Find the answer to the 2003 Shanghai spring exam Chinese paper (50 points guaranteed)

Shanghai Spring College Entrance Examination in 2003

Chinese examination paper

Note to candidates:

1. Before answering questions, candidates must clearly fill in their names and admission ticket numbers with pens or signature pens.

The answers to all questions must be scrawled on the answer sheet, and they will not be given points if they are written on the test paper. When answering questions, pay attention to the one-to-one correspondence between the test questions and the answer sheet, and don't put them wrong.

3. This volume is ***6 pages, with full marks of 150 and examination time of 150 minutes.

I. Reading (80 points)

(1) Read the following and complete the question 1-4. (13)

Chinese food is a general term, which is composed of different cuisines in famous areas. If there were no colorful local dishes, Chinese food would not be so rich and attractive. Just like Beijing Opera has four schools and four famous students, China cuisine has four cuisines (Sichuan cuisine, Beijing cuisine, Jiangsu cuisine and Guangdong cuisine) and eight flavors (Zhejiang, Shanghai, Fujian, Anhui, Hunan, Hubei, Henan and Qin), which is a manifestation of its high maturity and prosperity.

China has a vast territory, and there are great differences in natural conditions, geographical environment and product resources in different regions, which is the material basis and premise for people's different diet varieties and taste habits. As the saying goes, "relying on mountains to eat mountains, relying on water to draft." Needless to say, the development of society and the formation and transfer of political, economic and cultural centers are also the contributing and catalytic factors of local cuisine.

From ancient times to the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, the main breeding and activity area of the Chinese nation was in the north with the Yellow River basin as the center. Therefore, the land-based northern cuisine has a long history and has a great influence on the formation of our national eating habits. During the Warring States period, countries such as Chu, Wu and Yue south of the Yangtze River gradually prospered, and another color of Chu culture appeared. As long as you look at "Chu Ci Evocation", you will know that the southern cuisine is dominated by aquatic products and poultry, and it is obviously two different styles from the northern cuisine. But at that time, both northern and southern cuisines were still in an unconscious stage of development, far from being dominated by the people and becoming independent schools. Qin Shihuang unified China, expanded the territory of China, organized many large-scale immigrants and developed the frontier. As a result, during the Western Han Dynasty, Bashu (now Sichuan Province) in the southwest developed economically and culturally, and the local customs were further sinicized. The rich products and various cooking skills listed in Yang Xiong's Shu Du Fu opened the dawn of Sichuan cuisine. The Southern and Northern Dynasties was a period of great ethnic migration. After the northern nationalities ruled the Central Plains, they gradually merged with the Han nationality. The southward migration of the Han aristocratic class brought economic prosperity to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. This will definitely have a great impact on the emergence of Jiangsu and Zhejiang cuisine in the future. Emperor Yang Di dug the Grand Canal and opened the north-south passage; His practice of Yangzhou has become increasingly prominent in the country. By the Tang Dynasty, Yangzhou had become a transportation hub of China and foreign countries, north and south, so it was called "Yang Yier". Yangzhou cuisine has been seen here. Lin 'an (now Hangzhou) in Southern Song Dynasty was one of the most prosperous and densely populated cities in the world at that time. In The Legend of Wulin, it began to be called "South Pavilion" and "North Pavilion". It can be seen that at that time, there was only a distinction between northern and southern cuisines, but in fact Zhejiang cuisine had already appeared. Since Liao, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, Beijing has almost always been the capital of China. After hundreds of years of brewing and accumulation, Beijing cuisine has widely absorbed the advantages of northern cuisine and eventually became a unique cuisine. Kangxi and Qianlong made many "southern tours", and local officials made various arrangements. The dishes were delicious, which played a great role in developing local flavor dishes. That is to say, taking Jiangsu cuisine as an example, after a hundred flowers blossom, Yangzhou cuisine, Nanjing cuisine, Zhenjiang cuisine, Wuxi cuisine, Suzhou cuisine and other different flavors and characteristics have been derived. As for Cantonese cuisine, it probably became famous only after the Opium War, because it obviously absorbed foreign ingredients and developed from Chinese and foreign exchanges.

The final completion of local cuisines depends on the appearance of a large number of famous shops, chefs and dishes, as well as a large number of celebrities, classics and famous sentences. "Quanjude" in Beijing and "Louwailou" in Hangzhou are good examples.

