Does anyone know the specific history of Baekje King?

Baekje, also known as Nanfuyu, was a country in the southwest of the ancient Korean Peninsula (18-660 BC). In North Korea, Baekje, Koguryo and Silla are called the Three Kingdoms.

Baekje, the third son of Zhu Meng, the founder of Koguryo, was founded on the south bank of the Han River (now Henan, Korea) in 18 BC. In its heyday, Baekje covered most of western Korea (except North Pyongan Road and South Pyongan Road). I have been to Pyongyang, as far north as possible. Baekje is a powerful maritime country, which conducts political and trade exchanges with China and Japan by sea.

In 660 AD, Baekje was destroyed by the allied forces of Silla and Tang Dynasty.

Baekje has fertile land, mild climate, superior water conservancy conditions and developed agriculture. Handicraft industries such as sericulture and textile have also developed. Foreign trade is relatively developed, not only with Koguryo and Silla, but also with China Southern Dynasties and Japanese merchants across the sea. Baekje used Chinese characters and established a Confucian education system in the 4th century. Some Confucian scholars were awarded doctorates. In 384, Buddhism was introduced into Baekje from the Southern Dynasties. In 54 1 year, Baekje invited Liang Wudi to "invite Dr. Nirvana and Dr. Shi Mao to be craftsmen and painters", which shows that Baekje has close cultural ties with the Southern Dynasties.

[Edit this paragraph] History

Build a country

According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, in 18 BC, King Wenzuo, the son of Zhu Meng, led a group of Koguryo people south to the Han River basin to establish the Baekje country. (The History of the Three Kingdoms, Volume 23, The Biography of Baekje, "Wen Zuo Wei is the capital of Wei 'an City, with ten ministers as the auxiliary wings and the title of Ten Economies ... * * * The main body belongs to the consolation ceremony. Since then, the people have been happy and renamed Baekje. " Zhu Meng fled Fuyu because of persecution, came to the area where he died, married Zhao Xinu, the daughter of local leader Yan Tuobo, and established the Koguryo Kingdom. When Zhu Meng's son, born in Fuyu, arrived in Koguryo, he found his biological father and became the Crown Prince, the future glass king. And Zhao Xinnu's two sons, Boiling Stream and, realized that after Wang succeeded to the throne, they would not be able to stand in Koguryo. So the two brothers decided to leave Koguryo and follow their followers south.

Following the advice of his followers, Wen Zuo built a city in Yuli City (now Henan City, South Korea) and established the title of "Ten Economies". However, Boiling Flow ignored this suggestion and thought it was better to live by the sea. Suddenly, a city was built in Mizhou (now Incheon Metropolitan City, South Korea). However, the salt water and swamp in Mizuho are unbearable for most people, while people in Willi City live a rich life. Boiling flow then went to David's Town and wanted to be the king of the top ten economies. Wen Zuo didn't agree. Therefore, the boiling stream fought against Wen Zuo, but lost to Wen Zuo. Because of shame, boiling suicide. The people of Mizuho moved to the Acropolis, and Wen Zuo happily accepted them and changed the name of the country to "Baekje".

Baekje, who lives in Weili City, is often harassed by Mahan because he is surrounded by Mahan. And their capital is constantly moving on both sides of the Han River. Up to now, there are still the ruins of Beihan Mountain City (near Cheongwadae) and Mengcun Tucheng (near Songpo District) on both sides of the Han River in Seoul. At that time, they called the two sides of Seoul today "Hebei" and "Henan". Today, Gyeonggi Province is still witnessing the past history in the name of Henan.

Around 10, Baekje annexed Mahan.

develop

During the reign of King Baekje Gul (234 -286), Baekje consolidated the state system. According to Japanese records, in 249, Baekje extended eastward to the Luodong River basin, adjacent to Kaduo. China's history books have turned Baekje into a country since 345. According to Japanese records, Baekje sent a diplomatic mission to Japan for the first time in 367.

During the reign of King Xiao Gu (346 -375), Baekje expanded its territory to the north through the war with Koguryo, and at the same time destroyed the remaining Mahan tribe to the south. During the period of King Xiao Gu, Baekje reached its peak, and its territory covered most of the western part of Korea (except North Pyongan Road and South Pyongan Road). 37 1 year, Baekje defeated Koguryo in Pyongyang. In the war, he killed the former king of Koguryo.

During this period, Baekje actively absorbed China culture and technology. In 384, Buddhism became the national religion of Baekje. At the same time, Baekje has also developed into a maritime power and developed good relations with Japan. China's Chinese characters, Buddhism, pottery-making techniques and other cultures were all introduced into Japan from Baekje during this period.

