What fish has a long life and is easy to take care of?

Koi fish scientific name: koi fish belongs to CYPRINIDAE, which is the largest family of all fishes, with more than 1400 species. Koi fish is an advanced ornamental fish, which is very popular in today's world. It has the reputation of "a living gem in water" and "a work of art that can swim". Because it is easy to breed and feed, it has miscellaneous eating habits and generally does not require high water quality, so it is welcomed by people. Koi fish, which originated in Central Asia and was later introduced to China, was selected by the court technicians in ancient China according to the method of breeding goldfish and golden crucian carp. It was introduced to Japan in modern times and carried forward in Japan. Japan has cultivated many excellent varieties, so many koi fish are named after Japan. It is the national fish of Japan, and is known as "the living gem in water" and "the king of ornamental fish". Koi fish has a strong physique, bright colors, changeable patterns and beautiful swimming posture, which is of great ornamental and breeding value. Its body length can reach 1- 1.5m, and its life span is extremely long. Can live 60-70 years (according to legend, koi fish is 200 years old), which means good luck and is said to bring good luck to his master. It is a popular feng shui fish and ornamental pet. Koi fish is docile by nature, likes to live in groups, is easy to raise, and has strong adaptability to water temperature. It can survive in the water temperature environment of 5-30℃, and the growth water temperature is 2 1-27℃. Omnivorous koi fish is a large individual, with a body length of 1m and a weight of over 10kg. Sexual maturity is 2-3 years old. Long life, about 70 years on average. Laying eggs from April to May every year. [Edit this paragraph] The origin of koi fish The ancestor of koi fish is our common edible carp. Carp originated in Central Asia, then spread to China and developed in Japan. Koi fish has a history of 1000 years, with more than 1000 species. There is little difference in body shape among koi fish varieties, and they are mainly classified according to their body color and spot shape. It has red, white, yellow, blue, purple, black, gold, silver and other colors, and the patches on its body are almost identical. So why is koi fish more expensive than gold now? The reason is that because of economic support, how many provinces does Lan City have? However, it supports the value of all rare varieties on the market. However, with the economic downturn in Taiwan Province Province, Lanzhou City collapsed, leaving no room for resistance. On the most expensive day in history, Peng Peony dropped from 6 million/seedling to 654.38+ 10,000/pot. Then there are so many orchids in the world? Why not support it? So we can foresee the future of koi fish. He used to be a favored son of heaven and could only be raised by the court. Later, it inevitably became the consumer goods of the public. Once cheaper than gold, the dust must have settled in the end. Colorful koi fish During the period of Japanese civil administration (1804~ 1829), farmers screened and improved the mutated carp in 20 towns near the central area of Niigata Prefecture (now part of Xiaoqiangu City), and cultivated light with net markings such as light yellow. During the Tianbao period (1830), red and white carp with broken lines and white background were cultivated. In the sixth year of Dazheng (19 17), the real and primitive red and white carp was cultivated by Jingguang National Collection. Later, through the improvement of Takano Asakura and Hoshino Taro, the quality of red and white carp was greatly improved. Later, in the fifteenth year of Showa (1940), the strains of Youmen and Menjiro were cultivated in Youmen, Hoshino. In the 27th year of Showa (1952), Sato Wuping cultivated Wuping Taixi. In the 16th year of Showa (194 1), Hiroi Yuki cultivated the Miwu Zuo Wei family. However, these are still primitive species with very light red matter. At present, the most famous red-and-white fish and koi fish are Sakutaro in the 29th year of Showa (1954), Qiaotaro in Kawakami in the 35th year of Showa (1960) and Zhu Xian, Wanzang and Datian in the 45th year of Showa (1970). After years of cultivation and screening by Japanese farmers, koi fish has reached its peak, and koi fish has become Japan's national fish, and it has been promoted to all parts of the world as a goodwill ambassador through diplomatic and non-governmental exchanges. Every year from 10 to 12, koi fish fans from all over the world gather here to buy their favorite koi fish and pay tribute to the world-famous birthplace of "japanese koi". Koi fish, also known as the "God Fish" in Japan, symbolizes auspiciousness and happiness. The Japanese regard koi fish as a work of art and have the reputation of "living gem" in the water, and have cultivated valuable varieties with high ornamental value, such as Yellow Spot, Taisho Tricolor and Showa Tricolor. Carp can not only be