It is said that many generations of Hebei moved from Shanxi in the Yuan Dynasty. Is it true?/You don't say.

Historical Background of Immigrants of Sophora japonica in Hong Tong, Shaanxi Province

The large-scale migration during Hongwu and Yongle periods in Ming Dynasty has its historical background and reasons, so it is natural to start with the history at the end of Yuan Dynasty.

The Yuan Dynasty ruled in China for only 89 years. Although in its heyday, it only knew how to shoot an eagle with a bow. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, due to the cruel exploitation and oppression of farmers by Mongolian nobles and feudal landlords, class contradictions and ethnic contradictions intensified day by day, floods, droughts, locusts and epidemics continued, and people were miserable, which made Henan, Shandong, Hebei, northern Anhui and other central plains regions "all roads were blocked" (Record of Ming Taizu, Volume 29) resist the brutal rule of the Yuan Empire, only in the first year of Zheng Zheng (134). Zheng Zheng eight years, Taizhou Fang Guozhen uprising, Zheng Zheng eleven years, Yingzhou Liu Futong uprising, known as the Red Scarf Army, qi zhou Xu Shouhui uprising. In the twelfth year, Guo Zixing and Zhu Yuanzhang set out for Haozhou, and in the second year, Zhang Shicheng set out for Taizhou, Jiangsu. After more than ten years, especially in Liu Futong, the Red Scarf Army fought with the army in Huaibei, Henan, Shandong, Hebei and other places, and farmers responded in succession. The Yuan army sent elite soldiers to fight against the peasant army, attacking the city and plundering the land, killing and plundering, and doing everything possible. In September of the 12th year of Zheng Zheng, Prime Minister Yuan "Tuotuo broke Xuzhou and slaughtered the city" ("Tuotuo Biography of Yuan History"). In the seventeenth and twenty-first years of Zheng Zheng, the Chahan Timur Department of the Yuan Army was at war with the peasant army, and "both sides suffered losses and beheaded more than 10,000 people" (Biography of Chahan Timur in the Yuan Dynasty). In November of the 18th year of Zheng Zheng, the Yuan Army "Liu Qi rented Shunde and robbed grain. Later, the regular army of the Yuan Army was so elite that it was unable to suppress the peasant rebels. Some landlords armed themselves, in order to safeguard their own interests, and also cooperated with the Yuan Army to crack down on farmers. Wang Baobao and his son from Shanxi and Li Siqi from Shaanxi also sent troops to the north of Henan, Shaanxi and Shandong, and finally suppressed the Red Scarf Army. In these battles, the Yuan army and the landlord armed forces mostly "uprooted the land and slaughtered the city" (Yuan history. Chronicle of Shundi) killed 10 people in Henan, Shandong, northern Jiangsu and northern Anhui. At that time, the famous Yangzhou City only killed 18 people. ("History of the Ming Dynasty in Zulu", Volume 5) The genealogy of cattle in Wenxian village also contains: "The soldiers killed Henan, and the land was thousands of miles away. "It has reached the situation of' spring mud goes nowhere, and it is a thousand miles away'. Later, Zhu Yuanzhang sent troops to Jianghuai, sent Xu Da and Chang Yuchun to the Northern Expedition, made progress in Shandong, recovered Henan, set Kyoto in the north, and Yuan Di died in Mobei, thus ending the 16-year military chaos at the end of Yuan Dynasty.

