How do farmers increase their income and get rich?

China is a big agricultural country, with more than 800 million people living in rural areas, accounting for more than 60% of the total population. According to statistics, in 2006, the per capita net income of farmers in China was only 3587 yuan, and the per capita disposable income of urban residents in China was 1 1759 yuan, which was less than 1/3 of the income of urban residents. And even this 3587 yuan, most of it is not from agriculture. In recent years, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China the State Council has paid unprecedented attention to the issues concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and clearly put forward that solving the issues concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers should be the top priority of the whole party's work. I think to solve this problem, the most important thing is to solve the problem of farmers making money and getting rich. In contrast, other problems are not problems. Farmers (for the convenience of discussion, people born or settled in rural areas in this paper are collectively referred to as "farmers") can be discussed from two aspects. The first is what farmers should do most; The second is how the government should help farmers get rich. 1. What should farmers do most? Under the condition of market economy, farmers should not be born to farm, nor should they stipulate that they can only farm all their lives. Instead, you should do what you should do, make the most money, and make money where you can make more money. The following suggestions can be consulted: 1. Improve farmers' own quality, cultivate the concept of market economy and attach importance to children's education. Although China has a large rural population, it doesn't matter. Professor Zhang Wuchang, a famous economist, put it well: "If you are ignorant, the less the better;" If you have talent, the more the better "(of course, human development has its own laws, and the population cannot grow indefinitely, as evidenced by the population changes in developed countries). You see, there are so many enterprises in China, and almost no one claims to have many talents. Therefore, it is very important for farmers to improve their own quality if they want to get rich. In today's China, people's income level and education level are more and more closely related. Although personally, people with high income levels may not have never received higher education, and those who have received higher education may not be able to get rich. But as far as groups are concerned, the income level of groups with more education is always higher than that of groups with less education. Most rural areas in China are still relatively poor, and they don't pay much attention to education. To improve the quality of farmers, on the one hand, farmers should change their ideas and regard education investment as the most important investment; On the other hand, the government should really shoulder the responsibility of "nine-year compulsory education". Of course, there are many ways to improve the quality of farmers. In addition to receiving formal education from the school, traditional ways of learning are learning from teachers, working while going out, reading books and watching TV by yourself (especially the special program "Getting Rich Classic" of CCTV 7). The content of learning should also be varied and vary from person to person, but the most important thing is to cultivate the concept of market economy and learn professional skills, investment and financial management, dealing with people and other knowledge that is convenient for making money. Because a person without the concept of market economy is always reluctant to leave the countryside; A person without professional skills can only sell coolies when he leaves the countryside; A person who can't invest in financial management doesn't know what to do with the money he earned in the city, but he ran back to a remote rural area and built a big house with hard-earned hard-earned money. Finally, I returned to work in the city; A person who can't handle people's affairs, has the ability and is not easy to find a good job opportunity and a satisfactory partner. Although I come from a peasant family, it is precisely because I received a college education. And learn from the strengths of many economists. It changed the fate of the whole family, and then changed the fate of thousands of people. 2. According to the traffic location, natural resources and the economic situation of surrounding areas, rural areas should develop local products or develop local unique resources according to local conditions. For example, Hunan tin mine is rich in antimony ore, which is known as the "antimony capital of the world", so many local farmers "abandon agriculture and start mining". With the gradual accumulation of capital, I built a smelter. Now many big bosses of tin mines are farmers. National Highway 107 is one of the busiest expressways in China, so many farmers living along the National Highway have opened restaurants with their own houses or rented other people's houses. This not only makes it convenient for drivers and passengers traveling from south to north, but also makes a large number of farmers embark on the road to wealth. ? Xinmi city is one of the regions with the largest bauxite reserves in China, so many local farmers rely on local resources to produce refractories. Now Xinmi has become a famous "Hometown of Refractory Materials" in China. 