What do you mean by five provinces in the northwest and three provinces in the northeast?

The five northwestern provinces refer to Shaanxi Province, Gansu Province, Qinghai Province, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and the three northeastern provinces refer to Liaoning Province, Heilongjiang Province and Jilin Province.

I. Five Northwest Provinces

Shaanxi province 1

Shaanxi is called Shaanxi or Qin for short. In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, Zhou and Zhao ruled Shaanxi for two centimeters, east of Shaanxi, Duke of Zhou and west of Shaanxi. "Qin" originated in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and the jurisdiction of Qin was mainly in this area. People also call Shaanxi "Sanqin", which is generally understood from the geographical characteristics that Shaanxi is divided into three natural regions: Guanzhong, northern Shaanxi and southern Shaanxi.

In fact, the name of "Sanqin" originated from Xiang Yu's enfeoffment of princes, allowing three generals of Qin State to rule the hometown of Qin State: Zhang Han was the king of Yong, west of Xianyang; Sima Xin is the king of the game and owns the east of Xianyang; Dong Kun is Zhai Wang and owns Moxi, Shaanxi. "Sanqin" got its name from this.

2. Gansu

Gansu is located in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, at the intersection of the Loess Plateau, Inner Mongolia Plateau and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It is one of the important birthplaces of Chinese nation and Chinese civilization, and it is also the earliest area to carry out cultural and economic exchanges and cooperation between the East and the West. The world-famous Silk Road stretches 1600 km in Gansu, with a land area of 425,800 square kilometers and a permanent population of more than 27 million.

Gansu has a vast territory, basically covering mountainous areas, plateaus, river valleys, plains, deserts, Gobi and other types. The climate types are complex and diverse, with abundant sunshine, large temperature difference between day and night, few crop diseases and insect pests, prominent characteristic agriculture and numerous green foods.

With superior light, heat, water and soil resources, Gansu has become the largest seed producing area, the third largest potato producing area and one of the five pastoral areas in China, an important planting base of Chinese herbal medicines and one of the best ecological areas for wine grape cultivation.

Gansu has splendid cultural heritage, diverse natural landscapes and colorful ethnic customs, and is rich in cultural tourism resources. It is the key section of the famous golden tourist route "Ancient Silk Road Tour" in China, and has formed many tourist routes represented by Dunhuang culture, Silk Road Cultural Festival and Yellow River culture.

3.qinghai province

Qinghai province is located in the western part of the motherland and the northeast of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the roof of the world. Qinghai Lake, the largest inland saltwater lake in China, is called "Qing" for short. Qinghai is the birthplace of the Yangtze River, the Yellow River and the Lancang River, so it is called "the source of rivers", also known as "the source of three rivers" and "the water tower of China".

The geographical location of Qinghai Province is between 89 35'-103 04' east longitude and 3136'-3919' north latitude, with a total area of 722,300 square kilometers.

Qinghai borders Gansu Province in the north and east, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in the northwest, Xizang Autonomous Region in the south and southwest, and Sichuan Province in the southeast, which are the ties between Tibet and Xinjiang and the mainland. The average elevation in Qinghai Province is over 3000 meters.

It goes without saying that there is great beauty in heaven and earth. Qinghai has a vast territory, magnificent mountains and rivers, a long history, many ethnic groups and colorful culture, which has an important strategic position in ecology, resources and stability.

The beauty of Qinghai has its original ecology, diversity and irreplaceable unique charm. Li Bai wrote in his poem: "I reached the top. I look around the world, and the great river is gone forever. The yellow cloud was blown away by the wind for hundreds of miles, and a snow peak was surrounded by a vortex with nine times the current. " It is a vivid portrayal of the mountains and rivers in Qinghai.

4. Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region was established in 1958, covering an area of 66,400 square kilometers. At the end of 20 15, the total population was 6.678 million, of which the Hui population accounted for 36%. It is the largest Hui community in China, with jurisdiction over 5 prefecture-level cities and 22 counties and cities (districts).

The altitude of Ningxia is above 1000m, and the terrain is high in the south and low in the north, with a drop of nearly 1000m, which shows a step-like decline. It belongs to a typical continental climate, semi-arid and semi-humid in temperate zone, with the characteristics of windy and dusty spring, extremely hot ciel phantomhive, early cooling in autumn, long cold winter, scarce rain and snow, abundant sunshine and strong evaporation, with an average annual precipitation of about 300mm.

Topographically, it is divided into three major plates: First, the irrigation area of Yellow River diversion in the north. Flat terrain, fertile soil, known as the "plug on the south of the Yangtze River" reputation. The second is the central arid zone. Drought, lack of rain, heavy wind and sand, poor land and poor living conditions. The third is the southern mountainous area. There are many hills and gullies, and some areas are wet and cold, which is one of the national poverty-stricken areas.

5. Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, referred to as Xin for short, is located in the central part of the Eurasian continent, on the northwest border of the motherland, with a total area of 6.5438+0.66 million square kilometers, accounting for about one-sixth of the country's total land area; The country is adjacent to Tibet, Qinghai, Gansu and other provinces, and borders eight countries including Mongolia, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan and India.

The land border is more than 5,600 kilometers, accounting for about a quarter of the national land border. It is a provincial administrative region with the largest area, the largest number of neighboring countries and the longest land border in China.