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, besides the mutiny, floods, drought locusts and epidemics broke out one after another. The Yellow River and Huaihe River burst repeatedly, making the Central Plains land "floating without fields, houses, countless deaths, and most villages and towns abandoned." According to the historical records of Yuan Dynasty, there were 19 rains and droughts in Shandong, 17 in Henan, 15 in Hebei and 8 in Huaibei. (The Five Elements of Yuan Dynasty) resulted in "People are not living well, many people die" (Yuan Shundi) and "When crops don't enter the ground, people eat each other" (Yuan Wuxing). From the first year of Zheng Zheng to the twenty-sixth year, there were serious floods almost every year. "The first year of Zheng Zheng, the capital of song dynasty and Zhou Jun floods. On the ugly night of June, Jinan's landscape surged, rushing to the east and west, flowing into Xiaoqing River, Montenegro, Tianma, Shigu and other villages, and Wolong's landscape flowed into Daqing River, with more than a thousand floating residents, not counting drowning. In February of three years, landslides and floods occurred in Ningyuan, Fuqiang and Ji Cheng counties of Changgong, and no one drowned. In May, the Yellow River burst into Mao Kou. In July, Zhongmou, Fugou, Weishi and Weichuan counties in the capital of song dynasty, Xishui in Xingyang and Dashui in Yin San county, Zhengzhou. In May of four years, Bazhou was flooded. In June, heavy rain fell in Gongxian County, Henan Province, and there were hundreds of floating houses in Yishui and Luoshui. Jining Road, Yanzhou, Bianliang, Yanling, Tongxu, Chenliu, Linying and other counties were flooded and people ate people. In July, the Luanhe River is full of land, and there are not many people drifting on Yongping Road. Dongping Road in Dong 'e, Yanggu, Wenshang and Pingyin counties, and Dashui in Ya 'an County ... In July of five years, the river definitely helped Yin, and the floating officials and people were exhausted. In October, the Yellow River flooded. In May of seven years, Huangzhou was flooded ... In the first month of eight years, Xinhai broke the river and fell into Jining Road. June, ugly. In Songzi County, Zhongxing Road, there was a shower and the water soared. The ground was more than five feet deep and drifted for more than 60 miles, 1500 people died. It was this month that Jiaozhou was flooded. In July, there was a flood in Gaomi County. 1In July, 1999, floods occurred in Gongan, Shishou, Qianjiang and Jianli counties in Zhongxing Road and Mianyang area. In summer and autumn, crops in qi zhou are damaged by floods. ...

/kloc-in June of 0/2, there was a shower in Songzi County, Zhongyang Road, and the water level soared, drifting away more than a thousand houses and drowning 700 people. In July, there was a flood in Xi 'an County, Asia. In the summer of 13th year, there were floods in Feng Run, Yutian, Zunhua and Pinggu counties of Jizhou ... 14. In June, it rained heavily in Fugong County, Henan Province, and the Yi and Luo rivers flooded, leaving no residents and drowning more than 300 people. In autumn, there was a flood in Jizhou ... In sixteen years, Yin He County in Zhengzhou was ruled by the river, and the mansion was abandoned and became a middle stream. ..... In June of 17th year, summer rain and Zhanghe River flooded, and Guangping county and city were flooded. In autumn, Jizhou County was flooded. In the autumn of eighteen years, the capital and Jizhou were flooded. /kloc-in September of 0/9, it was decided to be in Rencheng County, Jeju. In July 20, Tongzhou was flooded. In March of the 22nd year, Guangze County in Shaowu was flooded. Twenty-three years, Meng Zhou Jiyuan, Wenxian flood. In July, the river washed away Dongping and Shouzhang counties, washed away the city walls, drifted away the houses and drowned many people. In March of 2004, the well water in Yidu County overflowed and turned yellow. Huaiqing Road, Mengzhou, Hanoi, Wuzhi County. In July, Yidu Road, Tingguang County and Gaomi County of Jiaozhou were flooded. In the autumn of twenty-five years, Jizhou was flooded. Dongping program, Dong 'e and Pingyin counties burst their creeks and reached Qinghe River, destroying houses and injuring crops. In February 26, Hebei migrated from Dongming, Cao and Pu to Jining. It rained heavily in Henan in June, and the water overflowed, which was too deep. There are hundreds of residents living in Dongguan. In autumn and July, floods occurred in Jizhou, Weihui, Bianliang and Zhou Jun counties. In August, the Daqing River in Dizhou was decided, and the border between Bindi and Dizhou was completely abolished. The West Yellow River in Feicheng County and Jining Road flooded during the flood season, and the houses in Tianhe 100 were gone, and more than 70 miles in Qihe County, Texas were gone. (Records of Five Elements in Yuan Dynasty) Such records can be found everywhere in yuan dynasty history. Especially in Henan, there are serious floods almost every year. The Ministry of Household Affairs of Zhongshu Province once said: "After years of floods and droughts, Tian He will not accept it." ("Yuan History". Shundi Zhuan) At that time, a minister in charge of rivers also said that the Central Plains region was "starved for years, and the people could not make ends meet." (History of the Yuan Dynasty, Volume II)

