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Introduction to the descendants of the Huaxu family and their traces

Before the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors, Pangu created the world, and the Huaxu family was the descendant of the tribal leader in the Pangu era. The following is an introduction to the descendants of the Huaxu family and their traces that I have carefully compiled for you. I hope you like it.

The descendants of the Huaxu family and their traces

Generally speaking, Huaxu, Youchao, Suiren, etc. can all be collectively referred to as the descendants of the tribal leaders in the mythical Pangu era. . The legendary figures after Huaxu can be generally called the descendants of Huaxu (several generations of Huaxu clan) and Suiren clan. For example, "Yixi Ci Biography" ranks He Xu eight or nine generations behind Hua Xu, saying that she has at least ten generations of descendants. "Taiping Yulan" quoted "Dunjia Kaishan Picture" as follows: The Nuwa clan died and the Da Ting clan became king. Next, there are the Baihuang family, the Zhongzhong family, the Sulu family, the Lilian family, the Hexu family, the Zunlu family, the Zhurong family, the Chaos family, the Haoying family, the Youchao family (descendants), the Getian family, the Yinkang family, The Zhu Xiang family was fifteen generations old. Attack the number of Bao Xi. ?Indicates that they are all descendants of the Fuxi family, that is, the descendants of the Huaxu family. Documents record that Hua Xu's children Fuxi and Nuwa gave birth to sons Shaodian and Youchongqiao, and Shaodian had Chongqiao and fathered Emperor Yan and Emperor Huang. The generations of descendants of Yan and Huang can all be said to be descendants of Hua Xu. The surnames formed by their descendants are: Huaxu, Fuxi (Xi), Fu, Xi, Mi, Pao, Pao, Fenghu, Zhuanyu, Zhuan, Yu, Hao, Wei, Kui, Wo, Ru, Nu, Su, Su, Sui, Bai, Baihou, Bochang, Baichang, Baicheng, Bocheng, Hao, Haogu, Sheng, Xu, Xuju, Xubu, Dongfang, Dong, Dongmeng, Zhongying (emperor), Wu , Wujiang, Wucha, Wuhuai, Wuyi, Wushi, Chenfeng (front), Yi (secret), Fubang, Fuhan, Fukan, Ering, Hao, Zun, Xiao, Jian, Yuuyu, Qian, Yu, Qianlong, Yuan, Xi, Sulijin, Suqin, Susha and Susha, together with the surnames of the descendants above, total more than 80 surnames. And because the ancestors of the five major ethnic groups in ancient times all came from the descendants of the Huaxu family, the Chinese nation today respects her as their ancestor.

1. Huaxu and Xu surnames

His name or nickname was Huaxu, and later the surnames "Huaxu" and "Xu" were formed. Huaxu is a rare compound surname in history. "A Survey of Surnames" says: "Take the country as your surname." "Road History": Fuxi's mother country. In Khotan (now part of Chongqing)? The "Historical Records" Supplement to the Chronicles of the Three Emperors says: "The mother of Taihao Pao Xi's family was Hua Xu. She followed the great master's footsteps in Leize and gave birth to Pao Xi in Chengji." "The Dictionary of Surnames" quotes "Taiping Huanyu Ji" as saying: "There is Huaxu Mausoleum in Lantian County, Shaanxi Province." ?Xu surname. It originated from the two families of Huaxu and Hexu. "Tongzhi Clan Brief" says: The Huaxu family is said to be Taihao's mother's surname, and most of her descendants use the Chinese character "Xuxu" (mostly in the Western Zhou Dynasty). During the Spring and Autumn Period, the Jin official named Xu Chen was appointed Sikong, after Hua Xu. His son took "Xu" as his surname and called him "Xu Jia". Jia's son Xu Kai and Kai's son Xu Tong both took up their posts as officials of the Jin state. We believe that the origin of the Xu surname is "Xu" from the Hua Xu family, not Xu Chen. In addition, the Hexu family, a descendant of the Hua Xu family, also had the surname "Xu". ?At present, there is Xu Ding, a native of Fanzhi (now part of Shanxi), who has the same official title as Zhang Shi, and is granted the title of Duke of Wu. He has repeatedly cited frontier affairs, and is relied upon by both the government and the public. Among those with outstanding political achievements, Xu Ding was the first to be named. In the Ming Dynasty, there was Xu Bizhang, a native of Changde. He was an official and supervisory censor, and he did not avoid the powerful in impeachment. He was known as the "true censor". In addition, there are Chinese surnames and Hua surnames. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was Hua Xin, who was the minister of law. Hua Tuo, a miracle doctor, was from Qiaojun (now a native of Bozhou, Anhui). In modern times, there are mathematician Hua Luogeng and former party and state leader Hua Guofeng. There were Hua Qian in the Han Dynasty, Hua Jingding in the Tang Dynasty, Huayun, Hua Ning, Hua Runsheng, etc. in the Ming Dynasty. The Han, Zhuang, Buyi and Lisu ethnic groups all have the surname Hua.