eaten, but also be used in human medicine to treat diseases. It has the effects of invigorating spleen and regulating stomach, diuresis, eliminating edema, relieving cough and asthma, and promoting milk secretion. Meat can be used to treat portal cirrhosis, chronic nephritis, cough, asthma, puerperal hypogalactia, irregular menstruation or metrorrhagia. Blood can cure mouth and eye deviation; Bile can cure pinkeye and suppurative otitis media. Japanese often raise koi fish in their own yard. [Edit this paragraph] The development of koi fish China has also had the saying of "carp yue longmen" since ancient times, which means that people are successful in their official career. Guangdong, Hong Kong, Macao and other places believe in taking water as wealth, and raising carp in the courtyard or balcony has become a fashion. At least since the Tang Dynasty, there have been records of large-scale breeding of koi fish in ancient Chinese courts. It has a history of 1000 years, while goldfish and crucian carp have a history of 1400 years. Japanese koi imported China for the first time in 1938 (13th year of Showa), and Matsuoka in Tokyo gave the then puppet Manchukuo emperor a batch of rare koi fish, which was the first time that japanese koi exported overseas. In the same year, at the World Expo in San Francisco, the Japanese specially sent 100 koi fish to show at the meeting, thus publicly showing the beauty of japanese koi to the world for the first time. After the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC), 1973, Japanese Prime Minister tanaka kakuei presented a batch of koi fish as mascots to Premier Zhou Enlai, and koi fish was handed over to Beijing Hua Mu Company for breeding. The breeding date of Japanese koi fish is about 100-200 years. Breeding koi fish can not only nourish emotions and beautify the environment, but also help you preserve and increase the value of promising small and medium-sized koi fish. The price is low, as long as you have the right appreciation and breeding methods. After training, if you can win an award at the judging meeting, your status will be doubled, which will not only let you enjoy the fun of breeding and appreciation, but also preserve and increase the value. With the continuous improvement of koi fish's quality and breeding technology, especially in the last two or three decades, many koi fish clubs have been established around the world and various koi fish wine tasting parties have been held, which has promoted the exchange and development of koi fish in the world, and the breeding trend is in the ascendant. In Hongkong and Guangdong, koi fish wine tasting is held several times a year. Koi fish has also played a great role in cultural exchanges between countries. Koi fish is the largest producer in Japan, with the most mature breeding technology and equipment, and a large number of high-quality and pure koi fish, which makes fans all over the world flock to it. Every year, they go to Niigata, the birthplace of Hiroshima and japanese koi, to look for Ming carp. In recent years, Taiwan Province Province (not strictly speaking, because most immigrants come from the mainland. The mainland has a breeding history of 1000 years, which is not comparable to that of Japan in just a few hundred years. Malaysia, Singapore, Israel and other emerging regions have sprung up, and their breeding level and product competitiveness are almost equal to those of Japan, which has effectively impacted Japan's monopoly market structure. Seeing that koi fish really started in China and ended in Japan, it has made an indelible contribution to the development of koi fish, but please don't say that China is an emerging country in koi fish that has only been raised for 10 years. Now people collectively refer to goldfish as two categories-goldfish and grass goldfish, both of which are ornamental fish left over from ancient Chinese courts and can be raised in most parts of China. There are many branches of goldfish, including koi fish and crucian carp. [Edit this paragraph] koi fish Classification koi fish varieties are mainly divided into several strains according to color. The source of carp species is divided into Fei carp, skin carp and mirror carp. Koi fish * * * is divided into nine strains, about 100 varieties. According to color, stripe and scale distribution, it is mainly divided into 13 varieties. 1. Red and white koi fish fish: koi fish's authentic, pure white background is full of red dots, without any other colors, white background is like snow, red dots are thick and uniform, and the boundaries are clear. This type is divided into more than 20 varieties. 2. Dazheng tricolor koi fish: red and black stripes on the white background, red and black spots on the head, and black stripes on the pectoral fins. The strain can be divided into 10 varieties. 