What are the negative impacts of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project?

Negative effects of South-to-North Water Transfer Project

1. Migration

At present, the compensation for immigrants in China is seriously low. At present, the compensation standard is entirely based on the net income of farmers, but most farmers in China can only maintain the minimum living standard, that is, solve the problem of food and clothing. Moreover, the annual surplus of farmers is basically zero. The compensation calculated on this basis is far from satisfying the survival and sustainable development of farmers. Even in coastal areas, the per capita one-time compensation for landless farmers does not exceed 20,000 yuan. According to the author's calculation according to the internationally accepted standards, even in the remote rural areas in the Three Gorges area, the per capita one-time compensation standard for landless farmers in China should be at least 300,000 yuan. Judging from this standard, the one-time compensation for the Three Gorges Project resettlement should be at least 360 billion yuan, which is a substantial compensation directly paid to farmers, not including the deduction by local governments at all levels. The number of migrants in the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project is as high as 400,000, and the one-time compensation for migrants should be at least 654.38+0.20 billion yuan, which has exceeded the project budget of the Middle Route Project of 6543.8+0.654.38+0.60 billion yuan.

The author also calculated that the one-time compensation standard for landless farmers in Shanghai is at least 600,000 yuan, and that for coastal areas is at least 400,000 yuan. 300,000 in the central region and more than 250,000 in the western region. Therefore, the South-to-North Water Transfer Project is actually a continuation of the central planned economy.

2. The Yangtze River Delta has been seriously affected.

The Yangtze River estuary 6000 years ago is today's Nanjing area, and the Yangtze River estuary 2000 years ago is today's Nantong. This shows that the Yangtze River sediment plays a supporting role in the Yangtze River Delta. The South-to-North Water Transfer Project transfers tens of billions of cubic meters of water from the reservoir to the north every year, and the sediment brought by the Yangtze River is bound to be greatly reduced, which will endanger the Yangtze River Delta region, the economic center of China. According to the author's estimation, the GDP of two provinces and one city in the Yangtze River Delta in 2005 was 2.2 trillion yuan, 654.38+0.39 billion yuan and 265.438+0.00 billion yuan respectively, accounting for more than 25% of the whole country.

The decrease of discharge will inevitably lead to the backflow of salt water in the Yangtze River estuary, which will lead to the deterioration of surface water and groundwater quality in the Yangtze River Delta and the destruction of freshwater ecosystem in the estuary area.

3. The problem of manually cleaning rivers

Rainfall in northern China is mainly concentrated in June, July and August. A heavy rain may completely block some rivers flowing through artificial rivers, making them completely useless.

4. Excessive water transfer

The main purpose of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project is to solve the water problem of the northern population, followed by industrial water, and generally only agricultural water is considered. Even for agricultural water use, the Israeli model should be adopted. In 2005, the industrial and agricultural water consumption in Beijing was about 1 100 million cubic meters, and the domestic water consumption of residents was only 540 million cubic meters. Therefore, the author believes that even if Beijing uses water, an increase of 50% on this basis can solve the problem, that is, the regulation of Beijing's annual water consumption of 500 million cubic meters is completely possible. Considering the water consumption of Beijing 10, the South-to-North Water Transfer Project is only 5 billion cubic meters, while the light middle route project of the current water transfer scheme is1300 million cubic meters. The annual water flow of the Yangtze River is 900 billion cubic meters, accounting for more than half according to the basin area below the middle line. That is to say, the total water flow in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River is only 400 billion cubic meters. The author thinks that the total amount of water transfer should not exceed the standard of 3% of the total river flow.