Yongxiu wucheng immigrants

First, the light of Jiangxi civilization

The Ganjiang-Poyang Lake area had already revealed the dawn of civilization in the Stone Age, and it was radiant and dazzling in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties. It can be said that this land of Ganpo has a long and splendid history and culture.

1, Stone Age Jiangxi

Archaeological findings so far show that the earliest primitive culture in Jiangxi is a plain-type middle Paleolithic site discovered in Anyi and Xinyu, and its age is estimated to be about 40 thousand to 50 thousand years ago. In other words, the history of Jiangxi began at the latest when human beings began to exist.

2. Jiangxi in Shang and Zhou Dynasties

The Shang Dynasty, especially from the late Shang Dynasty to the early Western Zhou Dynasty, was the most developed period of the Bronze Age in China. The highest level in Jiangxi during this period is represented by the ruins of Wucheng in Zhangshu, Oceania in Xing 'an, Tongling in Ruichang and Jiao Shan in yingtan. In addition, the ruins of Niutou Town in Xing 'an and Zhong Ling are also important representatives.

There are many sites of Shang and Zhou Dynasties in the fertile Poyang Lake plain of Ganjiang River. Wucheng site of Zhangshu is the largest and richest site in Shang Dynasty. There are indications that this site is by no means an ordinary village and gathering place, but a metropolis of Shang Dynasty. The city is the materialized form of the early state form and its power structure. Rulers build high cities and deep ditches above all members of society, which shows that they are the concentrated representatives of state power. The emergence of a country is regarded as a sign of the arrival of a civilized society. The residents of Wucheng culture chose Wucheng as the city after careful planning, which conforms to the principle of "building a country by choosing one in the world". If the Poyang Plain in Jiangxi Province is compared to a "Dou"-shaped great basin, Wucheng is just at the "Dou" mouth of Nantong Road, so it has become an ancient north-south traffic artery, with extremely convenient land and water transportation, and is an ideal place to establish the central capital. There are natural barriers in the north, natural barriers in the south, Luo Xiao in the west, Wuyishan in the east, especially the Yangtze River in the north, which prevented the most powerful political group businessmen from advancing southward at that time, and the terrain was safe, providing superior conditions for military offensive and defensive. The Poyang Plain in Jiangxi Province has flat terrain, dense water network, humid climate, abundant rainfall, fertile land and developed agriculture.

Fan Changsheng, director of Jiangxi Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, said that due to the huge area, this excavation is only a trial excavation stage. In the next three to five years, Jiao Shan kiln site will be fully excavated to understand its cultural accumulation, and multidisciplinary comprehensive research will be carried out in combination with paleohydrology, paleostratigraphy and paleoclimate, so as to comprehensively and scientifically reveal its spatial distribution and historical logic evolution process.

Looking back on Jiangxi

The development of Jiangxi's history is synchronized with that of China, especially with the development of southern China.

Jiangxi did not become a relatively independent political region in the pre-Qin period. Sandwiched between wuyue and Jingchu, it is squeezed and contested by two regional cultures. In fact, it is neither Wu nor Chu (referring to the center of Wu Chu), but Wu Chu (referring to the edge of Wu Chu). Some areas belong to Wu and others to Chu. Although the ancestors in this area of Jiangxi now have their own splendid culture. Fusion is torn by two cultures in Wu Chu. It can almost be asserted that without the unification of Qin in the third century BC, there would be no Jiangxi culture we are discussing today. The area where we live is either divided by Wu culture, Chu culture and even Lingnan culture, or completely integrated into Wu culture or Chu culture.

The unification of Qin Dynasty, especially the establishment of Zhangyu County in Han Dynasty, made the formation of Jiangxi history and culture have a relatively stable and legally recognized regional carrier. However, the appearance of this carrier was several centuries later than that of Qilu, Bashu and wuyue, and it was also defined by the central government through administrative means according to geographical conditions, which determined that Jiangxi was more dependent on the central government in the future development process, and the inheritance relationship between Jiangxi culture and Central Plains culture was closer.

The economic and social development of Jiangxi after the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties is not only the result of the southward movement of the national economic and cultural center, but also its important content. There are two main factors that have great influence during this period.

First, the eastward movement of the political center and the opening of the canal have made the Ganjiang waterway the main channel for the exchange of materials between the north and the south.

Before the Grand Canal was dug, the longest waterways in China were Hanshui-Yangtze River-Xiangjiang River, Yuanjiang River and Hanshui-Yangtze River-Ganjiang River. The excavation of Lingqu and the opening of Qinling Mountain and Dayuling Mountain Road made these two waterways extend northward to Weishui of the Yellow River system and Xijiang and Beijiang of the Pearl River system, further connecting the three major water systems of the Yellow River, Yangtze River and Pearl River, from Qin and Han Dynasties to Sui Dynasty. The inland river traffic connecting with the Maritime Silk Road from Guangzhou is Hanshui-Yangtze River-Xiangjiang River-Xijiang River-Pearl River.

During the Han Dynasty, the financial resources in Guanzhong area showed helplessness in supporting the national political center. From leading officials of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty and Guanzhong people "devouring" Luoyang, to building the East Capital and digging canals in Yang Di, it essentially reflected the trend that the western political center moved closer from passivity to the eastern economic center. From the Five Dynasties to the Northern Song Dynasty, the political center of China moved eastward. Beijing, the capital of the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, further consolidated the pattern of China's political center moving eastward. Although Beijing is farther away from the economically developed areas in the southeast than Kaifeng, the opening of the entire canal has greatly shortened this spatial distance. After the political center moved eastward and the Grand Canal was opened, Hanshui-Yangtze River-Xiangjiang River-Xijiang River-Pearl River, a north-south traffic artery, lost its former position. Canal-Yangtze River-Ganjiang River-Beijiang River-Pearl River has become the main north-south passage in China. This passage is more than 2,000 kilometers long and runs through seven provinces and cities, including Beijing, Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi and Guangdong, accounting for one third of Jiangxi.

Second, Jiangxi's geographical environment is conducive to agricultural production, and it is less contested by military strategists, so it is far from war.

The development of Jiangxi's economy and culture is closely related to the three long-term wars in the Central Plains. The first is an event called "Five Wild Flowers" in the history of China after the "Yongjia Change" in the Jin Dynasty, which led to the long-term war in the north and the confrontation between the northern and southern regimes in China. The second time was the Anshi Rebellion which began in Tianbao period of Tang Dynasty. As a result of this incident, the north fell into a long period of turmoil and separatism. The third time was the Song-Jin War between Song and Jin. The result of this incident was the constant war and confrontation between Song and Jin Dynasties. All three wars led to large-scale migration of northern residents to the south. The foothold of northern residents' migration is always in areas far away from the battlefield and easy to return to the Central Plains. Therefore, when the war broke out in the Yellow River basin, immigrants mainly living between Jianghuai and Jiujiang began to accept immigrants. When the war extended to the Huaihe River, immigrants moved to the south of the Yangtze River, and there were also immigrants in Nanchang, Poyang and Yichun. When the war spread to both sides of the Yangtze River, immigrants were forced to move south, and a large number of immigrants moved in from Ji 'an, Fuzhou and even Ganzhou.

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