3. Showa tricolor koi fish: red and white patterns on a black background with dark spots at the base of pectoral fins. There must be big black spots on your head. This strain is divided into 10 varieties. Dazheng tricolor and Showa tricolor are all composed of red, white and black. The difference is that the three colors of Dazheng are red spots and black spots on a white background; Showa tricolor has red and white spots on a black background. There are no black spots on the head of Taisho Tricolor Banner, and there are black spots on Showa Tricolor Banner. The tricolor black spots are round and massive and exist in the upper part of the body; Showa tricolor black spots are linear or banded and exist all over the body. The tricolor pectoral fins are all white or have black stripes; Showa tricolor pectoral fin has a round black spot at its base. 4. herring: all black or black with white spots or all yellow stripes. It can be divided into 4 to 5 varieties. 5. No light: koi fish with black spots on white, red or yellow background belongs to Dazheng tricolor strain. Subdivided into nearly ten varieties. 6. Pale yellow: the back is light blue or dark blue, the outer edge of scales is white, and the cheeks, abdomen and fins are red. There are many varieties of 10 by color. 7. Clothing: a variety of red, white or tricolor mixed with light yellow. Subdivided into nearly 10 varieties. 8. Variant carp: including more than 20 species such as herring, yellow croaker, tea fish and herring. 9. Gold: It is golden and can be divided into more than 20 varieties. 10. Variegated skin carp: a variety produced by crossing Golden koi fish with other strains (excluding herring). There are 10 varieties. 1 1. optical writing: write about the varieties produced by the mating of koi fish and Jin koi fish. 12. Gold and silver scales: koi fish with gold or silver scales all over. 13. Dante: There is a round red spot on the top of the head, but there is no red spot on the fish. [Edit this paragraph] Prevention and treatment of common diseases in koi fish Common diseases in koi fish and their treatment methods (1) 1. Oral administration: drugs are mixed into feed to treat malnutrition or bacterial diseases and internal medicine diseases. 2. Medicated bath method: it is mainly to drive away parasites on the body surface and treat bacterial exogenous diseases. 3. Local treatment: treatment of trauma and body surface diseases, and treatment of local trauma. 4. Injection therapy: various bacterial diseases can be injected into muscles or abdominal cavity. 5. Surgical treatment: plastic surgery for injured or deformed fins. Common diseases and treatment methods in koi fish (II) Viral disease acne (1) Etiology: It occurs in late autumn and winter when the water temperature is low (about 15 degrees). (2) Symptoms: At the early stage of onset, milky white spots appear on the body surface or caudal fin, covered with a thin layer of white mucus, which gradually expands and spreads to the whole body. The damaged skin surface thickens to form large paraffin-like growth. When these growths reach a certain size and thickness, they will automatically fall off, making the water quality worse, and new growths will grow again at the falling parts. The sick fish infected with acne gradually lose weight, swim slowly, have poor appetite, often sink to the bottom and die one after another. (3) Treatment: #0. 1~0。 3MG/KG chloramphenicol solution for a long time. # Inject chloramphenicol into fish at a dose of 25mg per tail. (4) Prevention: Fill the # pond with fresh water, and extract the sediment at the bottom of the pond at any time to improve the water quality. # Strengthen autumn culture and nutrition, so that koi fish will have a certain degree of fatness before winter, and enhance its ability to resist low temperature and disease. # Furacillin 1~2MG/KG sprayed in the whole pool to prevent acne. Common diseases and treatment methods in koi fish (III) Fungal dermatomycosis (water mold, white disease): A layer of "white hair" grows on fish. If not treated in time, when bacteria invade the body, fish will gradually weaken and die. When parasitic in gills, gill mold is formed, which often causes explosive death. (1) Etiology: Dermatomycosis is caused by a kind of filamentous bacteria (Shui Mu, Mianmu, Shuimu), which mostly occurs in pools with a large number of fish or turbid stagnant water. For example, if a fish loses weight or is injured, it is more susceptible to infection, and many cotton-wool hyphae grow in the lesion, so it is also called white disease. Koi fish suffers from dermatomycosis, which is mainly caused by careless fishing and handling, scratching the skin, or parasites damaging the gills and body surface, or frostbite of the skin due to low water temperature, so that myxomycetes spores invade the wound and become infected. When the water temperature is suitable (about 15~25℃), it will grow into dense mycelium in 3~5 days, and a large number of infections will lead to the death of sick fish. Water mold is found all year round, and late autumn and early spring are popular seasons. Fish eggs can be infected from all ages, and when the incubation temperature is low, water mold is easy to occur on fish eggs.