Encyclopedia of Yi Ming Net Celebrities: a brief introduction to Sheng Xuanhuai and photos of Sheng Xuanhuai.

Sheng Xuanhuai (1844 165438+200610.4-1965438+April 27), a native of Longxi, Wujin County, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province, was a politician in the late Qing Dynasty and a representative of the Westernization Movement. The founders of Beiyang University (now Tianjin University) and Jiaotong University are also industrialists and welfare workers. In addition, he has many numbers, such as the second interpretation, building repair and so on.

2 backward, 3 evaluation, 4 families.

Sheng Xuanhuai's father, Kang Sheng, was an official of the Qing Dynasty. He made friends with Li Hongzhang. Sheng is the length of six brothers. 1870, Sheng was recruited into the shogunate by Li Hongzhang, appreciated by Li, and promoted to magistrate the following year. 187 1 year, Jishui and Shengkang donated clothes and grain, which were purchased by Sheng Xuanhuai and transported to Tianjin for distribution. This is the first time that Sheng Xuanhuai has been engaged in welfare undertakings.

1872, he suggested that Li Hongzhang build merchant ships to provide the cost of building warships, which was adopted by Li Hongzhang. Li Hongzhang appointed Sheng to run China Merchants, the first steamship enterprise in China, which was the beginning of Sheng's steamship operation. 1873, China merchants ship officially opened, and Sheng Xuanhuai served as the conference office. Since then, he has officially become one of the core figures in the Westernization Movement in the late Qing Dynasty.

1875, Li Hongzhang entrusted Sheng to handle the coal and iron mine affairs in Hubei, and Sheng began to handle the mining industry from then on.

1879, Sheng suggested setting up a telegraph office, and Li adopted his suggestion and appointed him to be in charge of the telegraph office. 188 1 year, Sheng Xuanhuai was appointed as the general manager of Tianjin-Shanghai telegraph land line, and China entered the telecommunications industry from then on. 1882 In order to prevent foreigners from setting up telegraph networks along the coast of China, Li appointed Sheng to set up telegraph lines from Shanghai to Guangdong, Ningbo, Fuzhou and Xiamen.

In the 9th year of Guangxu (1883), Sheng Xuanhuai was in charge of Tianjin Customs. He was punished for misappropriating customs money to help the telegraph industry and confusing the funds of various departments, but he was not demoted for pleading. This year, he succeeded in striking a blow to Hu Xueyan's career by telegraph, which made Hu Xueyan bankrupt overnight.

From 65438 to 0892, he began to supervise the introduction of Sheng Xuanhuai, a textile industry, and founded Huasheng Textile General Factory. 1895 After the treaty of shimonoseki was signed, Sheng Xuanhuai repeatedly asked for his dismissal, but it was not allowed again and again.

1895 10 On February 2nd, Sheng Xuanhuai told Emperor Guangxu to set up a new school through a brief introduction by Wang Wenshao Sheng Xuanhuai, governor of Zhili. With the approval of the imperial court, Emperor Guangxu founded Tianjin Beiyang Western Learning School. 1903 was renamed Beiyang University Hall, which was the first government-run university in the modern history of China and the predecessor of Tianjin University. From 65438 to 0896, Sheng Xuanhuai began to supervise railways. From 65438 to 0896, Sheng Xuanhuai founded Shanghai Nanyang Public School, the predecessor of Jiaotong University.

Sheng Xuanhuai also founded the second-class school of Tianjin Beiyang School, which opened on February 2nd, 1895. It is the earliest public middle school in China with a four-year schooling. Now it is Haihe Middle School in Tianjin.

1896 also opened China Commercial Bank in Shanghai Bund. He supported Kang Youwei's reform, but thought Kang was too hasty.

1898, Pingxiang Coal Mine was established in an all-round way. 1908, it merged with Hanyang Iron Works and Daye Iron Mine to form the first iron and steel joint venture in China-Hanyeping Coal and Iron Factory and Mine Company.

1900, Sheng opposed the practice of supporting the Boxer Rebellion in the early Qing Dynasty, and ordered local telegraph offices to detain the imperial edict that the Qing court summoned the Boxer Rebellion, which was only shown to local governors. At the same time, he telegraphed them not to obey this order. Under his contact, the governors of the Yangtze River basin and Suzhou and Hangzhou signed the Southeast Mutual Protection Treaty with the great powers. From then on, China warlords began to break away from the central command. This is the beginning of the warlord era, and it can be said that Sheng played a decisive role in it. Sheng advocated peace talks with the great powers at that time. Li Hongzhang invited him to go with him when he went to Beijing for peace talks. Beijing also announced that he would go to Beijing, but he felt that Beijing's politics was too unreliable, so a letter refused him to go to Beijing. Sheng Xuanhuai manages many undertakings, such as telegraph, mining, customs, railways, etc. , is the main income of the Qing court in Beijing. Therefore, Beijing can't tolerate him. Instead, it praises him for protecting the peace in the Yangtze River valley and adding him as the Prince of Taibao.

1905 Sheng Xuanhuai founded the China red cross in Shanghai. In the same year, he ceded the railway rights to Tang, which was the beginning of the transportation system with great power headed by Tang in the early Beiyang period.

1907, Sheng Xuanhuai was called to Beijing, and was appointed as the right assistant minister of the postal department the following year. 19 10 After Yuan Shikai was dismissed from office, Sheng Xuanhuai was taken seriously. 19 1 1 was promoted to minister of postal communications. He suggested that the railways and postal services established by the provinces themselves be transformed into * * *. This measure has been opposed by many places, and road protection movements have taken place in Sichuan, Guangdong, Hunan and Hubei. Sheng Xuanhuai ordered repression everywhere. 19110 After the Wuchang Uprising broke out, Sheng Xuanhuai invited Yuan Shikai to come out of the mountain. At the same time, it was condemned by all parties. Many people blamed the unrest on his road closure policy, and Sheng Xuanhuai was removed from his post and never used it again. Sheng fled to Japan.

19 12 autumn, after its establishment, Sheng Xuanhuai returned to Shanghai and continued to preside over China Merchants and Hanyeping Company in Shanghai Concession. Sheng Xuanhuai supported Yuan Shikai, hoping that Yuan would win the second revolution. 19 15 Japan tried to win over Sheng, but Sheng refused. 1965438+On April 27th, 2006, Sheng Xuanhuai passed away in Shanghai. His funeral was extremely grand. Sheng Xuanhuai's funeral caused a sensation in Shanghai, costing 302,000 silver. The funeral procession went from Xie Qiao Lane (Wujiang Road) to the Bund, and the concession authorities specially arranged traffic control.

Pingxiang coal mine in Sheng Xuanhuai has played a great role in Japanese economy, especially in steel industry. With the financial support from Japan, the descendants of Sheng Xuanhuai immigrated to Japan. Now Chicago in the Tokyo port area is cooking Chinese food, and the name of the restaurant is also called "Lingering Garden".

After Sheng Xuanhuai's death, several temples were built to commemorate him:

Levin, a historical novelist, has a low opinion of Sheng Xuanhuai. History of Qing Palace: "Li Hongzhang mocked Sheng Xuanhuai's next word' Lian' in Beijing, saying that if Sheng Xuanhuai can be called clean, girls in eight hutong classes can build a prescription to show their chastity". However, as an official in the late Qing Dynasty, Sheng's forward-looking and pragmatic spirit is commendable. It is an indisputable fact that Sheng has made outstanding contributions to the cause of communication education in China.

Sheng Xuanhuai has married six wives: Dong Shi, Dehua, Diao, Liu, Liu and Xiao. There are eight sons and eight daughters;