qian Xuesen through various channels. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China is extremely concerned about Qian Xuesen's situation in the United States, and the China government publicly issued a statement condemning the US government for imprisoning Qian Xuesen against his will.

1954 in April, the United States, Britain, China, the Soviet Union and France held an international conference in Geneva to discuss the settlement of the Korean issue and restore peace in zhina. Zhou Enlai, head of the China delegation attending the meeting, thought that a group of overseas students and scientists in China were detained in the United States, so he instructed that since the Americans asked British diplomats to dredge relations with us, we should seize this opportunity and open up new channels of contact.

On June 5, 2004, Wang Bingnan, Secretary-General of the China delegation, held preliminary talks with US representative and Deputy Secretary of State Johnson on the national issues of the two countries. The United States submitted to China a list of overseas Chinese and some American soldiers detained by China, asking China to give them a chance to return home. In order to show China's sincerity, Zhou Enlai instructed Wang Bingnan to make generous concessions in the third Sino-US talks held in June 1954, and also demanded that the United States stop detaining Qian Xuesen and other China students studying in the United States.

Wedding photos of Qian Xuesen and Jiang Ying.

However, China's just request was unreasonably rejected by the United States. 1954 on July 2 1 day, the Geneva conference closed. In order not to interrupt communication channels, Zhou Enlai instructed Wang Bingnan to agree to hold consular talks in Geneva from July 22nd. 1954. To further demonstrate China's sincerity in the Sino-US negotiations, China released four detained American pilots.

China's high-profile attitude is ultimately to let Qian Xuesen and other scientists studying in the United States return to China as soon as possible-but on this key issue, US Congressman Johnson still refuses to let go, because China can't come up with the real reason why Qian Xuesen wants to return to China.

Return to China successfully

Just as Premier Zhou Enlai was anxious about this, Chen Shutong, then vice chairman of the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), received a letter from the other side of the ocean. He opened it and signed it "Qian Xuesen". He couldn't help feeling a shock. He finished reading the letter quickly. The content of the letter was originally to ask the motherland government to help him return to China.

This letter was written by Qian Xuesen to his Belgian relative (Jiang Ying's sister) on a small piece of cigarette paper, and was given to Vice Chairman Chen Shutong. For such an unusual overseas letter, Chen Shutong knew its weight and gave it to Premier Zhou the same day. "This is really great, and it can completely refute the lies of the US government!" Premier Zhou Enlai immediately made careful arrangements, instructed the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to give this letter to Wang Bingnan, who was holding ambassadorial talks between China and the United States, and instructed Wang Bingnan: "This letter is very valuable. This is irrefutable evidence that the American authorities are still preventing China citizens from returning to China. You should use this letter to expose their lies in the negotiations. "

1 954 August1August, Wang Bingnan took the lead in saying to Johnson, "Mr. ambassador, before we start the discussion, I have been ordered to inform you of the following news: on July 3 1 July, the China government decided to release1kloc including Arnold Wei according to China's legal procedures. I hope that this measure taken by the China government will have a positive impact on our talks. " When it comes to Qian Xuesen's return to China, Johnson still repeats the same old tune: "There is no evidence that Qian Xuesen will return to China, and the US government cannot force orders!" Therefore, Wang Bingnan flashed Qian Xuesen's letter to Chen Shutong and confidently retorted: "Since the US government issued an announcement as early as April 1955, allowing scholars studying in the United States to travel freely, why did Dr. Qian Xuesen, a scientist from China, write to the China government for help in June? Obviously, the request of China scholars to return to China is still blocked. " In the face of facts, Johnson was speechless. The American government had to approve Qian Xuesen's request to return to China. 1On August 4, 955, Qian Xuesen received a notice from the US Immigration Bureau allowing him to return to China.

1955 September 17, Qian Xuesen's dream of returning to China has finally come true! On this day, Qian Xuesen, with his wife Jiang Ying and a pair of young children, boarded the ship "President Cleveland" and embarked on the journey of returning to the motherland.

Thanks to Qian Xuesen's return to China, China's missile and atomic bomb launches were at least 20 years ahead of schedule.

Triple excitement

"The first time was in 1955, and I was allowed to return to China. I took a newly published "Engineering Cybernetics" and gave it to my teacher von Carmen. He flipped through it and sighed with emotion: "You have surpassed me academically now. "I, Qian Xuesen, have surpassed such a world-famous authority academically and won anger for China people. I am very excited.

"The second time is the anniversary of the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC) 10. I was accepted as party member, the producer's party in China, and I was too excited to sleep well.

"I am excited for the third time, just this year. This year, I read the preface written by Comrade Wang for Biography. In this preface, he said that the Central Organization Department identified Lei Feng, Jiao Youlu, Wang Jinxi, Shi Laihe and Qian Xuesen as five outstanding representatives of party member who enjoyed high prestige among the masses in the past 50 years since liberation. I can stand side by side with them. Why am I not excited? ! "

return

Qian Xuesen left the United States on 1955 and never returned. He insisted that he would never go to the United States again in his life as long as the US government did not formally apologize for "deporting" him that year. It turns out that anyone who has an expulsion record in the archives of the US Immigration Service must go through some kind of Amnesty procedure before entering the country. "Qian Xuesen is innocent, why do you need Amnesty?"

"He is a person who values the interests and honor of the motherland and the nation above all else. He can be said to be a China person who is loyal to the country and full of national integrity. " Jiang Ying realized Qian Xuesen's unique patriotic complex.

According to the tenet of MIT, students of all professional disciplines should practice in the corresponding factories and scientific research departments during the semester. Qian Xuesen should go to the airplane factory for an internship. But he did not expect that American aircraft manufacturers only allowed American students to practice and did not accept foreign students. This racial discrimination is another heavy blow to Qian Xuesen in the United States.

1947, Qian Xuesen returned to the motherland for the first time after leaving the United States 12 years. After a simple wedding with Jiang Ying, he and his wife returned to the United States to study business harder. He clearly knows that in America, this is just a post station in his life, and the distant motherland is his eternal home.

Since being placed under house arrest by the American government, their whole family has been in shock for three nights and often moved. Jiang Ying, as his faithful companion, gave him great courage and strength. Jiang Ying recalled: "We always put three light boxes around us, ready to be allowed to fly back to China at any time every day; It can be said that he was eventually deported as an "American prisoner".