Reflections after reading "How to Prepare Lessons"

How to prepare lessons? Mr. Yu’s teaching performance is eye-catching. Not only students like to listen, but teachers also like to listen. The reason is that Teacher Yu himself summarizes that he prepares lessons carefully. Prepare your lessons well.

So, how does Teacher Yu prepare lessons?

Preparing lessons does not mean writing teaching materials. Preparing lessons includes studying teaching materials, collecting information, understanding students, considering teaching ideas and methods, writing lesson plans, etc.

Writing lesson plans is only the last step in preparing lessons - it is a combination of what you have thought and gained from studying the teaching materials, etc., as well as the teaching purpose requirements, key points, difficulties, teaching processes and methods, as well as the collected information about teaching. The information recorded is a "memo" - for reading before class in order to teach the class well.

If writing lesson plans is explicit, then studying teaching materials, consulting materials, collecting information, preparing students, and thinking about teaching methods are implicit. Therefore, he divided lesson preparation into implicit and Explicit two parts.

Implicit lesson preparation is the most important. This is "internal strength" that is sometimes invisible and cannot be expressed in words. People with good internal skills, that is, those with high cultural accomplishment, good understanding, and rich teaching experience, will spend much less time and their efficiency will be high, and vice versa.

The most important thing in implicit lesson preparation is to study the teaching materials. There is a text on your desk, what should you do first?

1. The first step in studying the textbook is to understand the meaning of the words and sentences in the text. While reading, draw new words, new words and sentences with profound meanings. As your understanding improves, you will quickly grasp some key words, wonderful writing, and the key points and difficulties of the text. Once you grasp it, you will Marked. For all new words whose pronunciation was uncertain, he would look them up in the dictionary one by one to make sure they were clear. For example, "over mountains and ridges" and "yue" have seven meanings, which are mentioned here as "crossing". Although the meaning of some words may not necessarily be explained, the teacher must understand and understand it first. Intellectual things cannot be vague at all. Thinking about myself, if I have the quality of serious study as a teacher, I think my teaching results will gradually improve. The reason why excellent teachers are excellent must have something special about them. To become a role model for Chinese teachers across the country, there must be a purpose. As a young teacher, although I do not have decades of rich teaching experience, I love students as much as they do. Therefore, we young people must work hard

2. The second step in studying the teaching materials is to read the text aloud. Chinese is a subject with a strong humanistic nature. Study the outstanding character qualities in the text, and learn the author’s good thoughts of loving nature and his hometown in the text. But how can students truly experience and comprehend the beautiful words and sentences in these interesting middle school texts? Only reading, understanding while reading, feeling while reading, and experiencing the author's thoughts and feelings while reading. So how to teach students to read texts aloud? Teacher Yu believes that reading must be correct, fluent, and emotional. Usually it is read aloud four or five times. For emotional texts, such as "Moonlight Song" and "Hold My Mother for the First Time", I read them aloud even more often. I will not stop until I read "The meanings come from my heart" and "The words come from my mouth". As his sense of language continues to enrich, he only reads most texts once or twice before he can get into the text. Read it for the third or fourth time to familiarize yourself with it and try not to make any mistakes. Although it is inevitable to make mistakes when reading, you can forgive yourself and the students will forgive the teacher, but I always feel that we should not. Even if we make a slight mistake in reading, we will feel uneasy. Reading aloud is the most important part of studying textbooks. Reading aloud is the most important part of studying textbooks. Reading aloud is alive, it jumps out of the paper, and it gives life to the work. When preparing lessons, he strives to read the text "alive". "The Little Match Girl" was read aloud, and the students couldn't help but burst into tears. "The Little Straw Rice Escape" was read aloud, and all the children danced with joy. "Guilin Landscape" was read aloud, and the students did not feel as if they were there. He thought it was a failure in reading aloud because he felt that he did not read the article vividly. Just imagine, a teacher who is so serious about teaching, how could his work not be outstanding? Therefore, once you have read aloud and delved into the teaching materials, you will be more than half successful. Therefore, reading aloud is of great significance.

