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Investigation report on garbage disposal in Zigui county of Three Gorges reservoir area

Zigui County is located in the west of Hubei Province, at the head of the Three Gorges Project. This is the hometown of Qu Yuan, the birthplace of dragon boat sports, and the "hometown of navel oranges in China". It integrates celebrities, famous Gorges, famous dams and famous lakes, and has world-class cultural tourism resources such as Three Gorges scenery, Three Gorges hydropower project and Qu Yuan cultural celebrities.

The construction of the Three Gorges Dam, which attracts worldwide attention, has transformed the Three Gorges reach from a natural river into a reservoir. In order to protect the water environment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, the State Council adopted the Water Pollution Prevention and Control Plan for the Three Gorges Reservoir Area and its Upper Reaches. Since the Tenth Five-Year Plan, the state has invested a lot of money in sewage treatment, garbage and hazardous waste treatment, industrial pollution prevention, ecological environment protection and ship pollution control in the Three Gorges reservoir area, which has greatly improved the water environment quality in the Three Gorges reservoir area. Zigui county is the first county in the Three Gorges reservoir area. At present, Zigui county has built 14 sewage treatment plants and landfills, which have contributed to the improvement of water environment quality in the Three Gorges reservoir area.

First, the status quo of garbage disposal

(A) garbage disposal planning

Zigui county has included seven garbage disposal projects in the water pollution prevention and control plan of the Three Gorges reservoir area and its upper reaches, namely, seven urban garbage disposal plants, including county town, Guojiaba, Shazhenxi, Guizhou, Quyuan, Shuitianba and Shetan, with a total investment of 865,438+490,000 yuan (including 68.28 million yuan of national debt investment and 65,438+yuan of local supporting investment).

(2) Construction of garbage disposal projects

In addition to Shuitianba Township, seven garbage treatment plants have been built in various towns of Zigui County, and six garbage treatment plants have been built in the county, Guojiaba, Shazhenxi, Guizhou, Quyuan and Xietan. The garbage treatment plants in the county, Guojiaba, Shazhenxi and Guizhou have passed the provincial comprehensive acceptance and put into operation, and two garbage treatment plants in Quyuan and Xietan are being put into trial operation.

The implementation of the waste disposal project in Zigui County has played a positive role in improving the environment of the reservoir area and promoting the local economic development. The first is to control environmental pollution. The project has been put into operation, with a total garbage disposal capacity of 230,000 tons (the daily garbage disposal capacity of county garbage disposal plants is 1.20 tons, and the daily garbage disposal capacity of six town garbage disposal plants is 60 tons), which fundamentally solves the environmental pollution problem caused by littering, improves the production and living environment of town residents and plays an important role in protecting the water quality of the Yangtze River. The second is to bring life to the economic side. With the implementation of the project, it will directly or indirectly bring about 8 million yuan in financial revenue such as construction safety tax, deed tax, farmland occupation tax and new paid land use fee (land transfer fee). At the same time, the construction of the project has promoted the development of local building materials, construction, transportation and other related industries, solved the employment problem of some rural surplus labor, and increased the income of the people. The third is to improve the basic conditions. From project initiation to planning, design and construction, we always adhere to the people-oriented principle, adjust measures to local conditions, closely link with local conditions, fully combine project construction with improving local basic conditions, and give full play to the efficiency of the use of treasury bonds. First, combined with the construction of market towns, supporting roads have been built and rebuilt, further improving the living environment and traffic conditions of urban residents; Secondly, combined with the operation needs of landfill, the selection of operation equipment is optimized, and construction machinery and garbage collection and transportation equipment are configured, which not only meets the operation needs of landfill, but also serves the construction of market towns and emergency rescue and disaster relief.

Second, the main problems in garbage disposal

(A) landfill can not fully meet the needs. First, there are three market towns in our county, namely Lianghekou, Meijiahe and Moping in Qinggan River Basin. There is no sanitary landfill site for domestic garbage in the cultural town of Tongzhuanghe River Basin, involving a population of10.5 million, and generating about 40 tons of garbage every day. Not all of them have been treated harmlessly, and there are hidden dangers of environmental pollution. Therefore, it is urgent to plan and construct the corresponding market town landfill. Second, the population growth of Mao Ping, the county seat, exceeded the original planning, and the amount of domestic garbage increased significantly. As the ship's domestic garbage in Mao Ping Port enters the landfill for treatment, the daily average garbage treatment capacity reaches 1.20 tons, and the highest reaches 1.50 tons/day, far exceeding the landfill's treatment capacity of 70 tons/day. Therefore, the service life of the completed landfill is shortened, and the second phase of the project needs to be implemented urgently. Third, rural garbage, especially in larger villages, cannot be treated. There are many garbage spots in rural areas, and if they are not effectively treated for a long time, the harm to the ecological environment will be immeasurable. The treatment of rural garbage needs to be studied.

(2) Urban sanitation facilities are not matched. Except for the limited number of sanitation facilities in county towns and market towns along the river, the sanitation facilities in other market towns are mainly several garbage ponds and a tractor. At present, there are widespread problems such as insufficient sanitation facilities, insufficient quantity and low degree of mechanization, which leads to low efficiency, high cost and poor effect of urban sanitation work.

