Where is the birthplace of Qin State? Are Qin people from China or descendants of Rong people? Why do they rise in the west?

The first sentence of Historical Records points out the origin of the ancestors of Qin State. They are descendants of the Yellow Emperor Zhuan Xu (Pinyin: zhuān Xū, one of the five emperors), and their names are Nv (xiū).

Historical Records Biography of Qin Dynasty: Zhuan Xu's grandson, daughter of Qin. According to the Records of Historical Records, the lineage arrangement of the Qin royal family is as follows:

Huangdi → Changyi → Zhuan Xu → Nuwa → Daye → Fei Da (Boyi) → Dalian → Zhongyan → Zhongyan → Gaopan → Hubei → Nuwa → Gaopan → Taiji → Rhoda → Qin Feizi → marquis of Qin → Qin Gongbo → Qin Zhong → Qin Zhuanggong → Qin Xianggong.

Nu Wa and Daye lived in the periods of Emperor Yao, Emperor Zhi and Emperor Yao respectively, while they lived in the periods of Shun and Yu. During the reign of Shun, there was a big flood in China, which helped Yu control the flood. Because of her outstanding achievements, Yao and Shun named her a pair of black flags and banners, and named her Bo, also known as Bo.

Fei Da has two sons, one is Big Face and the other is Ruomu, also known as Fisher. Fei Shi had a great-grandson, named Chang Fei, who lived in the era of Xia Jie, the last monarch of the Xia Dynasty. Later, Chang Fei left the Xia Dynasty and took refuge in Shang Tang, becoming a coachman in Shang Tang. Da Lian had a great-grandson named Zhong Yan, who was invited by Tai Wu, a middle school student in Shang Dynasty, to drive for himself. Zhongyan's descendants have lived in the Shang Dynasty and helped the Shang Dynasty from generation to generation.

Zhongyan had a great-grandson named Rong Xuxuan, and together with Lishan, he gave birth to a son named Zhong Yi, who lived in Xirong. Zhong Yi gave birth to a son named Fei Lian, and Fei Lian gave birth to another son named E Lai. Feilian and Loy were loyal subjects of Shang Zhouwang, the last monarch of Shang Dynasty. When King Wu of Zhou Dynasty attacked Zhou, Fei Lian was abroad, while Hubei was in Shang and Zhou Dynasties.

Chapter 3 of Chu Bamboo Slips in Tsinghua University Warring States Period: Fei Lian fled to Shang Dynasty. The ancestors of the Qin Dynasty were the king who cut the merchants, killed Fei Lian, moved the people of the Shang Dynasty to the west and conquered the slave army. After that, Fei Lian fled to the selected country, which is located in the east of Qufu, Shandong Province today. After Zhou Wuwang's death, Zhou Chengwang succeeded to the throne, and then the rebellion broke out. Wu Geng, the son of Shang Zhouwang, joined forces with some princes loyal to Shang Dynasty to fight against Zhou Dynasty, and the princes who obtained surnames also participated in it, including the election of the country. Zhou Chengwang sent people to attack the selected country and killed Fei Lian, and then Zhou Chengwang moved the people from the selected country to that place, which is today's Tianshui, Gansu.

This part of the Chinese people should also include the descendants of Hubei. Although Eli died in the war attacked by King Wu, he still had a son who survived. Elei has a son named Nvfang, a son named Panggao in Nvfang, a son named Taiji, a son named Rhoda in Taiji, and a son named concubine in Rhoda. Rhoda and Feizi live in Goushan here.

The concubine is good at raising horses and livestock. When Zhou Wang Xiao heard about it, he asked the concubine to raise horses for the Zhou royal family. In just a few years, the number of fat horses has not only increased greatly, but also increased greatly. Lixian county is still one of the largest mule and horse markets in northwest China today, which shows that horse breeding in Lixian county has a historical origin.

Later, Zhou was very happy and gave Fei a fief, which was the earliest fief of Qin State, and was called Qin Yi at that time. Qin Gui is located in Qingshui County and Zhangjiachuan Hui Autonomous County, Tianshui City, Gansu Province.

At this time, the concubine was just a vassal, unable to see the emperor like other vassals and had no independent power. He has only one fief and can only be attached to other vassal States. But from then on, the concubine became the first monarch of the state of Qin, and then took the fief as her surname, which was originally called the king of Qin.

Qin Feizi gave birth to a son named Qin Hou, Qin Hou gave birth to a son named Qin Gongbo, and Qin Gongbo gave birth to a son named Qin Zhong. In the third year of Qin Zhong, Xirong rebelled against the Zhou royal family and destroyed the people who lived in Xiquanqiu, that is, the Qin people who lived here. Rhoda is not the only son who is not a son, but at least one son named Zhao Cheng was killed by Xirong, so he lives in.