Nowadays, when foreign friends come to China, they generally don't have the concept of a certain gang in a certain place, and there is no preconceived preference. They always want to taste all kinds of regional dishes, which makes many hotels and restaurants full of famous dishes from all over the country, and the characteristics of gangs gradually disappear. It seems that this is a trend of "combination". After some integration, dividing into new cuisines on a new basis may make Chinese food "go up a storey still higher"

1. At the beginning of the article, the "four famous dances" and "four burdens" of Peking Opera are mentioned as examples (2 points).

A.。 Eight famous Peking Opera actors know Chinese food like the back of their hands.

B. Chinese food has formed four attractive brands.

C. The art of Peking Opera is as varied as cooking skills.

D. Chinese food has formed a strong local characteristics.

2. The following two statements do not conform to the meaning of the text (4 points)

A. Most of the southern dishes are aquatic products and poultry, which is recorded in "Evoking the Soul in Songs of the South".

B. The social changes in the Southern and Northern Dynasties had a great influence on the formation of Jiangsu and Zhejiang cuisine in the future.

C. Sichuan cuisine is well-known, and Shudu Fu is the earliest recipe of Sichuan cuisine, which has raised the dawn of Sichuan cuisine.

D in the southern song dynasty, various cuisines from the north, the south and the east competed with each other in the prosperous Hangzhou, and the old stories of Wulin were recorded in detail.

E. Yangzhou cuisine is famous all over the world, which is closely related to the convenient transportation brought by the excavation of the Grand Canal.

F. The development and maturity of Cantonese cuisine is later than other cuisines, and it absorbs more foreign cultural elements.

3. According to the article, the main reason for the formation and development of local cuisines is (1) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (2) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (3) _ _ _ _ _ _ (3 points).

Some people say that young people like foreign fast food such as KFC and McDonald's, and it is meaningless to learn and inherit China's traditional food culture. Please talk about your opinion. (4 points)

Read the following and complete questions 5-9. (14)

Judging a person's historical merits and demerits mainly depends on his position and role in society.

Every member of society does his duty (or obligation) according to his social status. Traditionally called "due diligence". Morality is order and order. If people want to survive in society, they must stand on a certain social standpoint. Sometimes the same thing (an act) will be evaluated differently because of the different social status of the actor.

Liang Wudi believes in Buddhism and has profound religious accomplishment. He wrote many Buddhist classic notes, which were handed down to the world. He is a vegetarian, malnourished, overworked and emaciated. Someone advised him that as an emperor, his duty is to let the people live and work in peace and contentment and lead a prosperous life, instead of "fasting for half a day to save the lives of Quan Yi birds". If Liang Wudi is not in the position of emperor, as a devout Buddhist believer, his behavior is commendable; As an emperor, he was the king of national subjugation and failed. Similar to, and Song. His paintings and calligraphy are first-class and can be handed down from generation to generation. He is also good at playing football, that is, making a mess of the country, becoming the king of national subjugation and an unqualified emperor.

Liu Bang and Xiang Yu fought for the world and the two armies confronted each other. Xiang Yu used Liu Bang's father as a hostage to coerce Liu Bang into submission. If you don't give in, you will boil Liu Bang's father to death in a frying pan. Liu bang said that we used to be brothers. "My father is your father. If you cook too much, I'm lucky to get a piece. " For the sake of the world, Liu Bang can ignore his father's life and death, and Liu Bang became the founding king of the Han Dynasty. His political achievements were better than those of the Qin Dynasty, and later generations did not deeply blame Liu Bang for his unfilial behavior. Peter the Great of Russia is a promising king, which promotes the development of Russia, but he is also lewd. However, historians have adopted a tolerant attitude towards him and are not demanding.

People can look at the mainstream of historical figures thousands of years ago. It is a common method to comprehensively consider the main contributions and historical functions of the ancients. Because after many years, the small mistakes of the ancients no longer have an impact, leaving behind what they have a social impact. For example, Dong Qichang, a famous painter and calligrapher in Ming Dynasty, was a very bad man, and his sons ran amok in the countryside. But for hundreds of years, people still recognized his achievements in painting and calligraphy.