2. The compound surnames of He and Hexu

"The surname Jin" contains the surname He. "Lu Shi" says: After the Hexu family. "The Origin of Surnames" has Heshi. "Customs" says: After the ancient emperor Hexu, there were Heshi and Hexu. "Qianjia Surnames" says: Shuofang (now the Hangjin tribe in Inner Mongolia) tribe. In the Ming Dynasty, many people in Suide (now part of Shaanxi Province) respected virtue.

Herx. "Surname Jin" has this surname. "Lu Shi" says: After the ancient emperor Hexu. This is included in "Customs" and "The Source of Surnames". The surname of Helianbobo, king of Daxia in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, may have evolved from Hexu. Descendants of Helian also have single-sex Hexagons.

3. The surname formed by the Zun Lu family

Luo Mi of the Southern Song Dynasty, "Lu Shi Zen Tong Ji" says: "The Zun Lu family is the fifth generation of the Lu family." ?The leader of this clan has inherited the name from generation to generation and is the son of Fuxi and Nuwa (that is, his clan is derived from the tribes of the two). Zunlu was once a minister (manager) of the Fuxi tribe. He was called the Lu family and later formed a surname. "Surname Jin" contains honorable surnames. "Surname Kao" says: After respecting the Lu family. "The Source of Surnames" contains Takashi. "Customs and Customs" says: Zunshi, after the princes of Taihao's time respected the Lu family. It can be seen that the mausoleum of Zun Lu in Lantian today is the mausoleum of his descendants. This mausoleum, like the Huaxu family mausoleum, could only have been built at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period or the beginning of the Warring States Period. According to documentary records, the Northern Wei Dynasty has noticed the "former residence of the three emperors" in Lantian, so the activities of worshiping Huaxu Mausoleum and Zunlu's mausoleum should be relatively early. According to the memory of Zhang Weitang, an old man who lives in Zhanghe Village, Huaxu Town, Lantian, in the early days of the Republic of China, many dignitaries and celebrities in the cultural circles often went to Huaxu Mausoleum to offer sacrifices. ?Afterwards, as the warlords fought, sacrificial activities gradually faded, and large-scale sacrificial rituals disappeared.

The theory of Huaxu’s hometown and mausoleum

1. The theory of being born in the country of Huaxu

The chapter of "Liezi Huangdi" says: "Huaxu" The country of Shi is located to the west of Yanzhou and north of Taizhou. I don’t know how many millions of miles away from Qi (China), it is beyond the reach of a boat or a chariot. The country has no commanders (teachers), it's just natural; its people have no desires, it's just natural. It doesn’t know how to enjoy life, it doesn’t know how to hate death, so it has no premature death; it doesn’t know how to love oneself, and it doesn’t know how to alienate things, so it has no love and hate; it doesn’t know how to be disobedient, and it doesn’t know how to obey, so it has no benefit or harm. No one cherishes anything, no one fears anything. There is no drowning in water, no heat in fire, no pain when cutting a stick, no itching when using fingers, walking in the air as if walking on solid ground, sleeping as empty as a bed, clouds and fog do not hinder one's vision, thunder does not disturb one's hearing, good and evil The heart does not slide, the steps do not stagger in the valley, it is just the way of God. ?(Zhuangzi? Horseshoe) Chapter says: ?At the time of the Hexu clan, the people did not know what to do in their houses, and they did not know where to go when walking. ?He is the pronunciation of Hua. It is said that Hexu is another name for Huaxu. This free and equal country of Huaxu (should be a clan tribe) is a true reflection of the matrilineal clan society. There are many theories about the location of Yanzhou (name of state, name of mountain) and Taizhou, so there are also 12 theories about the "Land of Huaxu".