3. Going to the city to work and start a business after employment. As far as the current situation is concerned, most of the cultivated land in China has not been operated on a large scale, and it is impossible for farmers who cultivate their own land to get rich. Some people even say that as long as farmers can't grow "gold" in their fields, they can't get rich by farming! Therefore, if you can't find a way to make money locally, the best way is to find a way to leave as soon as possible and work in a more profitable place to make money. The living environment in some rural areas is so bad that you can't even drink water. In 2006, CCTV reported that people in many places in Qinghai Province depend on the weather for food, and it takes half a day to pull a cart of domestic water with donkeys. How do they get rich in such a place? Economics is a science that teaches people how to choose. "Well done" is not as good as "well chosen". Therefore, farmers in such places must not pin their hopes on the government's "poverty alleviation". The first thing they have to do is to leave as soon as possible, otherwise they will never live a good life. According to the current salary level, even some girls who just graduated from junior high school and went to the city to drive elevators earn more than 6,000 yuan a year; Even if a farmer sells his physical strength in the city, his annual income is more than l0000 yuan. Some taxi drivers in the city earn more than 24,000 yuan a year. These are the simplest jobs. There are also many people who go to work in cities and then succeed in starting a business. Anyone who has confidence in himself, gives full play to his strengths, is not afraid of hardship, is diligent and studious, and can always find a job he can do in a city with a high division of labor. Never think that he can't. There is a story: two young people go out to work, A goes to Beijing and B goes to Shanghai. When they were waiting for the bus at the railway station, they heard someone talking nearby. One person said, "It's very kind of Beijingers. When you meet a beggar, someone gives you 5 yuan at a time. " . Another person said, "It's very kind of Shanghainese. When you ask him for directions, everyone will charge you-5 yuan at a time. " . Hearing this, the two young people changed their minds. B is hungry, because he is worried that he can't find a job in Shanghai, so he will go to Beijing. Because even if you can't find a job and beg in Beijing, you won't starve to death. However, A thinks Shanghai is really great, because in case you can't find a job, even leading others can make money. So, they exchanged air tickets. As a result, B who originally wanted to go to Shanghai went to Beijing, and A who originally wanted to go to Beijing went to Shanghai. Later, A first worked in an enterprise in Shanghai, and soon learned a wealth of professional knowledge and market experience-he became a small boss in 2008 and a big boss three years later. ? After the enterprise grows, A finds that the competition among peers in Shanghai is becoming more and more fierce, and wants to go to Beijing to inspect the market and see if Beijing has market potential in order to open a branch. When he was about to return to Shanghai by train after inspecting the market, a man at the railway station extended his hand to him: "Sir, can you give me that mineral water bottle?" He said, "Take it!" At this time, he felt that the voice was familiar, as if he had heard it somewhere. He looked carefully, and it turned out that the person who picked up the bottle was the person who exchanged tickets with him at his hometown railway station four years ago! So some people say that "thinking determines the way out." If you think you can't, then you really can't; If you think you will succeed, you may really succeed. If you can earn money, you should learn how to spend it. After jumping into the city, try to settle down in the city instead of going home to build a house. There is a saying in China: "Changing into a dog in the city can bite more bones than in the country" (except for farmers who can get a satisfactory income in the local area). The tide of urbanization in China is unstoppable, and the houses in rural areas will depreciate more and more in the future. Now we see many good houses in the countryside where no one lives at all. So I suggest that farmers who earn money in the city try to settle down in the city and never go home to build a house! Not long ago, according to Guangdong TV station, a farmer from Nanchong, Sichuan Province went to Guangzhou to sell coolies to make a living. Because he was smart and capable, he later became a small contractor. After several years, he accumulated190,000, ran back to his hometown, borrowed 30,000, and built a house with 220,000. As a result, he became penniless and heavily in debt, and