At the end of Yuan Dynasty, there were not only serious floods in the Central Plains, but also frequent locusts. From the first year of Zheng Zheng to the twenty-fifth year, there were 189 locust plagues. ("Yuan History". "Five Elements") Ming Dow in the Yuan Dynasty, until June of the twelfth year, "three counties were opened, slippery and sparse, and there were 716,980 hungry people due to floods, droughts and locusts". (yuan dynasty history. Biography of Shun Di) From the end of the Yuan Dynasty to the end of the Yuan Dynasty, there were fifteen famines in the Central Plains (History of the Yuan Dynasty). There was a famine in Henan in the seventeenth year. In eighteen years, "the capital was hungry and Zhang De was hungry". In the 19th year of Zheng Zheng, Hebei, Shandong and Henan starved to death, and five people in Tongzhou killed their children to eat. Baoding road is full of evil, and soldiers prey on the weak. In Jin Meng, Xin 'an, Mianchi and other places in Lu Yu, there has been a tragic situation of "people eat locusts and people eat people". At the same time, the extremely harmful plague has been prevalent in Henan, Shandong, Hebei, Shaanxi and southern provinces for many times. (Yuan Shi. Records of five elements)

All of the above, the chaos of soldiers, floods, locusts and epidemics complement each other, and the people either die or flee, making the Central Plains vast and sparsely populated, and the land barren. The Yuan government had to reduce some roads leading to the state, such as "reducing Xuzhou Road to Wu' an State". (yuan dynasty history. "Biography of Shun Di") Even in the Ming Dynasty, due to the sharp drop in population and grain, many states had to be downgraded, and the famous city Kaifeng was reduced from the upper government to the lower government (Records of Ming Taizu, vol. 96, 193). In the ten years of Hongwu, the counties such as Henan, to which the Chief Secretary belongs, had "countless grains", and "every state changed to a county, and twelve counties merged". (A Record of Ming Taizu 120, 164) In the seventeenth year of Hongwu, there were less than 3,000 households in more than 30 states, and it was still reduced to a county. (Record of Ming Taizu, Volume 164)

After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, officials from all over the country reported to the Ming government the barren situation in various places. The Central Plains region is full of "shortage of manpower, which has been barren for a long time" (Records of Ming Taizu 148), with few residents (Records of Ming Taizu 176) and "most of them are uninhabited" (despite Records of Japan 10), and taxes are not paid for years. It directly threatened the rule of the Ming Dynasty, and even Zhu Yuanzhang knew: "After the chaos, the original place was sparsely populated, so it was urgent for the Central Plains to open up land and increase household registration" (Record of Ming Taizu, Volume 25), so Su Qi of Zhou Tao (Record of Ming Taizu, Volume 50), family doctor Liu Jiugao (Record of Food and Loan in the Ming Dynasty) and Song Na of imperial academy were adopted.

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During the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, a large number of immigrants began, agricultural production just resumed, and the "Jingnan War" happened again. The four-year war aggravated the desolation of the Central Plains, so there was still a move to move people from Yongle.

After Zhu Yuanzhang died, Wen Jian succeeded to the throne. In order to consolidate centralization, he took the measure of "cutting vassal". Judy, the prince of Yan, marched from Beijing to Nanjing in the name of going to Beijing to punish traitors, and visited Hebei, Henan, Shandong, northern Anhui, Huaibei and other places, and fought repeatedly with government forces for four years. This is the so-called "Swallow Sweeping the Monument" widely circulated in the Central Plains. At that time, people in some areas organized their own armed forces and refused to resist the army of the Prince of Yan, which reflected the people's desire to live and work in peace and contentment and resume production.

According to the Ming History, during the war, the Yan army plundered and slaughtered very seriously, such as "the Yan army plundered Zhen, Shunde, Guangping and Daming". (Biography of Ming Taizu Gongmin) In the battle of Baigou River, the prince "beheaded tens of thousands and set fire to more than 100,000". (Ming history. After Judy's victory, the people of the Central Plains automatically helped the government troops against the Yan army, and they killed the troops and people loyal to Wen Jian. According to some genealogy records in Hebei and Shandong, the village town became a market as soon as Yan Bing arrived. When the prince of Yan hit the junction of Hebei and Henan, he was resisted by the local armed "Eighteen Villages Friendship Association". The prince turned to Nanjing without a standard and was taken by the Yan people. Li's Genealogy, written in Guangxu, Zhai Village, Linqing County, Shandong Province, recorded that King Gai Yan could not fight. When he was writing, he organized the North and South armies, the South army pursued him, and the North army was defeated, committing crimes from north to south. When you miss him, you either kill, scrape or run away. Six or seven hundred miles from east to west and nearly a thousand miles from north to south are just a few hills.