(1) Today's Zhangqiu County, Shandong Province

Taizhou, "Zuo Zhuan? The 25th Year of Xianggong" and "The 14th Year of Aigong" are both said to be in Qidi (today's Boshan County, Shandong). Tai was the same as Tai and Ti. "Zuo Zhuan? The Sixth Year of Aigong" says: Tai was in Zhangqiu County, Shandong Province today. "Unification of the Qing Dynasty" records: There is the tomb of Hexu in the ancient city of Xichaoyang in Zhangqiu County. ?Since Hua Xu’s tomb is here, then the Hua Xu Kingdom (i.e. tribe) is also in Zhangqiu County, Shandong Province today, and Hua Xu was naturally born here.

(2) Theory of Fenshui Basin in present-day Shanxi

"Zuo Zhuan, Year of Zhaogong" says: "Fen River", "Tai Ni Fen God". ?The writing stage of "Lunheng". "Lu Shi? Later Ji IV" calls Motai and Motai, that is, Tai Ni. Today, Houma City in the Fenshui Basin of Shanxi Province has Ti Temple, and other counties and cities also have their own Tai and Ni place names. Therefore, some scholars believe that the "country of Hua Xu" is in the south of Shanxi, and Hua Xu was born here.

(3) Between present-day Xinzheng and Xinmi City in Henan Province

"Shiyiji" records: Fuxi's capital country has the continent of Huaxu. Because there was the Huayang Kingdom (the country of Hua Xu) between Xinmi City and Xinzheng City in Henan Province in ancient times, some scholars believe that Hua Xu was born here.

(4) The theory of Xianyang and Baoji City in present-day Shaanxi Province

"Historical Records of the Five Emperors" says: "Feng was abandoned in Tai." "Zhengyi" quotes "Kuo Di Zhi" as saying: "So Yancheng is called Wugong City, located 22 miles southwest of Wugong County, Yongzhou, and was a seal of Houji in the ancient Tai Kingdom." ?Taicheng is located in today's Yangling District, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province. Some scholars believe that the ancient Huaxu Kingdom was here and was born here. Another theory is that Hua Xu was born in Tiantai Mountain south of Baoji City, Shaanxi Province today.

(5) Today’s Xihe County, Gansu Province

Dangzhou is located in the area of ??Kuangji Mountain. "The Classic of Mountains and Seas" says: "Birds and mice share the same cave mountain", "three hundred and sixty miles to the southwest, it is called the mountain of Kuangji." ?Bi Yuan's note: The word ?is regarded as Yanzi. ?Explanation from the newly compiled "Ciyuan": ?妦嫫, the name of the mountain, is located in the west of Tianshui County, Gansu Province. Ancient mythology says it is the place where the sun enters. ?Mr. Zhao Kuifu’s research: Kuangji Mountain is located in the Jizhong Mountain to the north of present-day Xihe County. Therefore, some scholars believe that the country of Hua Xu was in the present-day Xihe County, and Hua Xu was born here.