When commenting on current figures and words and deeds, we should not stick to commenting on the merits and demerits of historical figures. Because the small things at present are related to the quality of social atmosphere, especially the officials at all levels who have leadership responsibilities. It should set a good example. If you pursue enjoyment, get rid of the supervision of the masses and run amok, you may think it is a trivial matter, but in fact you have lost a lot. You don't have to wait until a hundred years later, and now you can't escape the accusation of public opinion. ① Mistakes in sections ② Mistakes ③ Everyone in the society is irresponsible to the society if they don't pay attention to sections. It is unrealistic to try to get forgiveness from later critics after failing at that time, which is harmful to society and ourselves.

5. This paper lists historical figures such as Liang Wudi to prove _ _ _ _'s point of view. (2 points)

6. The underlined sentence in this paper is a multiple complex sentence, and its first level should be before the _ _ _ sentence. (2 points)

7. Judging from the expression of the article, one of the following statements is incorrect (3 points).

A. This article has clear arguments, sufficient arguments and is very convincing.

B. Talking about the past and discussing the present, quoting the classics, picking them at random, and talking about them in Kan Kan are the characteristics of this article.

C. The author satirizes the present by borrowing from the past, and his writing is sharp and realistic.

D. In this paper, the methods of quotation, example and comparison are used in many places, which enhances the artistic expression.

8. Arguments should be typical and accurate. This paper takes four feudal emperors and a scholar as examples to demonstrate their views. It's not cumbersome to read. Please analyze the reasons. (4 points)

9. The author's intention in writing this article is _ _ _ _. (3 points)

(3) Read the following and complete the question 10- 15. (18)

(1) There is an elf who wanders like water in March and is as cold as the moon in winter. There is an elf, as melancholy as a drizzle in early summer and as bitter as cinnamon in late autumn; There is an elf destined to wander forever _ _ Erhu, Jiangnan, wandering Erhu.

(2) Mongolian yurts, wheeled trolleys, grasslands with low wind and grass and cattle and sheep are destined to be the cradle of Ma Touqin; Red sorghum, belief in heaven, strong winds. The loess plateau in Yunfei is naturally a suona world. Yang Liuan, Wupeng boat, small bridge and flowing water in the south of the Yangtze River will always be the endless magnetic field of erhu. On the one hand, soil and water nourish people, on the other hand, customs breed the growth of musical instruments. It's just that we don't know whether Jiangnan chose Erhu or Erhu chose Jiangnan. Such a choice is difficult to consider and study.

(3) Erhu is to Jiangnan what apricot blossom and spring rain are to Jiangnan. Although the mountains and rivers flow, we have only seen Yu Boya's symphonic piano; By Xunyang River, only Bai Juyi's pipa is heard. Although it is difficult for us to absorb the weeping and feel the pulse of Erhu among the many operas of Tang, Song, Yuan, Qu and Ming, who can say that Erhu would not wander alone in the south of the Yangtze River without the horn-tailed harp and pipa?

(4) The gold dust of the Six Dynasties Qinhuai in Wang Xiehou's mansion has too many sounds and emotions, and it is not a blooming flower on the erhu string; Sanqiu Guizi, the Qiantang of Shili Lotus, is too beautiful and prosperous, which is not the law played in the bow of Erhuqin; The slim road, Wu Peng, terraced fields, verandahs, rain alleys, stone bridges, tea shops and grain fields are doomed to the wandering feet of Erhu, and do not belong to poets and dignitaries. Wandering erhu is a prop for vendors and businessmen when they are happy, and a support between poverty and poverty.

(5) I really don't know when Erhu began to wander in Jiangnan. I only know that when the moonlight is like water, Gui Xiang is full in late autumn, and the drizzle is swaying by the river. When the passionate evening breeze blows the stone bridge at Taimen, the smoke from cooking fume permeates the country threshing floor; Erhu's wandering began. When the wandering erhu had a fatal encounter with that person, its wandering was concentrated and gathered for no reason, and it was infinitely spread and amplified. This man named A Bing is blind, but he looks like a wizard. Erhu met him and never stopped wandering. The notes in his "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon" are like flowing springs, and we know that wandering is a kind of helplessness; The melody of "The Storm in Joan Hinton" flowed out slowly like tears. We know that drifting is obviously a kind of sadness, and the drifting of "listening to songs" is also a kind of biting and vicissitudes, not the drifting of erhu, not the drifting of music, not the drifting of a soul and a land, not the drifting of an era and a nation.