could not even pay his children's tuition. Later, he had to go back to Guangdong to work from scratch, and the built house was worthless and idle. 5. Let those who like agriculture best or are good at it or must stay in the countryside stay in the countryside. Some people may ask, what should farmers do if they don't farm? What does the whole country eat? I said that the person who asked this question didn't understand the market economy at all. Because under the condition of market economy, producers never worry about not knowing what you want, and never worry about what the market lacks. As long as the number of farmers is reduced to a certain extent, food prices will inevitably rise. As long as farmers think that growing grain is cost-effective, there will naturally be more people growing grain. Even some city people who are interested in farming can go to the countryside to rent a piece of land to plant. In addition, farmers have no obligation to feed the city people at low food prices. If there are fewer people farming, not only will the output of a single farmer increase because of the increase in farming area, but the price of agricultural products will also rise, and those who stay to farm are also the most suitable people to farm. At this time, farmers are likely to get rich. Second, how should the government help farmers get rich? 1. Really shoulder the responsibility of "nine-year compulsory education". Nowadays, due to poor economic conditions, inconvenient transportation and unbalanced population in many rural areas, "compulsory education" in many places is a mere formality. For example, in many places, the school buildings are dilapidated, the quality of teachers is low, and many schools have no accommodation conditions, which makes some students walk back and forth for 2-3 hours or more every day. Therefore, to really do compulsory education well, on the one hand, we should improve the treatment of rural teachers, so that more excellent teachers are willing to teach in rural schools, and on the other hand, we should try our best to keep students who are far away from schools at school. ? 2. Let the rural population enjoy the same "minimum living guarantee" as the urban population. In 2006, there were 210.58 million people living in absolute poverty, 35.5 million people with a per capita annual income of less than 682 yuan, and about 6,543.80 billion people with a per capita annual income of less than 958 yuan. At present, the urban low-income population has basically obtained the minimum living security, with the highest subsidy standard of 2 10 yuan/month in Chengdu, 350 yuan/month in Shanghai urban area and 2,800 yuan/year in Shanghai rural area. The above subsidies generally implement differential subsidies. According to the above standards, if China supplements the income of 2,400 yuan to everyone with an annual income of less than 2,400 yuan, it is estimated that the national finance will be more than enough as long as it takes out l500 billion yuan. As far as the current financial situation is concerned, the government is fully capable of doing this. Because China's fiscal revenue in 2006 has reached 4 trillion, an increase of 700 billion over 2005. It is estimated that the income in 2007 will increase by 1.2 trillion yuan compared with 2006. It is meaningful for the government to subsidize the low-income class with a mere 654.38+050 billion yuan from the increased fiscal revenue. 3. Further increase investment in agriculture, strengthen rural infrastructure construction, gradually form a mechanism for the steady growth of state agricultural funds, and at the same time establish and improve the use and management mechanism of funds, so that the funds invested by the state can really produce benefits. 4. Implement the minimum medical security for farmers and the "national assistance system" for major diseases. Although the "cooperative medical system" has been implemented in rural areas, if farmers encounter major diseases such as cancer, renal failure, heart disease, leukemia and paralysis, they will be completely unable to cope, or even "one person gets sick and the whole family goes bankrupt". Therefore, I propose to implement a "national assistance system" for families with serious diseases. As for the specific plan, it needs to be carefully studied by relevant experts and scholars. 5. Encourage and help farmers to emigrate freely? Because of the influence of the traditional household registration system, there are still tens of millions of people living in places that are not suitable for human habitation at all. There are no roads, no electricity, and even basic drinking water is hard to get. The government should help people in marginal mountain areas and other areas with particularly harsh natural environment (such as Shangzhou in Sichuan, Lujiang in Yunnan, Guoluo in Qinghai and Yushu). ) to immigrate. Because China has a large rural population and a weak foundation, and most farmers have low quality and poor market economy concept, it is not easy to get rich. But if the above suggestions can be slowly adopted by farmers themselves and the government, I am convinced that farmers will be more likely to get rich!