(6) Said by Qinghai Lake in present-day Qinghai Province

Qu Yuan's "Li Sao Yuan Yu" says: "If the road is not round, turn left and point to the West Sea." ?Wang Yi's note: ?Buzhou, the name of the mountain, is in the northwest of Kunlun. "The Classic of Mountains and Seas - Great Wilderness Western Classic" says: "Beyond the northwest sea, in the corner of the Great Wilderness, there are mountains that do not meet each other, which is called Buzhou." Mr. Zhao Kuifu said: As for the prototype of Buzhou Mountain in myths and legends during the Warring States Period, it should refer to the mountains on both sides of Dangjin Mountain Pass (the main peak of Altun Mountain and Danghenan Mountain) at the western end of Qilian Mountain and south of Dunhuang County, Gansu Province today. "West Sea" generally refers to the lakes west of Gansu. Some scholars think it is Qinghai Lake. So he said: "Out in the northwest sea, there is a country of Huaxu." This is a paradise on earth, inhabited by some demigods. The Huaxu clan was in this area, so it was natural that they were born here.

(7) The theory of the Chengdu Basin in present-day Sichuan

Hu Taiyu's "Deciphering (The Classic of Mountains and Seas)" says: "The country of Huaxu" described in "Liezi Huangdi" is just like... The wilderness of Miyako is generally a paradise on earth. ?We believe that the Kingdom of Huaxu is the ancient Kingdom of Abundance. ?Thus, the Huaxu clan’s residence is in today’s Chengdu Basin.

(8) Today’s Linhai County in Zhejiang Province

"Cihai" says: In the fifth year of Wude in the Tang Dynasty (AD 622), Haizhou was renamed Taizhou, named after Tiantai Mountain in the north. The administrative seat is near the sea. ?So it is said that Huaxu Kingdom was located in Linhai County, Zhejiang Province, that is, Huaxu was born here.

(9) Today’s Taicang and Taihu Lake in Jiangsu Province

"Cihai" says: "Yanshan Mountain, the name of an ancient country." It was built by King Shizhen of the Ming Dynasty in his hometown of Taicang Prefecture (now Taicang, Jiangsu Province). Because it covers an area of ??more than 70 acres and has two peaks in the middle, named Shangdang, Zhongdang and Xiadang, it is the most beautiful place among gardens and pavilions. Therefore, Yanshan Mountain is another name for Taicang. ?There is a theory that Huaxu was born in Taicang County. It is said that there was Huaxu Mountain in the Taihu Lake area in ancient times, so there is a theory that Huaxu was born here.

2. The theory of being born in Lei Ze

"Cihai" says: "Leize" is the name of Guze, which is "Leixia". A thunder water. In present-day Yongjinan, Shanxi. It originates from Leishou Mountain and flows into the Yellow River in the south.

According to legend, the place where "Shun Yu Lei Ze" was located is actually because the water has the name of "Thunder", which is related to the ancient name of the county. The place of governance is now northeast of Heze, Shandong. Named after Lei Xiaze. It was established in the 16th year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign in the Sui Dynasty (596 AD), and was abolished in Juancheng County in the second year of Jin Zhenyuan's reign (1154 AD). ?Due to different understandings of Lei Ze's geographical location, there are many theories about the birthplace of the Huaxu family.

(1) The places involved in Lei Ze

Huangfu Mi of the Jin Dynasty said in "Century of Emperors": "In the era of Sui people, there were traces of giants coming out of Lei Ze, and Hua Xu was enough." Follow it. "Shiwei Han Shenwu" says: "The great man left Lei Ze, and Hua Xulu was born and died." "Huainanzi Terrain Training" says: "There is a god in Leize, with a dragon body and a human head, and its belly is bulging and prosperous." ?"Historical Records? The Chronicles of the Five Emperors" and "Zhengyi" quoted from "The Classic of Mountains and Seas": "Drumming its belly will cause thunder." "Shang Shu Yu Gong" says: "Lei Xia Jize". ?Note from "Zhou Rites": ?Leize was in Chengyang. "Hanshu Geography" says: "Jiyin County is in Chengyang, and Leize is in the north." ?That is, Leize is in Juancheng County, north of today's Heze City, Shandong Province, and Chengyang is in the west of today's Juancheng County. In ancient times, the Leize water area was vast, covering today's Juancheng, Shandong, Fanxian, and Puyang, Henan. Therefore, it is said that the hometown of Huaxu was located in these three counties. Because Yongji in Shanxi has the name of Leize and water, it is also said that Huaxu’s hometown is in Yongji.