How high the teacher's reading level is, the students' reading level will be higher, even better than the teacher's. If the teacher's level is not high, don't expect the students' reading level to be outstanding. A classroom in which teachers and students read wonderfully must be a classroom full of vitality, spirituality and interest. So how to prepare for "reading aloud" in classroom teaching? Teacher Yu believes that to prepare for "reading aloud", the first step is to read more and try to figure out the artistic conception, thoughts and feelings in the text (including the thoughts and feelings of the characters). The second is to listen to other people's readings and listen to recordings. Usually, he especially likes to listen to novels and poetry readings on radio stations, which is of great benefit to improving his reading ability. He often said: "Teacher Lu" refers to the best teacher who can read aloud. In fact, "Teacher Lu" refers to VCDs and CDs. Third, to put it further, it is to improve one's artistic accomplishment (especially musical accomplishment) and enrich one's emotions. With high artistic accomplishment, students have richer emotions and can easily connect with the ideas in the text. I remember when I was a child, my mother always let me watch TV and listen to the news broadcast. It seemed that my mother was right. Although my reading level is not high, I deeply like reading. I should learn from Teacher Yu in my daily life to improve my reading ability and improve my classroom teaching.

3. The third step in studying the teaching materials is to correctly understand the author's words and sentences, and the purpose of planning the layout. You must carefully consider and appreciate the ingenuity of the author's carefully crafted words. In "Swallows", Zheng Zhenduo describes how a swallow touches water with the tip of its tail to form a water circle. Why is it called a "small circle"? "The swallow got tired of flying and landed on a few wires in the distance." Why don't we use roots instead of marks? Don't look at it as just one word, how interesting it is! Each text has different layout methods, which must be mastered in order to guide students to understand, learn, and apply. Once you understand the beauty and characteristics of the article and have a clear plan in mind, you will be able to guide students to understand it freely in class. After all, teachers are teachers, organizers and guides. Only when teachers understand deeply can students understand deeply, and even perform exceptionally well under the teacher's training. Otherwise, cultivating students' reading ability will become an empty talk. 4. The fourth step in studying the textbook is to think carefully about the after-class exercises. When dealing with the after-class exercises, I always finish the answers first and then be done with it, but Teacher Yu does not do it simply. He believes that when dealing with exercises, one should carefully consider the requirements of the exercises, and the teacher should do some of them first. For example, he memorized the part that students were required to recite first. Students are required to read the text correctly, fluently and emotionally, and he works hard first. When students are asked to answer questions, he answers them first (sometimes he writes them on the lesson plan, sometimes he thinks about them in his mind). Students must write the words and phrases they are required to write first. What should be paid attention to for each word they are required to write, especially where to start and end each word required to be written. Otherwise, the writing will be irregular. When students are asked to compose a sentence, the teacher must first compose it, not just one sentence, but try to think of all the application ranges of the word. For example, in the lesson "Seaplane", students are required to make sentences using "ultimately". The text reads: The little seagull was determined to find out. The "ultimate" here is based on the "result", that is, understand it clearly and see the result. But in the dictionary, it also uses questioning. Therefore, when making sentences, the teacher made several sentences for each different explanation. This gives you the right to speak in guiding sentence making. But the purpose of the sentences he created was never to let students plagiarize in order to pass the exam. If he did, he would teach the children to death. The above mentioned are several main aspects of studying textbooks. Studying the teaching materials is the most important part of preparing lessons. This way, that way, you can't do it if you don't study the teaching materials well. Implicit lesson preparation also includes finding information. There are many modern auxiliary teaching materials on Teacher Yu’s bookshelf. So how does Teacher Yu prepare lessons in normal times? When Teacher Yu was preparing "The Destruction of the Old Summer Palace", he specifically read the chapters about the Opium War in "General History of China"; when teaching "Ocean - Hope of the 21st Century", he specifically found a lot of ocean knowledge on the Internet. "Modern Chinese Common Character Stroke Order Standards" is even more inseparable. Teachers often get the stroke order wrong when writing on the blackboard. Teacher Yu has the habit of reading and reading newspapers. She likes to read books, newspapers and magazines. This is also a lesson preparation for the teacher. Because he believes that no one can tell which cloud will rain.