Later, Zhou Xuanwang appointed Qin Zhong as a doctor and led an army to crusade against Xirong. As a result, Qin Zhong was also killed by Xirong people. Qin Zhong had five sons, the eldest of whom was Qin Zhuanggong. Zhou Xuanwang summoned five Qin Zhuanggong brothers and sent seven thousand of them to attack Xirong. As a result, Qin Zhuanggong's five brothers defeated Xirong this time, so Qin Zhuanggong was appointed as Xirong's doctor by Zhou Xuanwang.

Qin Zhuanggong later lived in Xigou Mountain. After his death, he had three sons. The eldest son is master. In order to avenge his grandfather Qin Zhong, he gave his successor to his younger brother Qin Xianggong and concentrated on revenge. Master was captured in a battle with Xirong people and was later put back. After Qin Xianggong succeeded to the throne, he adopted a pro-differentiation policy and married his sister Miao Ying to Xirong Wang Feng.

Qin Xianggong lived in the late Western Zhou Dynasty. At that time, Zhou Youwang attacked Zhou Youwang with Empress Shen and Xirong, and Qin Xianggong led Qin people to support Zhou Dynasty, but Zhou Youwang was killed by Xirong, and his son Zhou Pingwang acceded to the throne, but Xirong people constantly harassed Zhou Pingwang, so Zhou Pingwang moved the capital of Western Zhou Dynasty from Haojing to Luoyi. In the process of moving the capital, Qin Xianggong was made a vassal by King Zhou Ping because of his active escort, and he also got rich land.

From then on, Qin Xianggong officially became a vassal, and the State of Qin was formally established. This year is 77 1 BC.

Qifeng refers to the place west of Qishan, which is the land west of Qishan in Baoji City, Shaanxi Province today. This was originally the land of the Zhou Dynasty, but it was later occupied by the Xirong people. Although Zhou Pingwang gave it to Qin Xianggong, the land west of Qishan was occupied by Xirong people at that time. If Qin Xianggong wants to get it back, he must rely on his own strength. There is only a certificate of this land, which was recognized by the Zhou royal family.

At that time, Tianshui and Lixian, the bases of Qin people, were also west of Qishan. As long as we can seize the land to the west of Qishan, the base area of Qin will greatly expand eastward, so we began to attack the Rong people and finally died on the road of conquest. Until his son's time, Qin seized the land west of Qishan and returned the land east of Qishan to the Zhou royal family. Although the capital has been moved, there are still a large number of Zhou people near Qishan, most of whom are.

The ancestors of Qin people were descendants of China, and later moved to Gangu County, Tianshui City, Gansu Province. Later, Qin people headed by Qin Feizi lived in Lixian County, Longnan City, Gansu Province. Later, Qin Feizi was sealed in Qingshui County and Zhangjiachuan Hui Autonomous County, Tianshui City, Gansu Province. Therefore, it is no problem that Qin people originated in Gansu. Later, the Qin people slowly developed. During the period of Qin Xianggong and Qin Wengong, Qin people developed to Baoji, Shaanxi, near Qishan.

After nearly a hundred years of development, in the period of Qin Degong, the state of Qin moved its capital to Yongdi, which is Fengxiang County, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province today. The Qin Dynasty took Yongcheng as its capital for nearly 300 years. After hundreds of years, Qin successively moved its capital to Jingyang and Liyang, Jingyang County, xianyang City, Shaanxi Province, and Liyang moved its capital to Wutun Town, yanliang district, Xi City, Shaanxi Province, until Qin perished.

Therefore, the development history of Qin State is from Gansu to Shaanxi, then occupied the whole Guanzhong, then extended to Bashu, and finally unified the world. There are two main reasons why Qin can rise in the west and dominate the world:

The first is geographical location.

The geographical position of Qin State is the best among the vassal states, occupying the land of Guanzhong, with dangerous passes everywhere, including Xiao Pass in the north, Wu Pass in the south, Big Three Pass in the west and Hangu Pass in the east, especially Hangu Pass, which is known as the first pass in the world and is an important pass to resist the invasion of Qin State by vassal states. Throughout the history of Qin, there are only a handful of broken Hangu Pass, but the land occupied by Qin.

The second is Shang Yang's political reform.

Shang Yang's political reform was the powerful foundation of Qin State, which fundamentally changed Qin State and influenced the history of China for thousands of years. Shang Yang's political reform was the most successful and thorough political reform in China's feudal society. Its main content was to reward agricultural and military achievements, which greatly stimulated the enterprising spirit and fame of Qin people, broke the hereditary of nobles and greatly mobilized the enthusiasm of civilians.

Qin relied on Shang Yang's political reform, which made the fighting capacity of the army extremely strong, and the grain output of Qin was extremely rich. Solved these two problems, Qin naturally became strong. As long as the monarch is not too bad, it is only a matter of time before Qin unified the world. After Shang Yang's political reform 135, Qin unified the world.