(2) What Lei Ze said about Wu Xi

"The Classic of Mountains and Seas - Hai Nei Dong Jing" says: "There is a god of thunder in Lei Ze, with a dragon body and a human head, and when he bulges his belly, thunder comes." West. "Wu Xi" generally refers to the west of the capital of the Wu Kingdom (in today's Suzhou, Jiangsu Province), so some people think that Huaxu's hometown is west of Suzhou. One said it was in Taihu Lake.

Mr. Ke Yang suggested that Lei Ze may refer to the nickname of Qiu Chi (also written as Qiu Yi) Mountain. Mr. Ma Shizhi based his research on this: Yue Mountain in the west of Chencang District, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province is also called Wu Mountain, and Qiuchi Mountain (today's Xihe County, Gansu Province) is in its west, which is consistent with the theory of "The Classic of Mountains and Seas". "Qiu Chi Ji" says: "Qiu Chi is a hundred hectares, with a circumference of nine thousand and forty steps. The sky is in four directions, and the walls stand thousands of feet high." ?A large lake of one hundred hectares is naturally a large swamp. So there is a saying that Huaxu Kingdom is here.

(3) Lei Ze's remarks in Sichuan

Some scholars said: "It is related to the fossilized dinosaur footprints discovered in Pengshan County, Sichuan," and "the great traces of Hua Xulu" , are exactly dinosaur footprints? "Leize" is "Huaze", and "Huaxu Kingdom" is the ancient Kingdom of Abundance. ?There was a big lake in Sichuan, maybe it was Huaze? ?Sichuan (including Hanzhong) is called Huayang, and there is Huashan in the middle, indicating that Huaze is also in the middle. Therefore, Hua Xu was born in Sichuan.

3. The theory of being born in Jiuhe

"Shiyiji" records that Fu Xi said: Huaxu, the goddess of Jiuhe, is the one who gave birth to the rest of her life. "Cihai" says: "Shu Yugong" records that after the Yellow River reached the Hebei Plain, it spread northward and became the Jiuhe River. According to "Erya Shishui", it is said that it was Tuhai, Taishi, Majia and Fufu. The nine rivers including Husu, Jian, Ji, Goupan and Lijin cannot be identified accurately today. Many people in recent times believe that Jiuhe is not necessarily Jiuhe, but a general name for many tribes in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. ? Its region is said to be in the southeast of present-day Hebei Province, and in another theory it is located in the northeast, east, west, and west of present-day Shandong Province. We think it is more accurate to say later. Because the section of the Yellow River that bends and flows northeast is the Yellow River from Acheng, Shandong to Kenli County, the tributaries of the Yellow River in this area are still called Tuhai River. From the perspective of prehistoric society, it can be understood that the Huaxu tribe consists of nine clans.

4. The theory of being born on the Huaxu Island

Wang Jia of the Jin Dynasty's "Shi Yi Ji" says: "The country where Paoxi is the capital has the Huaxu Island." The goddess was swimming on it, and a green rainbow surrounded the goddess. After a long time, it disappeared, and she felt pregnant. After twelve years, she gave birth to a sacrifice. ?

(1) The present place of Huaxu Island

There is the theory of ancient Huazhu (now known as Huanggou) in the northeast of Sishui County, Shandong Province; Speaking between secret and Xinzheng City; the saying of Qiuchi Mountain in Xihe County, Gansu; the saying of today's Qinghai Lake; there is the saying of the Lakes of Sichuan Basin, etc., not much to narrate.

