The history of Fengjie ancient city

"Baidigao is the Three Gorges Town, and Qutang has passed a hundred prisons." Geographically speaking, Fengjie is a famous pass in the history of China, and it has been a battleground for military strategists since ancient times. The unique geographical location makes the construction history of Fengjie date back to at least the Qin Dynasty. After Qin destroyed Ba, a fish belly county was set up in Fengjie. Later, it was either the state capital or the county, and the highest organizational system was land, which was equivalent to the seat of the current provincial capital. In the fourth year of Song Xianping, Kuizhou Road was established here, which governs dozens of counties.

The latest archaeology confirms that there are four ancient cities near Baidicheng. In recent years, one of them was discovered in the Southern Song Dynasty, during which a large number of houses, streets and other sites were discovered, and a wall of more than 7,000 meters was excavated, covering an area of about 5 square kilometers, four times that of the old county town being demolished.

The pattern of nine squares in the city was formed in the Qing Dynasty. 194 1 year, the county seat was bombed by Japanese planes, dropping more than 700 bombs, and the urban area was blown into ruins. After several years of restoration, 16 streets have been widened.

After the founding of New China, the county gradually expanded to more than 40 streets. Residential buildings with blue tiles and white walls have been replaced by reinforced concrete buildings, and there are fewer and fewer stone roads. Neon lights have been hung on the ancient city walls. "Fengjie City is too crowded." Fu Bingjun, an immigrant cadre who accompanied the reporter, lamented. The old city of Fengjie is about 1.4 square kilometers, and the permanent and temporary floating population is about 654.38+million. In the late spring of 766 AD, Du Fu lived in Fengjie. During his two years here, he wrote more than 430 poems, accounting for 1/3 of the poems he wrote in his life. The song "Climbing the High" was written here, and it is still sad up to now:

In the wild wind in the vast sky, the ape is sobbing,

Birds fly over the clear lake and white sand beach and fly home.

Leaves fall like a waterfall,

When I watch the long river roll forward. Guan Yu is the embodiment of benevolence and righteousness in the Three Kingdoms. After the defeat of Guan Gong in Maicheng, it was a fatal blow to Liu Bei, the late master, which directly led to the acceleration of the trusteeship process of the late master. Entrusting an orphan also happened in Fengjie. It's a long story. However, some people mistakenly put this story in Baidicheng, thus making the Fengjie, which really bears this history, unknown.

Fengjie Normal School has a beautiful environment, quiet and elegant, and towering trees. Deep in the campus, there are several ancient trees, the trunks of which are bent and the tops of which are decorated like arches. There are no bricks and tiles in the campus, but the palace atmosphere of purple smoke and sadness and joy when Liu Bei entrusted orphans is still there. As Su Dongpo, a great writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, said in Yong 'an Palace, "The ancient tombs and valleys have changed, and the Forbidden City is safe. I asked the old man, but only Yong 'anmen. "

The history of trusting orphans in Yong 'an can be confirmed by many poems. Du Fu wrote: "The Lord of Shu looked at Wu as far away as the Three Gorges and died in Yong 'an Palace." Wang, a poet in the Song Dynasty, said in the poem Zhaolie Temple: "There are many rafters and temples in ancient houses, and the sorrow is close to Yong 'an Palace. "A Qing and Wang Shizhen also said in" Eight Arrays ":"Yong 'an Miyano is ugly, and Han Yan is six feet lonely. " In these poems, it is said that the ancestors entrusted themselves to Yong 'an Palace, and according to the research of Kuizhou government records, the former site of Yong 'an Palace is now in Fengjie Normal Campus.