What are the five large-scale ethnic migrations in the history of China?

1, Yongjia Rebellion, Jinshi moved south, Central Plains Han people moved south to Jiangnan, Hunan and Hubei.

At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, there was a rebellion of eight kings, and the strength of the rulers was greatly reduced. Northern minorities took the opportunity to go south and invaded Luoyang, the hinterland of the Central Plains. This is the famous five chaos in history. The royal aristocrats, rich families and large families of the Han nationality in the Central Plains moved south one after another, which led to the emergence of many hometown of overseas Chinese in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Such as Nansizhou, South Xuzhou, South Yanzhou, South Hongnong and South Xin 'an, refer to the hometown of overseas Chinese of northerners exiled in Jiangnan during the Eastern Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties.

2. An Shi Rebellion, Chinese painting charcoal? Han people in Henan, Hebei and Shaanxi went south to Jianghuai and west to Sichuan.

The Anshi Rebellion lasted for eight years, which caused serious damage to the social economy of the Tang Dynasty. More seriously, since then, the Central Plains region has fallen into a state of chaos in which the vassal regime has been divided for a hundred years, and the relatively peaceful south has once again become the first choice for Central Plains residents to escape from the war.

3, the shame of Jingkang, nomads from the south? Emperor Gaozong crossed the south, and the residents of the Central Plains moved south on a large scale.

This great escape is recorded in many novels and operas in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The total migration to the south is 5 million, which is the largest migration of Han nationality in the Central Plains. Nowadays, there are a large number of northern immigrants in southeast provinces, even as far away as Fujian and Guangdong, with relatively concentrated areas in southern Jiangsu and Zhejiang. This immigration activity has formed a "Hakka" ethnic group with great influence in the world today.

4. In the early Ming Dynasty, Sophora japonica migrated from the south of Shanxi to the Central Plains on a large scale.

From the Song Dynasty to the early Ming Dynasty, after hundreds of years of war, floods and locusts in the North China Plain surpassed those in any dynasty, and a large number of people migrated. It never rains but it pours. 1350, the Mongolian Plateau and the North China Plain fell into an unprecedented plague, and the population of the North China Plain further lost. The Ming Dynasty expelled the Tatars and restored China. Zhu Yuanzhang decided to transfer people from Shanxi to fill the North China Plain, including 930,000 people from Henan, 2 1 from Shandong and 4 1 from Hebei. Nowadays, many people in Henan, Hebei and Shandong take the locust tree in Hongtong as their ancestral home. This is not only passed down from generation to generation, but also seen in genealogy and history.

5, Guangdong, Fujian and other coastal residents in South Asia.

The geographical concept of Nanyang mainly refers to the vast area including today's 10 ASEAN countries. In the last years of China's feudal dynasty, ordinary people who could not bear the war and former nobles who lost power emigrated overseas. Due to its geographical proximity, Southeast Asia has become a place of immigration and refuge for China immigrants. Therefore, this migration is called "Lower South Asia" in history. But the real trip to South Asia began in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties and reached its climax in the late Qing Dynasty. By 1905, the total number of overseas Chinese has reached 7 million. Until modern times, China people migrated to Southeast Asia. The refugees from Lower Nanyang come from most provinces and regions in China, but more than 95% are from Fujian and Guangdong.

Extended data:

After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), there have been several major immigration activities:

1, Production and Construction Corps: Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps was established, and 654.38+million educated youths from Shanghai and farmers from Shandong, Henan, Jiangxi and Sichuan provinces joined the Corps. 1974, the total population of XPCC reached 2.26 million, accounting for about 1/5 of the total population in Xinjiang and 2/5 of the Han population in Xinjiang. Heilongjiang Production and Construction Corps had 654.38+million demobilized officers and soldiers in that year, and also received 500,000 educated youths from this province, Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Hangzhou. Inner Mongolia Production and Construction Corps has absorbed more than 200,000 young intellectuals from Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin and other big cities and cities in the autonomous region. Although many educated youths later returned to the city, they also left many people behind.

2. "Third Line" Construction: If viewed from the satellite, the third line area is the vast mountain hinterland east of Wushaoling in Gansu, west of Beijing-Guangzhou Railway, south of Yanmenguan in Shanxi and north of Shaoguan in Guangdong. In 16, the state invested heavily in 13, a third-tier province, which absorbed 4 million workers, cadres and intellectuals and built 13.

Since the reform and opening up, the labor force has flocked to the southeast coast, and migrant workers have entered the city. According to this report, more than 1 100 million migrant workers move back and forth between urban and rural areas. How many people have settled down now? There are no exact figures, but this is probably the largest migration movement in China's history.

References:

China Children's Network-Migration of China People-See where your ancestors are.