(2) Huaxu’s Zhu in Lantian is more accurate and credible

Wu Chengquan’s "Gangjian Yizhilu" of the Qing Dynasty says: Taihao’s mother lived in Huaxu In Zizhu (now Lantian, Shaanxi), the emperor was born in Chengji (now Qin'an County, Gansu). ?Song Minqiu's "Chang'an Zhi" quoted the Later Wei Dynasty's "Fengtu Ji" as saying: "There is Zunlu's Tomb in the west, and Nuwa's Valley in the north. We know that this place is the former residence of the three emperors." Luo Tianxiang of the Yuan Dynasty quoted "San Qin Ji" from "Leibian Chang'an Zhi" as saying: "There is the Temple of the Three Emperors on the top of Lishan Mountain. If you go there without fasting, you will be lost in the wind and rain, and it will be called the Temple of the Ancestors of the People." "Taiping Huanyu Ji" Volume 26 "Lantian County" contains the same information as "Feng Tu Ji" of the Later Wei Dynasty. It is also said: "The former residence of the three emperors of Lantian Wei has Huaxu Mausoleum in its territory." ?"Shaanxi General Chronicles" says: ?The Three Emperors Temple is located thirty miles north of Lantian County and worships the Huaxu family, Fuxi family and Nuwa family. The Gai Fuxi family and the Nuwa family were all descended from the Huaxu family, so they were worshiped in their hometown. ?The records in "Xi'an Prefecture Chronicles" are the same. "Lantian County Chronicle" records: There is Huaxu Mausoleum in Lantian County, which is called the former residence of the three emperors. ?The mausoleum is located in Mengyan Village, north of today's Huaxu Town. There is also Huaxu Valley to the west of the village, and beyond Huaxu Valley is Songjia Village (formerly known as Songjia Ge), which is very consistent with Huaxuzhu (the place where the Huaxu family and their children live). There is a local legend that this is the place where Hua Xu rested after becoming pregnant. ?There is an ancient temple in the southern plateau of Songjiacun called "Sanhuang Temple". There used to be inscriptions on stone tablets; It is similar to the records in "Song Shu Fu Ruizhi". ?There is Wa's Village in the lower reaches of the Red River in Huaxu Town today. The Red River is called Nuwa Valley in history books. The original name of Lihua Village on Bailuyuan was Nuwa Village.

There is a village called Shiqizhai near Mengyan Village. Most of the villagers believe that they are descendants of members of the ancient sacrificial honor guard. ?

5. The theory that Hua Xu was born in Huachi

He Guangyue's "Yanhuang Origin History" comprehensively analyzed many documentary records and said: The Hua Xu family also originated in the eastern part of Gansu in the west. Huachi area. He also said: "Since Yanzhou is in the west," the Huaxu clan's country in Yanzhou should be in Huating County (today's Huachi County) east of Tianshui, Gansu. "Yuanhe County Chronicles" says: "Huachi County is named after the water in Xihuachi in the county." ?The county seat is in Huachi Town, 120 miles northeast of present-day Heshui County, Gansu Province. Volume 201 of "The Unification of the Qing Dynasty" contains Pingliang Prefecture; Hualing Mountain is located fifty miles east of Huating County, and there are many birch trees on the mountain; Huajian Mountain is two miles northwest of Huating County, and the county is located at the foot of the mountain. ?There is Huating River next to the county, where Huating County was established in the Sui Dynasty. That is, the hometown of the Huaxu family is in Huachi County, Qingyang City, Gansu Province today. ?These places named Hualing Mountain, Huajian Mountain, Huatingchuan, and Huating County were named because the Huaxu family once lived here. The Huaxu clan uses birch as their social tree, so there are many birches in Hualing, which is a symbol of the settlement of the Huaxu tribe. There is a flower slope ten miles east of Qingyang County in the southwest of Huachi, with many flowers and trees. There is also Huacunyuan 60 miles west of the county, which produces peonies and peonies. The Huaxu family is named after the flower as its totem. ?It can be seen that after the Huaxu clan developed and expanded, it has been distributed in most areas of Qingyang.

Some of the above "birthplaces" are the birthplaces of Huaxu's predecessors or descendants, and some are the places where his branches and clans moved or the birthplaces of clan leaders (who inherited the name of Huaxu). The situation is relatively complicated. There are traces of the Huaxu family who gave birth to Fuxi and Nuwa, and can also be discussed as the first grandmother of our Chinese nation. After analyzing various theories, we agree with the theory that Huaxu's hometown is Mengyan Village, Huaxu Town, Lantian County, Shaanxi Province, and he was buried here after his death. Because the records here are relatively detailed and reliable.