(6) The wandering erhu will always give birth to many wandering souls, which will inspire many wandering flowers. A Bing, a blind man, is an extreme person. However, in the south of the Yangtze River, where the bluestone alleys are deep, the Wuwa powder eaves gallery is full of shops, the frogs in the spring grass pond are thick, and the young birds are loud, the wandering souls and lives are similar to those in A Bing.

(7) The spirit of soil and water, amorous feelings and blood, and instrumental music are the soul of an era and a culture. Wandering is not only a kind of suffering and hardship, a kind of vicissitudes and helplessness, but also a kind of patience and tenacity, a kind of forge ahead and struggle. It is another vivid gesture of life, which can never be dispelled.

Note: A Bing (1893-1950); Formerly known as Hua, a folk musician, was born in Wuxi.

10. Paragraph (2) reads: Different regions and different styles are doomed to different personalities. (2 points)

1 1. The underlined sentence in paragraph (4) uses various rhetorical devices, and the correct two are (2 points).

A. analogy B. metaphor C. parallelism D. antithesis E. metonymy

12. imitate a sentence with the following sentence patterns. (3 points)

Erhu is as poetic as apricot flowers, and spring rain is in Jiangnan.

_ _ _ is right _ _, just like _ _ is right _ _ _.

13. Why does the author think that erhu belongs to ordinary people rather than literati bureaucrats? (3 points)

14. Some people say that this passage is beautiful and smooth, but it is a bit negative and sad. what do you think? Please tell me the reason. (4 points)

15. According to the context, briefly introduce A Bing. (About 50 words) (4 points)

(4) Read the following two poems and complete the question 16- 19. (8 points)

first

Guo Huaqing Palace (Tang) Tara

Chang 'an looked back and embroidered.

There are thousands of doors open on the top of the mountain.

As soon as I ride the world of mortals and laugh,

No one knows it's litchi.

second

Tihua Qinggong

Travel dozens of miles south of the Yangtze River,

The waning moon in Xiao Feng entered Huaqing.

The west wind blows the Yuan Pavilion,

In the long voice of Yang Zuoyu.

Note: ① Yuan Chao Pavilion: Tang Dynasty Palace. ② Changyang: refers to the palace of the Han Dynasty-Changyang Palace.

16. Judging from the contents of these two four-character poems, they all belong to □□ poems. ( 1)

17. These two poems are about the same object, but they are written in different ways: a poem satirizes _ _ by describing _ _; By depicting the desolate scenery of Huaqing Palace, Poem B expresses the author's feelings for dynasties. (3 points)

18. One of the following statements is incorrect (2 points).

A. The first two sentences of a poem are like a focal plane, which shows a picture of Mount Li in front of readers.

The first two sentences of B. B's poem describe the sad scenery that the poet saw after a long journey to Huaqing Palace.

C. Although the language of Jia's poems does not use difficult words, it is exquisitely crafted and bold.

D.B.' s poems are far-reaching and meaningful, and reflect on history.

19. Du Mu, the author of a poem, was a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty. The following poems are all famous works by Du Mu. Please write their upper or lower sentences. (Optional two sentences) (2 points)

(1) Stop at Aifenglin at night, _ _ _ _ _ _.

(2) _ _ _ _, across the river, I'm still singing "backyard flowers".

(3) the east wind is not convenient for Zhou Lang, _ _ _ _ _ _.

Read the following and complete questions 20-22. (10)

My friend Long heard that Snow Fox had plum trees, and I swam across the lake to get them until Snow Fox died a long time ago. Inquire about Wu people: "What's the worry about painting plums for fun?" Wu people mistakenly thought that thrush was also, and said to him, "Of course there is. Li Siniang's West Lake eyebrows are new and different, with ten kinds of songs and three things to reward. "

Zhong Fang was overjoyed, so he went to the West Lake to find Li Siniang and knocked on all the doors, but he didn't see her for three days. Suddenly, I saw the bamboo door on the lake open and someone came out to meet me and said, "I'm fine now." I went in to ask her and said with a smile, "My concubine is Li Siniang, the official media. If you want the media, you will talk to the media. I don't know Ye Mei. "

At dusk, Zhong Fang came home tired and sat in the atrium. It was the plum blossom in the courtyard, the snowy moon reflected, and the plum blossoms were everywhere. Quiet, embarrassed, innocent and arrogant, just like a painting. Sitting at the bottom, he suddenly jumped up and shouted, stretched out his paper and shook his pen, shook a few pictures and said, "You won."