Therefore, the battle of Jingnan intensified the desolate situation of the Central Plains, and the people either killed or fled, which is another reason for Yongle immigrants.

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, there was famine and chaos in the Central Plains, but Shanxi was a different scene. The chaos in the Central Plains and various disasters and epidemics rarely spread to Shanxi, and no major floods, droughts and pests occurred in most parts of Shanxi. Compared with neighboring provinces, it enjoys social stability, economic prosperity and affluent population. Yuan Man Zhong You said in "The Story of Building a City in the River (Zhou Pu)": There is a fire today, and the river is empty. Although it was a compliment from feudal literati, it also showed that the eastern part of Shanxi was relatively stable, and refugees from neighboring provinces flowed into Shanxi, which made the population of southern Shanxi dense for fourteen years. The population of Henan is 189. 1 10,000, that of Hebei is1893,000, and that of Shanxi is 4,030,450, which is equal to the total population of Hebei and Henan. Textual research on immigration facts (Record of Ming Taizu, Volume 140)

During the Hongwu period of Ming Dynasty, Sophora japonica in Hongdong, Shanxi Province immigrated on a large scale 18 times, and during Yongle period, it immigrated 8 times, accounting for 18 times:

1, 1373. "(Hongwu) lived in Fengyang, Shanxi for six years."

2. In 1376. "(Hongwu) moved to Shanxi in November of the ninth year, really settled the proletarians, settled in Fengyang, and sent people to send them winter clothes." (Hongwu) 1999 1 1 month, moved to Shanxi, and became a real proletarian with Tian Fengyang. "

3. 1380. "(Hongwu) In May of the thirteenth year, there were more than 24,000 Shanxi militiamen, which shows that they are still human."

4. 1388. "(Hongwu) In August of the 21st year, the people of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Province and Shandong Province had no land and lived in Zhangde, Calm, Linqing, Guide and Taikang."

"(Hongwu) In August of the 21st year, Qianze and unemployed workers recovered the northern Henan field and gave money and furniture for three years."

5. 1389. "(Hongwu) In September of the 22nd year, Zhu Rong, commander-in-chief of the rear army, wrote:" The poor people in Shanxi who moved to Daming, Guangping and Dongchang now have 2,672 hectares. "

6. 1389. "(Hongwu) In September of the 22nd year, Zhang Congzheng, a citizen of Qinzhou, Shanxi, and other people 1 16 advertised to raise funds for farming. When the Ministry heard about this, it ordered him to receive all the banknotes. Sent out, the governor Xu Li gave it to him. "

7. 1392. "In August of the twenty-fifth year of Hongwu, Shengfeng, Fu Youde Shuai Guo Kai Palace Changsheng and other Shanxi branches were all military and civilian, and settled in Datong, Dongsheng and Shiliuwei."

"(twenty-five years of Hongwu) in August, Shengfeng, Fu Youde and other places in Datong wasteland. Counting Pingyang voters Ding Jiuwei, Taiyuan, Liao, Qin and Fen, and voters Ding Qiwei. ..... 5600 people per guard. "

8. 1392. "(twenty-five years of Hongwu) in December, Li Ke and Xu Li returned to Beijing. First, they were told to listen to those who told Shanxi people to move to Zhangde, and even reported to seven houses, including Zhangde, Weihui, Guangping, Daming, Dongchang, Kaifeng and Huaiqing, that there were 598 households. "

9. 1395. "(Hongwu) In the first month of the 28th year, 26,600 soldiers of Shanxi government troops and horses went to Saibei to build a city and open up wasteland."

10, 1402. "(Hongwu) In September of thirty-five years, people who moved to Shanxi Province without land gave money in Peiping, which was five years later."

"(Hongwu) In September of the thirty-fifth year, the Ministry of Housing sent personnel to verify that Taiyuan was separated from Pingyang, Ze, Lu, Liao, Fen, Qin, Ding Duotian Shao and Wu Tian's home, and they were separated into Beiping counties."

1 1, 1403. "In August of the first year of Yongle, he was convicted and imprisoned in Beijing to farm for the people. The rest were exonerated, and the staff was woven with armor, and his wife and children were sent to Beijing, Yongping and other counties to farm for the people. Does not discuss the performance: Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan, four chief secretaries, learn from the "Li Jia" compiled by this chief secretary ... "

12, 1404. "(Yongle) In September of the following year, Shanxi Wanhu moved to Beiping."

