Is Italian or Russian common?

◆ Italian is the official language of Italy, San Marino and the Swiss Confederation (there are four official languages). The West Romance family belonging to the Romance family of Indo-European languages (French, Spanish and Portuguese also belong to the West Romance family).

Italian is closer to primitive Latin than any other Romance language. However, its dialects are so different that communication becomes a problem.

Modern Italian is essentially a Tuscan dialect. Since 1870, Roman dialect has achieved considerable status, but it is still not as good as the reputation of Florence standard language.

Modern Italian has 2 1 letters and 5 loanwords, namely:

2 1 letter: aa bb cc DD ee ff gg hh ii ll mm nn oo PP QQ RR ss TT UU vvzz.

5 foreign letters: Jj Kk Ww Xx Yy

Italian is a language with rich morphological changes, and six of the nine parts of speech have morphological changes. Italian grammar is very complicated. Without a certain knowledge of grammar, it is difficult to practice the language. But as long as you lay a good foundation and learn verb conjugation well, you will be self-taught

Italian * * * has seven forms, and each form has many tenses, which add up to 22 tenses, most of which have six names. Nouns are divided into yin and yang, the feminine suffix A and the masculine suffix O (with a few exceptions). There are singular and plural changes, and the articles and adjectives that modify nouns should be consistent with the number of nouns, so Italian sentences are full of changes.

Milan University, founded in 1923, is one of the largest universities in Italy. Milan is located in the capital of lombardia in northern Italy, the second largest city in Italy, the political, economic and cultural center of northern Italy, and is famous for its industry, commerce and finance.

◆ Russian (русскийязык) is one of the six official languages of the United Nations and the official language of the Russian Federation. It is one of the official languages of ethnic minorities recognized by People's Republic of China (PRC). It belongs to the eastern branch of Slavic language family in Indo-European language family (Slavic language family has 3 branches; East branch-Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian; West branch-Polish, Czech, Slovak, Kashubia and Lu satya (also known as German or Sorbian); Southern branch-Serbian-Croatian, Slovenian, Macedonian, Bulgarian).

Russian has joined 14 countries in the former Soviet Union (except Russia). Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan all have their own languages, and Russian is the official language. The official languages of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Ukraine, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Moldova and other countries are not Russian, but they all know and speak Russian! Russian is used in parts of northern Europe near Russia, most of the former Soviet immigrants in Israel, Russian immigrant communities in North America, China, Xinjiang and parts of Inner Mongolia!

Russian uses the kirill alphabet, and * * * has 33 letters. There is a difference between printing and handwriting. There are vowels and consonants. The printing of some letters is quite different from handwriting. Consonants are divided into unvoiced consonants (vocal cords do not vibrate) and voiced consonants (vocal cords vibrate). In addition, Russian consonants can also be divided into soft consonants and hard consonants, and their pronunciation actions are basically the same. The main difference is that when making soft consonants, the middle of the tongue needs to be raised to the upper jaw.

Аа Бб Вв Гг Дд Ее Ёё Жж

Зз Ии Йй Кк Лл Мм Нн Оо

Пп Рр Сс Тт Уу Фф Хх Цц

Чч Шш Щщ ъ ы ь Ээ Юю Яя

There are two main regional dialects in modern Russian: South Russian and North Russian.

The main phonetic features of South Russian are: а phoneme, that is, vowel о is pronounced in unstressed syllables; The consonant г is pronounced as a fricative sound (that is, a voiced sound opposite to х); This verb is soft in the third person suffix т-тъ in the present tense. Russian used by the Russian ethnic group in China belongs to the southern dialect.

The main phonetic features of North Russian are: о phoneme, that is, vowel о is still pronounced in unstressed syllables; The consonant г is pronounced as a voiced stop; The verb ending in the third person-т in the present tense is hard.

There is no essential difference between the two dialects, and the whole country uses Moscow standard pronunciation!

(1) Russian words are divided into 10 categories:

There are morphological changes:

Noun: комната (room)

Adjective: большой (big)

Numbers: один (1), первый (first)

Pronouns: он (he), это (this)

Verb: слушат (Listen)

No morphological changes

Adverb: хорошо (good)

Prefix: на (on ...)

Conjunction: и (and)

Modal particle: да (Yes)

Interjection: ах (oops)

(2) Nouns and adjectives have singular and plural cases: nominative case (1 case), object case (4 cases), dative case (3 cases), possessive case (2 cases), instrumental case (5 cases) and locative case (6 cases, prepositional case).

③ Sex is divided into three types: Yang, Yin and Zhong, regardless of the plural.

(4) There are two numbers, a simple number and a complex number, each with its own laws.

⑤ The numbers after 3 are asexual and numerical.

⑥ Adjectives are divided into qualitative adjectives and relational adjectives. Attribute adjectives are divided into long-tailed and short-tailed forms and three grades: original, comparative and superlative.

⑦ Verbs include form, tense, person and aspect. Clause, imperative sentence and conditional sentence. Divide the present tense, past tense and future tense. The forms of singular past tense verbs are divided into masculine, feminine and neuter. The body is divided into perfect body and unfinished body. The perfect aspect indicates the action that has been completed or will be completed; Imperfect objects represent continuous movements. These two bodies have different infinitives. Verbs can form adverbial verbs and adverbial verbs through suffix changes.

The word order of sentences is very flexible, and the emphasized elements often appear at the beginning of sentences.

Moscow University is located in Moscow, the largest city in Europe and the capital of Russia, with a long history and beautiful scenery.

Moscow State University has a unique federal legal and administrative status in Russia. It is the largest teaching, scientific research and cultural center in Russia and a world-famous institution of higher learning!

Full name: lomonosov Moscow State University.

Lomonosov, a great Russian mathematician, physicist, linguist and philosopher, was initiated and founded in 1755. 1953 In September, a new school building was built on Lenin Mountain in the southwest of Moscow. The 32-story main building, including the 55-meter steeple, is 240 meters high and has a five-pointed star sign at the top; 18 floor, two sides of the annex building, each equipped with a clock with a diameter of 9 meters.

World famous university St. Petersburg University. Former Russian President Vladimir Putin graduated from the school's law department. St. Petersburg State University is located on the north bank of Neva River, corresponding to the Winter Palace. Founded in 1724, it is one of the earliest universities in Russia, 32 years earlier than Moscow University. It is a famous comprehensive university and one of the educational, scientific and cultural centers in Russia. St Petersburg is the political, economic and cultural center of Russia after Moscow, and also the central city of northwest Russia, also known as the "capital of the north".

★ Which language to learn depends on your personal interests and feelings about the language! Another point is to look at the application of this language, which is the future market!

Personally, I feel that there is still a big market for Russian, and Russia's education level is one of the best in the world. His education is recognized all over the world. With the increasing trade between China and Russia, Russian trade talents are urgently needed. In addition, the borderless passage of Russian in Eastern Europe and Central Asia will bring a lot of convenience to future work!

Italian, small languages, few paragraphs, general prospects. Besides opera and fashion, its application is very common. Similarly, it is better to learn Spanish, which is the lingua franca of the United States, Central America and the Caribbean. Unfortunately, Spanish has spread to our country!

Also, Italian and Russian are both difficult languages to master, and the grammar is complicated. There are widely used big vibrato letters (Italian R, Russian P) in words, so beginners should master them as soon as possible!

I wish you a happy life abroad!