So the plum blossoms were crowned with Jiangyou.

20. In the underlined sentence, the word "neglecting his duty" means _ _, and the reason why the hero Long is so negligent in his duty is _ _. (4 points)

2 1. The protagonist Long Zhongfang later said, "I see." The reason that the author wants to explain in the article is _ _ _ _. (4 points)

22. Among the following verses, _ _ _ _ is the closest to the artistic creation law described in this article (2 points).

A. Is that article really held by yourself and passed on from mouth to mouth?

B. Today people love the ancients, and clear words and beautiful sentences must be neighbors.

C. artists are like gods, and their pens are powerful.

D. a word is natural and eternal, and luxury is everywhere.

(6) Read the following and complete questions 23-26. (17)

Yizhou Mountain is steep, so there are many tigers. When the city is slaughtered, the Orion pounces on it, and it is often eaten by others. There are also Jiaoqi people, Shaanxi people, and it is not cost-effective to vote for relatives. Going forward bravely, he once carried Ding Shi in front of the Thousand Buddha Temple and soared on the left ridge of the Ursa Major Hall, hence the name "Jiao Shiding" cloud.

Knowing that there are many tigers in Yiling, it is normal to walk into the mountains every day. If you meet a tiger, you will be killed and lost. One day, I went into the mountain and met two tigers. I am handsome, a little tiger has arrived, and I am in a hurry. I killed two tigers in a row and ran around on my shoulders, but I came back alive with the little tiger. Everyone is relaxed and self-sufficient.

A wealthy family, respecting its courage, set up a banquet. Focusing on his seat, he told himself that he had been chained to a tiger all his life, and all the listeners were pale, and Jiao also boasted, and Kan Kan talked and Kan Kan talked, triumphantly. Suddenly, a cat grabbed food at a feast, and the smelly juice dripped all over the room, thinking that the owner's cat was eating, and left. The master said, "It's disgusting to raise livestock next door!" When the cat died, it came again and began to fight anxiously. The vegetable core on the seat was smashed to pieces, but the cat had jumped over the corner of the window and was very angry, hitting it one by one. The window lattice cracked and the cat jumped into the corner to stare. Jiao became more angry and grabbed, his arms tied, and the cat howled and walked past the adjacent wall. It has nothing to do with the focus plan, just staring at the wall. The master clapped his hands and smiled, and Jiao Da retreated in shame.

A husband can tie a tiger, but not a cat. Is it true that the enemy is brave and the enemy is afraid? The weight is not suitable. Believe in the tripod of the cow, you can't cook small and fresh; You can't be caught by a flying squirrel with a crossbow weighing one thousand kilograms. Talented people should know, and people who use talents should also know.

23. Write the meaning of the following words in the sentence (3 points)

(1) It's not worth betraying () (2) And the cat has jumped over the window corner () (3) It's disgusting () (4) What's the matter, the cat is coming again () (5) Dragging its tail ().

24. Translate the following sentences into modern Chinese (6 points)

(1) When hunting in the city, hunters pounce on it, but they are often bitten by it.

(2) Walking into the mountains will kill you if you meet a tiger.

25. Write an idiom or proverb with the same meaning as "Trust Niu Ding, don't cook small things". (Can't use sentences in the text) (2 points)

Why can a wife beat a tiger but not a cat? Why do talented people and talented people need to know this truth? (4 points)

Writing (70 points)

27 composition

Kenichi Tanaka, the winner of this year's Nobel Prize in Chemistry, is neither a professor nor a master or doctor. He is just an ordinary engineer at the bottom of Japanese corporate society, an unknown person, and even his peers know nothing about him. Tanaka published few papers, but he was unknown. He devoted himself to research and developed a paper in 1987, which put forward the definition of properties and the originality of structural analysis in the field of polymer research. After more than ten years' practice, this idea has developed into the most sensitive and accurate analysis method of biological macromolecules in the world, which has been highly praised by European and American academic circles and eventually became an important basis for this award. The chairman of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry said that Kenichi Tanaka was the first person to open the door to the new research field of biopolymers.

Kenichi Tanaka's award surprised the Japanese and inspired us a lot. Please write an article about 1000 words (don't write poetry) and talk about your feelings. The topic is self-drawn.