What were the two groups of slaves rescued in Huo Qubing after the defeat of Xiongnu?

Xiongnu, the enemy of the Han dynasty border, starts from Daxinganling in the east and is surrounded by the western regions in the west. Because there are many ethnic groups in China, it has the title of "the length of a hundred nationalities". In order to annihilate the Xiongnu, the Han Dynasty formulated the policy of controlling foreigners by barbarians from the time of Emperor Wen, that is, the subordinate tribes of Xiongnu were returned to the Han Dynasty.

During the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the policy of "controlling foreigners with foreigners" was formally implemented. First of all, in BC 12 1 year, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty took Huo Qubing as the general and launched the Hexi War, which cut off the right arm of the Huns, that is, Hexi and the Western Regions. In 65438 BC+065438 BC+09 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty took Huo Qubing as the general and launched a large-scale campaign against Xiongnu Zuodi, which is today's northeast region.

In the first world war, Huo Qubing captured more than 70,000 enemy heads alive, and the Xiongnu's strength in the left land suffered a devastating blow. On the left side of Xiongnu, Huo Qubing discovered two major nationalities enslaved by Xiongnu-Wuhuan and Xianbei. Out of kindness, Huo Qubing moved them to Shanggu, Yuyang, Youbeiping, Liaoxi, Liaodong and other counties beyond the Great Wall to investigate the Huns' movements for the Han Dynasty.

So how did Wu Huan and Xianbei become slaves of Xiongnu? And this will start with the Huns' founding Khan-modu chanyu. Both Wuhuan and Xianbei belong to the Donghu tribe. When Modu Khan was born, the Huns conquered the East Lake. Faced with the powerful military power of the Huns, Donghu people fled one after another and lived in Xianbei Mountain and Wuhuan Mountain respectively, thus forming two tribes.

Wu Huan and Xianbei are one species, inseparable in appearance, and often act together. Under the exploitation of Xiongnu, Wu Huan and Xianbei lived a dead life. According to "Zi Jian" records:

"Wu Huan was destroyed by modu chanyu, and all the people were lonely and weak. He has always been a minister of the Huns, and lost his sheepskin at the age of 20. He is out of date and has no wife. "

In other words, Wu Huan (Xianbei should be the same) sends cattle, horses and sheepskins to the Huns every year. If the date is not given or exceeded, the Xiongnu will take away the wife and children of the Wuhuan people. During the war, Huns often forced Wu Huan and Xianbei to be cannon fodder.

It can be seen that Wuhuan and Xianbei not only have to face the harsh natural environment of grassland, but also bear the exploitation of Xiongnu. For these two nationalities, the Huns' slavery policy is tantamount to genocide. Therefore, Huo Qubing's rescue of Wu Huan and Xianbei can be said to be a righteous act full of humanitarian brilliance.

Under the protection of the Han Dynasty, Wuhuan and Xianbei gradually grew. During the reign of Emperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty, the Wuhuan people even took the initiative to dig the ancestral grave of Hun Khan. Although the Five Rings and Xianbei were sharp weapons to defend the Huns in the Han Dynasty, they were also double-edged swords. Out of the greedy nature of nomadic people, Wu Huan and Xianbei often invaded and plundered everywhere. However, until Wang Mang, Wu Huan and Xianbei were still under control.

But by the time of Wang Mang, the situation had changed a lot. It turns out that Wang Mang discriminates against all foreigners, especially Huns. At that time, the Huns had reconciled with the Han Dynasty, and there was no war on the border for decades, but Wang Mang wanted to provoke a dispute. In order to crusade against the Huns, Wang Mang forced the Wuhuan people to stay at the border and took their families as hostages.

Because the Wuhuan people were not acclimatized and unwilling to be the cannon fodder of Wang Mang, they fled to the Great Wall one after another. And follwed also you're welcome, wu huan as a hostage, the whole family. In this regard, the relationship between Wuhuan, Xianbei and the Han Dynasty was completely broken.

From the last years of follwed to the establishment of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Wu Huan and Xianbei attached themselves to the Xiongnu and harassed the China frontier fortress for years. "History as a Mirror" records:

"At the beginning of Guangwu, the Xiongnu was strong, led by Xianbei and Wuhuan Koubei, and killed several officers, none of them was one year old ..."

In order to disintegrate the alliance between Xiongnu and Donghu, Liu Xiu first sent people to sacrifice and destroy Wuhuan and Xianbei in Liaodong, so that they dared not be enemies of the Han Dynasty again. Later, Liu Xiu designed to disintegrate the Xiongnu, taking charge of the right Aowei in the south of Xiongnu, from Wang to Wang, and then to Khan, thus establishing the South Xiongnu belonging to the Han Dynasty.

Wu Huan and Xianbei saw that the Huns were weak, so have it both ways prepared to take refuge in the Han Dynasty. First of all, in the 22nd year of Jianwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty (46 years), Wu Huan took advantage of the Xiongnu natural disaster to send troops to attack the northern Xiongnu, kill the Xiongnu thousands of miles away, and give up the desert south with abundant aquatic plants. Taking the head of Xiongnu as hostage, Wuhuan people were pardoned by Emperor Guangwu, and the number of vassals was 8 1.

Xianbei was envious when he saw that Wu Huan was thriving every day after he entered the Han Dynasty. So in 54 AD, Xianbei adults paid tribute to Emperor Guangwu at the rate of Qiu Ben and Tou Tou, indicating their attachment.

In this way, Wu Huan and Xianbei completely fell to the Han Dynasty, making the already divided Xiongnu worse. After taking refuge in the Han Dynasty, the Wuhuan people mainly moved along the Great Wall, while the Xianbei people were distributed in Hetao and Yinshan, forming two moving Great Walls.

In order to control Wuhuan and Xianbei, Emperor Guangwu listened to Ban Biao's suggestion, re-established a captain to protect Wuhuan, and set up an office in Shanggu Ningcheng. Armed by the Han Dynasty, Wu Huan and Xianbei became the most elite mercenaries. They attacked the Huns year after year and achieved great results.

First of all, most of the defenders of Xianbei took the initiative to ask the Han people for help, and the Han dynasty ordered them to attack the northern Xiongnu. As a result, they broke the Zuo Yi Education Department and beheaded two thousand soldiers. After that, Xianbei people took the initiative to attack Xiongnu every year, and took the head of Xiongnu to Liaodong County to receive the reward. With the head of Xiongnu, Xianbei gradually changed from a small tribe to a big tribe that could compete with Xiongnu.