(3) Lack of funds for garbage disposal. Although all towns in the county have established a sanitation charging system, because there are many urban immigrants, students and unemployed residents (laid-off workers), the economic affordability is limited, and the sanitation charging standard is low, even the wages of sanitation workers are not enough, not to mention the cost of sanitary landfill and standardized garbage disposal. Consequences: firstly, it brings great economic pressure to local governments, institutions and units; Second, the standardized treatment of garbage is affected; Third, the wages of sanitation workers in a few places are not implemented, which leads to social disharmony and instability.

III. Countermeasures and Suggestions

(1) Further strengthen the planning. Planning is the premise and foundation of promoting all work. At present, the guiding plan for garbage disposal in the reservoir area of our county is the Water Pollution Prevention and Control Plan for the Three Gorges Reservoir Area and Its Upstream approved by the State Council. This plan was compiled earlier, and many basic data refer to the situation provided by various places before 2000, which can not fully adapt to the reality of current and future economic and social development in the reservoir area. Therefore, the state has organized relevant departments and scientific research institutions to modify the plan, but it has not been reported to the State Council for approval and implementation, which has lagged behind, and will inevitably affect the prevention and control of water pollution in the reservoir area during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period. To this end, first, we must further revise and improve the planning content and enhance the scientific nature of the planning. It is suggested that the comprehensive environmental treatment projects of Mao Ping River Basin, Jiuwanxi River Basin and Qinggan River Basin in Zigui County, as well as the waste treatment projects of Lianghekou, Meijiahe, Moping and Wenhua Town and the second phase of county waste treatment projects should be included in the planning. Second, organize the implementation of the revised plan after it is submitted to the State Council for approval as soon as possible, so as to enhance the timeliness of the plan. Third, industry planning, departmental planning and regional planning should be coordinated with each other to enhance the unity of planning. It is necessary to coordinate and supplement relevant plans such as domestic waste treatment, industrial solid waste treatment, hazardous waste treatment, medical and health waste treatment, ship waste treatment, floating objects treatment in the Yangtze River and comprehensive rural waste treatment. At the same time, it is necessary to coordinate garbage disposal with sewage disposal planning and with regional economic and social development planning.

(2) Further increase investment. There are insufficient garbage disposal facilities in the reservoir area, so it is necessary to invest a lot of money to improve various disposal facilities. Because garbage disposal does not directly produce economic benefits, we can only give priority to government investment and gradually guide enterprises and individuals to increase their investment in garbage disposal. According to the actual situation of Zigui County in the reservoir area, the county has heavy inundation losses, heavy resettlement tasks and great difficulty in getting rich, and its economic development level is far from that of developed areas. Suggestions are as follows: First, in the construction of urban garbage disposal and comprehensive improvement of river basin environment, the proportion of central financial subsidies should be increased, local governments should give appropriate support, and the central and local governments should arrange funds according to the proportion of 85% and 15% of the total project investment respectively; Second, increase subsidies for the operating expenses of garbage disposal. According to the current sewage treatment fee subsidy policy, the central government subsidizes the completed garbage treatment plants according to a certain proportion and a certain period of time, and the rest is solved by local financial subsidies and garbage treatment fees; Third, departments cooperate to form a joint force to develop special funds for domestic waste, hazardous waste, ship waste, industrial solid waste, medical and health waste, new rural environmental management, floating object treatment and other aspects in the departments of reform, immigration, economy and trade, transportation, construction, health, agriculture and environmental protection. We will concentrate on overall planning and give consideration to each other, complement each other's advantages, form a joint force, and play a greater comprehensive benefit.

(3) Further intensify the pilot program. As for rural garbage, there is no ready-made treatment experience, because medical garbage, pesticide and fertilizer packaging, agricultural film and so on account for a certain proportion in the garbage composition, so it is recommended to pilot it first. First, garbage classification, that is, medical garbage, pesticide and fertilizer container packaging, agricultural film and other recyclable materials can be recycled, toxic and harmful substances can be burned, those that cannot be burned can be disinfected and buried, and other domestic garbage can be returned to the field as fertilizer; Second, those that need to be buried can be treated differently. For villages with convenient transportation and within 0/0 km from the municipal waste landfill/KLOC-0, garbage collection and transfer facilities are provided, and they are collected and transported to the waste landfill for landfill. For villages with inconvenient transportation and far away from urban garbage dumps, small garbage landfills should be built nearby.

(4) Further intensify mechanism innovation. Garbage disposal itself does not directly create economic benefits, but if the system is smooth and flexible, it can still save operating expenses by reducing disposal costs. Therefore, it is necessary to innovate the garbage disposal mechanism. The innovation direction of garbage disposal mechanism is to promote marketization, enterprise and specialization. Specifically, it is to introduce competition mechanism, auction the right to operate publicly, sign business contracts with operators, implement target assessment and strictly reward and punish.

(five) to further strengthen law enforcement supervision. Strengthening law enforcement, investigating illegal acts and standardizing the behavior of garbage disposal enterprises and residents are the guarantee for doing a good job in garbage disposal in the reservoir area. First, it is necessary to further improve the relevant laws, regulations and local policies on garbage disposal, so that there are laws to follow; Second, construction, environmental protection, water conservancy and other relevant departments should combine their own responsibilities and seriously investigate and deal with illegal acts involving garbage disposal according to law; The third is to strengthen the capacity building of supervision and law enforcement, carry out training for law enforcement personnel, improve the quality of law enforcement personnel, equip them with necessary law enforcement tools and vehicles, and enhance their law enforcement capabilities to meet the needs of garbage disposal supervision and law enforcement.