"(Yongle) moved to Taiyuan, Pingyang, Ze, Lu, Liao, Fen, Shanxi in September of the following year."

13, 1405. "(Yongle) In September of the third year, thousands of people in Shanxi Province lived in Beiping."

"In September of the third year of Yongle, I moved to Taiyuan, Shanxi, and lived in Pingyang, Zelu, Liao, Fen and Beiping."

14, 1406. "(Yongle) In the first month of the fourth year, 2 14 people, including Li Mao, the county magistrate of Huguang, Shanxi and Shandong counties, swore to serve Beijing. I ordered the household department to send it to Daoli. "

15, 1407, "(Yongle) In May of five years, the Ministry of Housing was ordered to transfer 5,000 households in Pingyang, Ze, Lu, Dengfeng, Shandong, Lai and other states in Shanxi Province to the forest garden for grazing and planting. The family gave the Taoist a hundred ingots and five buckets of dry food. "

16, 14 14. "(Yongle) In March of the twelfth year, Qin Long was chosen as the first in the world, and the land was suitable for crops, and Qin Long was changed ... Those guilty people were moved."

"There are six villages in the southeast, southwest, northeast and northwest of Yuanzhou, namely Hongmen, Huangbao, Baisi, Qiaofu and Hongsi." Ten miles ago, it was sent to the official. Yulin, Shuang Ying, Xisang Garden, Nihe, Chadao, Xinzhuang, Dongyuan, Lin Bao, Zaomin Jiutun, and even Guanxiang all said that after ten miles, they would move to Shanxi and other places to fill in, and each household would pull out 50 mu of land for growing grain. "

17, 14 16. "In November of the 14th year of Yongle, it was moved from Shandong, Shanxi and Huguang to Baoan House, and was awarded for three years."

"In November of the fourteenth year of Yongle, there were more than 2,300 refugees from Shandong, Shanxi and Huguang, who lived in the security house and were exempted from service for three years."

18, 14 17. "(Yongle) In May of the fifteenth year, Pingyang, Datong, Yuzhou, Guangling and other states in Shanxi, Shenwai Mountain and other ideas said,' Begging for the leisure places of Beijing, Guangping and Qinghe, occupying land for the people, plowing land, losing taxes according to regulations, Also exempt from one year's rent. "

Geographical distribution of immigrants

According to the official history and notes, such as Ming History, Shi Minglu, Rizhilu, etc. The migration of Sophora japonica in Hong Tong is distributed in 30 provinces and cities with 22 17 counties and cities. Among them, Henan 123 counties and cities, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei 142 counties and cities, Shandong 109 counties and cities, Shanxi 104 counties and cities, Jiangsu, Anhui, Hubei, Hunan 3 16 counties and cities, Shaanxi and Gansu. 227 counties and cities in Zhejiang, Fujian and Jiangxi, 248 counties and cities in Guangdong, Guangxi and Guizhou, 274 counties and cities in Sichuan, Inner Mongolia and Qinghai, 2 10 counties and cities in Yunnan, Tibet and Xinjiang, and10 counties and cities in Hainan and Taiwan Province. In addition, overseas immigrants are mainly distributed in more than 100 countries in Asia, Africa, Europe, America and Oceania.

Geographical distribution of immigrants in China

Henan Shandong Hebei Tianjin Beijing Jiangsu Inner Mongolia Hubei Gansu Guangxi Qinghai Hainan Tibet Xinjiang Jilin Liaoning Heilongjiang Shanxi Ningxia

Immigration legend

The origin of "one village"

There is a big village with thousands of families on the ancient Shahe Road in Dingxian County, Hebei Province, but people still call it "a village". The reason has to start with the relocation of immigrants in the Ming Dynasty.

Legend has it that as far back as 500 years ago, a young couple escaped from the locust tree in Hongdong, Shanxi Province and settled here. Before leaving, the couple asked the fortune teller to do a divination. The fortune teller said, "Yellow Emperor, Yellow Emperor, go east safely." When asked where to live, the fortune teller said, "As soon as I saw the fish on the tree and the cows on the house, I settled down and was safe." Of course, fortune tellers cannot be trusted. They may see that some refugees mostly fled to Henan and Hebei, just to cater to the psychology of refugees. As for "peace", it is even more nonsense. Refugees who starved to death were on their way to Qian Qian.