Jinxiong period

In the 5th century, Koguryo expanded to the south. Under the military threat of Koguryo, Baekje began to lose the northern land. In 475 AD, Koguryo occupied what is now Seoul. From 475 to 538, Baekje was forced to move its capital to Jinxiong (now Duke of Zhou).

Jinxiong is located in the mountainous area, so it can effectively resist the attack from Koguryo in the north. But it also cut off Baekje from the outside world. However, compared with the comfort city, Jinxiong is closer to Silla. Goguryeo's threat made Baekje and Silla establish a military alliance.

Most maps of the three countries of Korea depict Baekje's territory as including Chungcheong Road and Jeolla Road. This was the core area of Baekje during the Jin Xiong and Sibo periods. During this period, Baekje also had a site in the Bohai Rim region of China.

Ape period

In 538 AD, King Baekje moved his capital to Xi 'an (now Fuyu County) to re-consolidate the imperial power and rebuild the kingdom into a powerful political power. Since then, the name of the country has been changed to Nanfuyu (because Baekje regards Fuyu as their birthplace). With the development of Buddhism in Baekje, Baekje culture flourished in Class Four.

Due to the threat of Koguryo in the north and Silla in the east, Baekje King began to strengthen relations with China. As the new capital is located along the Jinjiang River, the communication between Baekje and China is also very convenient. In the 6th and 7th centuries, trade and diplomacy between Baekje and China flourished.

In the 7th century, Baekje began to decline as Silla's influence in the southern and central parts of the Korean Peninsula increased.

Be destroyed

In 660 AD, Tang and Silla jointly launched an attack on Baekje. Si Tong, the capital of Baekje, was finally occupied. Baekje was annexed by Silla. Baekje once the king and his son were exiled to China. A group of Baekje nobles fled to Japan.

After Baekje was destroyed, its adherents tried to establish Baekje. The former Baekje general, Fu Xin, made Baekje Prince Fu Yufeng king and asked the Japanese for help. Fu Yufeng returned to Baekje from Japan with 5000 troops.

In 663, the Baekje Allied Forces and the Tang Silla Allied Forces fought at sea, which was called "the Battle of Baijiangkou" in history. After the Fifth World War, the Baekje-Japanese allied forces were defeated. Fu Yufeng fled to Koguryo.

[Edit this paragraph] Culture

Baekje has incorporated many China cultures into its own culture and art. Buddhism has a strong influence on Baekje culture. Unlike Koguryo and Silla, the Buddha statues of Baekje always have a smile and a warm atmosphere. Baekje is also influenced by Taoism. 54 1 year, Nanliang sent technicians to Baekje to improve the culture of Baekje China.

Luxurious gold bronze incense burner unearthed from the ancient Buddhist temple in the Baekje King Cemetery in Fuyu County (? ) is regarded as the essence of Baekje culture and clearly shows the peak of Baekje's achievements. The creativity and Excellence of Baekje culture can be seen from the exquisite and elegant lotus shape on the top of the incense burner, the brilliant and beautiful brick pattern, the charm of smooth lines in pottery style and the smooth and elegant inscription calligraphy. The smiling face of the Buddha statue and the gorgeous but elegant Baekje pagoda show the connection between this creativity and Buddhism.

King Wuning's mausoleum was built in the form of mosaic brick tomb in China and influenced by imported goods from China, but it also included many traditional funerary objects of Baekje, such as gold crowns and gold earrings. The custom of sweeping graves also conforms to the unique tradition of Baekje. This mausoleum is considered as a representative mausoleum in the Jin Xiong era.

[Edit this paragraph] Diplomacy

Relations with China

In 372, Xiao Gu, the king of Baekje, paid tribute to the rulers. In 429, Baekje sent a mission to the Song Dynasty to seek culture and technology. In 472, King Baekje Gelu sent an envoy to the Northern Wei Dynasty to seek military assistance to Koguryo. King Baekje Wuning and King Ming Sheng sent many missions to Nanliang. King Wuning's mausoleum was built in the style of Nanliang Tomb.

Relations with Japan

Baekje has always maintained good relations with Japan. China's Chinese characters, Buddhism, pottery-making techniques and other cultures were introduced into Japan through Baekje. At the same time, Baekje received materials and military assistance from Japan. A large number of Japanese royal families and scholars came to Baekje for educational and cultural exchanges. Examples include two wonders designed and built by Baekje immigrants in Nara (a city named after Baekje's "kingdom" by some scholars), the pagoda and the wooden temple Horyuji. It is generally acknowledged that many Baekje royal family and noble members intermarry with the Japanese royal family, and even the present Emperor Akihito admits this fact. According to the Japanese History, Emperor Kanmu's mother, Mariko Takano, is a direct descendant of King Wuning, while Emperor Akihito is a descendant of Emperor Kanmu. The most famous scholars are Qi Zhi and Wang Ren.