Xinjiang belongs to a typical temperate continental arid climate, with scarce precipitation and strong evaporation. The average annual precipitation is 154.8 mm, and more than 570 rivers are formed by melting snow in mountainous areas. Glacier reserves are 2. 1.3 trillion cubic meters, accounting for 42.7% of the whole country, so it is called "solid reservoir". The total amount of water resources is 83.2 billion cubic meters, ranking first in the country, but the water output per unit area is only one-sixth of the national average.

The spatial and temporal distribution of water resources is extremely uneven, and resource and engineering water shortage coexist. Xinjiang is rich in land resources. The area of land directly utilized by agriculture, forestry and Maki Ka in the whole region is 654.38+0 billion mu, accounting for more than one tenth of the land suitable for agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry in China.

The existing cultivated land is 776 1 10,000 mu, and the per capita cultivated land is 3.23 mu, which is 2. 12 times of the national average. The natural grassland area is 860 million mu, and the usable grassland area is 720 million mu, accounting for 34.4% of the total area. It is one of the five pastoral areas in China.

There are 13 national nature reserves and 16 autonomous nature reserves in the whole region, with a total area of about196.375 million hectares, accounting for 1 1.82% of the whole region. The days with good air quality in the whole region accounted for 67% of the whole year, and the days with good air quality in Urumqi, the capital, accounted for 67.2% of the whole year.

The average sunshine time in Xinjiang is 2600-3400 hours, ranking second in the country, which provides good natural conditions for the cultivation of characteristic and advantageous agricultural products.

Second, the three northeastern provinces

1, Liaoning Province

Liaoning Province, referred to as "Liao" for short, is the capital of Shenyang, an important heavy industry base in China, the province with the most complete industrial categories in China, one of the earliest coastal provinces in China that implemented the policy of opening to the outside world, one of the earliest provinces in China in modern times, and one of the important birthplaces of Chinese nation and civilization.

The cradle of new China's industrial rise has made great sacrifices and contributions to China since the reform and opening up, and is known as "the eldest son of the country" and "the Ruhr of the East".

Liaoning is named after the permanent tranquility of the Liaohe River Basin.

Tangshu Hebei Road; Tokyo Road, Liao Zhi; Gold is still there; Yuan established Liaoyang Province; Ming is the commander of Liaodong; General Liaodong was established in Qing Dynasty, later changed to General Fengtian, later changed to General Shengjing, and later changed to General Fengtian in late Qing Dynasty; The Republic of China changed Liaoning Province from 65438 to 0929, which was the beginning of Liaoning's name. The Puppet Manchukuo was restored to Fengtian and changed to Liaoning Province1945 after the recovery; At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was divided into Liaodong Province and Liaoxi Province, and then merged to restore Liaoning Province. The name of the province has not changed so far.

2. Heilongjiang Province

Heilongjiang province is located at1211'-13505' and 43 25'-53 33' north latitude, which is the northernmost part of China. The north and east are bounded by Heilongjiang and Ussuri rivers, facing Russia; The west is adjacent to Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region; The south borders Jilin Province. It covers an area of over 460,000 square kilometers.

The terrain is complex. There are Daxing 'anling in the northwest, Xiaoxing 'anling in the north, Zhangguangcailing, Laoyeling, Taipingling and Wandashan in the southeast, Nenjiang in the southwest, and the Songhua River runs through the whole province from north to south, forming Sanjiang Plain in the northeast and Songnen Plain in the southwest. There is also Xingkai Lake in the southeast.

The elevation of hills and mountains is about 300-1780m, accounting for 70% of the total area of the province, and the elevation of plains is about 50-250m, accounting for 30% of the total area of the province. The distribution of mountains and plains constitutes the high terrain in the northwest, north and southeast of the province, and the low terrain in the northeast and southwest.

Heilongjiang Province now governs 13 prefecture-level administrative units, municipalities 19 county-level cities, 47 counties, 64 districts, 464 towns, 480 townships and 9 157 villages.

3.jilin province

Jilin Province, referred to as "Ji" for short, is located in the northeast of China. This is the granary and industrial cradle of China, and Changchun, the provincial capital, is a famous automobile city, film city and science, education and culture city in China.

Jilin's position in the whole country is mainly reflected in three aspects, about 2%: area 187400 square kilometers, accounting for1.95% of the whole country; The population is 27.533 million, accounting for 2% of the country; In 20 15, the GDP reached14274.1billion yuan, accounting for 1.97% of the whole country. It has jurisdiction over 1 sub-provincial cities, 7 prefecture-level cities, Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture and Changbai Mountain Administrative Committee, and 60 counties (cities, districts).

Jilin Province is located in the geographical center of Northeast Asia, and consists of northeast China, North Korea, South Korea, Japan, Mongolia and Russian East Siberia. It plays an important role in the international cooperation and development of Tumen River area actively supported by UNDP, and has superior geographical conditions for cooperation with Northeast Asia. It is an important window for China to open to Northeast Asia.

Jilin Province is an important industrial base and commodity grain production base in China. The processing and manufacturing industry in Jilin Province is relatively developed, with automobile, petrochemical and agricultural products processing as the three pillar industries, and medical health, equipment manufacturing, photoelectric (aerospace) information, new materials and tourism as the dominant industries.

Jilin Province is located in the world-famous "Golden Corn Belt" and the famous "Hometown of Black Land", with unique agricultural production conditions. Over the years, the grain commodity rate, per capita grain possession and per capita meat possession in Jilin Province are all ranked as 1.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Five Provinces in Northwest China

Baidu encyclopedia-three northeastern provinces