In any case, the young couple and their two children finally survived. When I came to Shahe, Dingxian County, Hebei Province, I happened to catch up with the flood in Shahe River. The river flooded, the coastal villages were washed away by the flood, the crops were flooded, and the locals had moved with their relatives and friends. The young couple were blocked by the flood on the south bank of Shahe River, begging for a living. After the flood, only the roof was flooded with mud, leaving only the treetops. The countryside has become a sand dune, the deserted beach has become muddy land, and there are dense weeds everywhere. I saw the shepherd boy leading the cattle and sheep to eat grass here, and the cattle ran to the roof to eat grass. I remembered what the fortune teller said before fleeing and thought, "Isn't this the cow going to the house?" When the young couple pulled the grass, they found some dead fish dried by dead cats and dogs hanging on the treetops together. The young couple said happily, "Isn't this the fish in the tree?" Since then, they have been living here, but they have no room, no land and no means of production, and they still make a living by begging. In addition to not eating, I cut some weeds in the wasteland in winter and make some firewood to keep out the cold. In the process of mowing grass and collecting firewood, we saw countless cracks in the ownerless land submerged by mud. Two people discuss, this is not a long-term solution. Now is the season of wheat sowing. We have neither plows nor cows. Why not sprinkle some wheat seeds in this mud gap? After discussion, they went to the landlord's house in a nearby village to borrow money, rented some wheat seeds and broadcast them as soon as they met. The next year, the wheat grew well and got the first good harvest after moving. After the wheat harvest, in addition to paying off the loan, the couple went on a diet, scrimped and saved, and bought some farm work and gradually became rich. Shahe has also moved north. They also built houses on this ancient Shahe Road and settled down.

A few years later, in addition to the two boys in Hongtong, six more boys were born. The eldest brother brought here is called Dahe, and the second is called Xiaohe. The third born here is called Dashui, the fourth is called Boat, and the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth are called five, six, seven and eight respectively according to age order. People made up a jingle for eight children: "River, River, Flood, Boat, Five Children, Six Children, Seven Children, Eight Children". Later, their lives became richer and richer, and all eight children got married and had children. It is said that this family has developed into a eighty-one eloquence separation. Later, the population grew more and more, and the village grew bigger and bigger, but the name "one village" remained unchanged.

The Legend of "Hongdong Immigrants" in Anyang

In the 22nd year of the Republic of China (1993), Annals of Anyang County contained: "According to the Hong nationality, there are many immigrants in Hongdong County, Shanxi Province." Most of the indigenous people in the territory have been handed down from generation to generation: their ancestral home is Shanxi, and they moved to the locust tree in Hongtong County during the Hongwu period. According to legend, at the end of Yuan Dynasty, the rulers imposed exorbitant taxes, and the people were in dire straits. The Central Plains region was divided by ethnic groups, and wars were frequent. Coupled with the Yellow River burst its banks and famine for years, it has caused the tragic scene of "a hundred people stay behind, and there are no crows in a thousand miles". After Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming Dynasty, he immigrated to the Central Plains from Shanxi several times and resumed agricultural production. Because Hongtong County is located in the south of Shanxi Province, close to the Central Plains, which is convenient for immigrants, many local farmers have been organized to move. Legend has it that Li Ke, commander-in-chief of the rear army who was in charge of voters at that time, used various methods to lure away farmers who were unwilling to open up wasteland. It was once threatened that all farmers who voluntarily moved to Guangji Temple could go through the formalities, and those who did not want to move to the temple could wait for the verdict under the locust tree on the left. As soon as this statement spread, most of the farmers who should move crowded under the big locust tree. As a result, all the farmers who went under the tree moved. It is said that there was a crow's nest on the locust tree at that time. The relocated farmers looked at the crow's nest and said, "The old crow still has a nest, and we can live peacefully in the world!" As a result, the pagoda tree next to Guangji Temple became a symbol of ancestors' forbearance to leave their hometown. The legend of Hongdong immigrants has lasted for more than 600 years. People in Shuizhi Town, Xishui County handed down some surnames and genealogies, and also regarded the ancestors who moved under the big locust tree as ancestors. In addition, the relocated farmers also bit off the feet and little toes of the newborn children as a souvenir when moving people. Therefore, up to now, the toenail cover of most residents in our country is still two flaps.