This paper discusses the technical points of engineering analysis of hydropower construction projects.

Answer: This project is an ecological impact project, and the main projects are reservoir dams and power plants; Supporting works include diversion culvert, etc. Auxiliary projects include external traffic roads, construction road networks, various construction sites, borrow sites, quarries, waste yards, etc. Public works include living quarters, water and electricity supply facilities, communication facilities, etc. Environmental protection projects include wastewater and industrial wastewater treatment facilities, greening projects, etc. During the evaluation, all items must be included in the analysis. The key project is the main project, which has the most significant impact on the environment. It is also necessary to carry out the whole process analysis, mainly aiming at the environmental impact during the construction period and operation period.

(1) The direct impacts during the construction period include land occupation, vegetation destruction, soil erosion, debris flow caused by abandoned debris on the construction site, noise, dust and "three wastes" pollution, destruction of the original natural landscape or valuable historical sites, interference and destruction of wildlife habitats, etc. There is also the pollution caused by the presence of construction workers, as well as the interference and destruction of social culture and folk customs in the reservoir dam area. Reasonable planning and strict management are necessary measures to reduce the impact during construction.

(2) Environmental impact during operation. The impact of reservoir dam project is mainly to submerge land and lose agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and wetland resources; Flooding a large area of vegetation will cause the loss of biodiversity; Some cultural relics with historical, cultural and aesthetic values have been destroyed; Wild animal and plant species migrate or disappear due to the loss of their original habitat; Prevent the extinction of migratory creatures; In addition, it will accelerate the eutrophication of water, affect the normal survival and reproduction of organisms, reduce the self-purification ability of water, and cause soil erosion and other problems.

(3) the influence of reservoir migration

Because the reservoir occupies a lot of land, it causes a large number of immigrants. Immigration will put pressure on the land and water in the new immigrant areas, such as a large number of chemical fertilizers and pesticides used to maintain agricultural production, reclamation of wasteland, pollution, vegetation destruction, soil erosion and other problems.

(4) Functional coordination

Many hydropower projects contain many functions, some of which are contradictory and need to coordinate or ensure the main functions. The influence of reservoirs and dams is usually based on river basins. From the perspective of sustainable development, water use coordination and environmental protection in the whole basin should be carried out.

5] Indirect influence

For example, flooded traffic, transmission lines and communication facilities need to be rebuilt, which causes many problems in the process of reconstruction. The influx of foreign population may form new towns and change the regional ecological structure and other environmental impacts.