Kk Great God Immigrants

German is the official language of Germany and Austria. It belongs to the west Germanic language under the Germanic language family of Indo-European language family. German is the mother tongue used by more than 6,543.8 billion people. Originally used in Germany (Austria, northern Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, South Tyrol, Italy, a small part of Belgium, a part of Poland and a part of Alsace, France). German is also spoken by a few people in German immigrant areas of the Soviet Union, Romania and other countries, as well as in Pennsylvania, USA. You should learn pronunciation when you start learning German. Like English, German uses the most popular Latin alphabet. Besides the 26 Latin letters, there are four other letters in German:? 、? 、? Swiss German has been officially abolished? , all use SS; X and y are only used to spell foreign words. So German has eight vowels and twenty-two consonants. German has five single vowels: A, E, I, O, U, and three inflected vowels:? 、? , ü, these eight vowels are long and short; There are three compound vowels: ei(ai, ey, ay), au, eu(u). The difference of vowel length is an important feature of German pronunciation. Long vowels and short vowels have distinguishing functions, such as Staat (country) and Stadt (city). The spelling marks of long vowels can be vowels overlapping aa, ee, oo, ie, or vowels followed by H as long vowel symbols, such as ah, eh, ih, oh, uh,? H, is it? H, üh, or you can add a consonant letter after the vowel, such as Bad and gut. Short vowels are marked by overlapping consonants or more than two consonants after vowels, such as Bett and Bild. Vowel e is mostly weakened in unstressed syllables and prefixes, and completely weakened in suffixes and suffixes. Consonants are characterized by seven pairs of voiced consonants. The voiced consonants B, D, G play a role in clarification at the end of words. For example, in English, the consonants at the end of lieb, Feld and Tag are pronounced as P, T and K respectively (C precedes vowels A, O, U and consonant ck). There are also trills in German, big tongue trills in the south and uvular trill in the north. German is closely related to spelling and pronunciation, so we can listen, write and pronounce words. After mastering the pronunciation of letters and their pronunciation rules, we can read any words and sentences without the assistance of KK phonetic symbols and international phonetic symbols. For example, when you see the letter combination sch, you can pronounce sh in American English; When you see the vowel letter U, you can pronounce a sound similar to Chinese U (phonetic symbol ㄩ); When you see the letter W, you can pronounce the V sound of American English (not the semi-vowel W); When you see the letter R, you can pronounce uvular trill. Learn pronunciation first, then start learning vocabulary and grammar. German grammar belongs to inflectional language, and German words are divided into 12 categories according to grammatical functions: articles, nouns, pronouns, adjectives, numerals, verbs, conjunctions, prepositions, adverbs, modal words, modal words and exclamations. The first six categories have morphological changes and are called variable parts of speech; The last four categories have no morphological changes and are called invariant parts of speech. The first letter of a noun in German must be capitalized. There are three genders of German nouns (masculine, feminine and neuter), and the genders of other words are often irregular except for the rules of gender comparison of nouns directly to people. German also has four cases (nominative, accusative and possessive) and two numbers (singular and plural). In use, apart from some changes of nouns themselves, the nature, number and case of nouns in sentences are mainly expressed by the changes of articles, pronouns, adjectives and some numerals before nouns. Verb inflections include person, number and time: including present tense (pr? Sens), past tense (Pr? Terium), future tense (Futur I), present perfect tense (Perfekt), past perfect tense (Plusquamperfekt) and future perfect tense (Futur II), voice (active voice, passive voice) and modality (direct expression, imperative mood, subjunctive mood). The endings of infinitives are mostly en, and a few are eln and ern. According to the different endings when the basic forms (infinitive, past tense, second participle) change and whether the root vowels change, they can be divided into weak verbs, strong verbs and irregular verbs. Verbs in the future perfect tense are rarely used in modern German. Structural features of German sentences: Verb predicate is the core of a sentence, which needs the object of each case or preposition object and various complements. In ordinary declarative sentences, when the subject or other sentence components are at the beginning of the sentence, the predicate verb always takes the second place. If the predicate consists of two parts, namely, the changeable part (time auxiliary verb or modal auxiliary verb) and the immutable part (infinitive or verb second participle), the changeable part takes the second place (in some sentences, it takes the first place), and the immutable part takes the end of the sentence, which is a unique predicate "frame structure" in German. Another feature of syntax is that the verb predicate in a clause is located at the end of the sentence, and the order of its sentence components is: conjunction, relative pronoun, relative adverb, interrogative pronoun or interrogative adverb-subject and other components of the sentence-verb predicate. To learn German, you can use general German and basic German, or you can go to Tudou. As long as you study hard, you will learn German well. I hope I can help you.