Once in a composition class in Changchun, I had to perform a short show with a classmate. Teacher Yu had to perform a show with a classmate. Teacher Yu asked the child what his name was, and the child said: "Feng Yushang." The child asked the teacher what he had discovered with this name. Teacher Yu guessed that the child's parents were music teachers. The child was very excited and asked the teacher how he knew of. Teacher Yu said lightly: "Shang is the 2 in the ancient five tones, and Yu is the 6 in the simplified musical notation." The students listened attentively to this short piece of music, did they also experience a culture from it, and more importantly, Teacher Yu Chu taught a lesson for ordinary teachers like us. To prepare lessons, we should not only prepare teaching materials, but also study more and pay more attention in daily life. As he said: "I don't know which cloud will rain. I remember that Suhomlinsky was very moved when he listened to a history teacher's lecture. When he asked him when he prepared the lesson, the teacher said: "I spent half an hour in class and a lifetime in preparing the lesson." The next step is Think about the teachings. When thinking about teaching methods, one must “prepare students” and “prepare teaching methods.” As mentioned before, after studying the text, the teaching method will often follow. Even if you don't find any good teaching methods, as long as you read aloud and understand the beauty and flavor of the article, the class can be enjoyable. Invisibility is not actually invisible. It refers to the preparation work before writing the lesson plan, which includes invisible thinking. The so-called explicit lesson preparation refers to writing lesson plans. Teacher Yu believes that lesson plans must be written, but not rigidly formal. The things he remembers are very important things to prevent forgetting. This amounts to a "battle plan." The teaching objectives should be memorized, the process should be memorized, the processing and understanding of key words should be memorized, the important words the teacher should say should be memorized, the questions students are required to answer, the articles, paragraphs and sentences they are required to write should be written by the teacher. Once you write, you create. Important reference materials are also written down. He also likes to write "lesson plans" in textbooks, euphemistically known as "preparing lessons in books." He calls implicit lesson preparation as preparing lessons from the heart. I think of new people in every class and want every class to be liked by students, so I prepare lessons more in my heart and in books. Lesson plans often only write about one process, and the details are written in the book. In short, lesson preparation should be based on one's own reality and the convenience of teaching. When studying the teaching materials, Teacher Yu also likes to discuss with colleagues. Discussions with colleagues are very useful and sometimes make us suddenly enlightened. Problems that have puzzled you for a long time will often be solved by someone else's words. Listening to other people's lectures can also help you grasp the teaching materials. Even if you are unsuccessful, it will at least help you become familiar with the teaching materials. Many of Teacher Yu’s teaching methods were thought up while listening to other people’s classes. So how does Teacher Yu achieve "explicit lesson preparation" and "implicit lesson preparation" in his usual lesson preparation? When teaching a text in the eighth volume of the primary school Chinese textbook called "Full Concentration", Teacher Yu was moved by Rodin's spirit of concentration. After he read it twice more, the teaching idea came into being: he planned to start with the two sentences said by the Austrian writer Zweig at the end of the article: "What I learned that afternoon in Rodin's studio was better than what I learned in Rodin's studio over the years." I learned even more in school. From that time on, I learned that if all human work is worth doing and it needs to be done well, students will do it with all their heart." Students may ask who Zweig is. , someone may also ask who Rodin is, and then ask Zweig what he saw that day and why he made the above remarks. In this way, Teacher Yu took advantage of the situation to guide students to read and comprehend. The answer is found, which proves that the students have an overall understanding of the text. Then read the text carefully, taste the key words, feel the charm of the text, and feel Rodin's full attention. Finally, it was decided to let students write about their feelings. The lesson preparation time for this lesson is only one hour. The lesson plan is very simple, just a process. I focus on key words, how to guide reading aloud, and the "famous quotes" I wrote after reading. Although the lesson plan has been written, he is quite satisfied with it. But after Teacher Yu finished speaking, he did not leave it at that. Instead, he searched for information about Zweigrodin. Although these things may not be used in class, it is necessary for teachers to understand them. This is Teacher Yu’s idea of ????preparing lessons, so how does Teacher Yu write reflections? Post-teaching is what we call reflection. Teacher Yu is sometimes very excited after giving a lecture and quickly remembers the exciting points, that is, the points of success. Sometimes there are regrets. In the process of memorizing, his own understanding is often sublimated. Negative things will also become positive.

So Teacher Yu said: Reflect on it and write it down! In this way, successes and mistakes are both gains. It can be said that writing teaching reflections is actually a summary of one's own lesson preparation and implementation, just as Teacher Yu himself said: Those who write three-year teaching plans seriously may not necessarily become excellent teachers, but those who seriously write three-year teaching reflections will definitely become A thoughtful teacher might even become an expert! Let us all become thoughtful teachers, like Teacher Yu, a teacher who is liked by students, praised by parents, and recognized by society!