What are the classical Chinese texts that tell the truth with short stories?

People who are used to rowing are prone to initial twists and turns, but the boatman is listening. So between the small experimental islands, the direction was not satisfactory, and I thought I would try my best to operate the boat. So I thanked master Zhou and plunged into the drum diameter, which was in danger. I was afraid of falling, but I lost my paddle. Note ① Chu: the name of the ancient country. 20% off: turn around. Spin: Turn around. ③ Vertebra: Knock with vertebra. In ancient times, drums were used as trumpets when marching. (4) urgent: suddenly. Conviction: Encounter. ⑤: Same as "rudder".

There was a man who learned to sail in Chu State. At the beginning, he turned around and spun, fast and slow, completely obeying the master's words. So I tried my hand among the islands in the river, and I couldn't do anything well, so I thought I had learned all the skills of sailing. I immediately bid farewell to the boatman and drummed (the ancients probably gave orders by drumming), and immediately I was in great danger. I looked around, terrified, and the rudder was out of control. However, isn't today's crisis the result of previous complacency?

This article tells people the truth: don't dabble in study and work (or don't be complacent in study and work, or keep making progress in study and work).

2. Lu people moved to Vietnam.

Lu Shanzhi, whose wife is good at weaving, wants to move to Vietnam. Or: "I will be poor!" " Lu said, "Why?" Yue: "It's to do ③, and the more people do ④; It's also a crown. The more people send it. With children's strengths, they can swim in countries they don't need. Want to be infinite, can you get it? " (from "Doing Everything in the Woods")

Note ①: Ma Xie. (2) Silk: white silk, with which Zhou people made hats. 3 shoes: shoes, used as verbs here, refer to wearing shoes. Four rudder: barefoot.

There is a man in Lu who is good at knitting shoes with hemp and kudzu vine, and his wife is good at knitting silk. He wants to move to Vietnam. Someone said to him, "You are destined to be poor." The Lu people said, "Why?" (answer) said: "the toilet is used to wear, but the more barefoot people walk;" It is used to make hats, but the more people wear hair. With your strength, is it possible to go to a country that does not use (your product) and want to make (yourself) not poor? "

The truth that this article tells people is: We should act according to our needs, otherwise we can only hit a wall.

Step 3 salvage the iron cow

Song He Zhongfu Floating Beams are made of eight-dimensional iron oxen, each weighing tens of thousands of Jin. In the process of peacekeeping, the water rises to the top of the beam, and the cows are not in the river. Only those who can raise money can come out. The real monk with soldiers and two small boats with solid soil grabbed the cow Wei Zhi, hooked the cow with big wood as a balance, removed the soil, and the boat floated the cow out. Transshipment made Zhang Dao smell it and gave him purple clothes.

Note: 1 pontoon: pontoon bridge. 2 d: tie, link. 3 Zhiping: the title of Zhao Shu, the British Emperor in the Northern Song Dynasty. True: But today Hebei is positive. 5 balance: scale, hammer, beam.

In Song Dynasty, a pontoon bridge was built and eight Tieniu Town Bridges were cast. During the reign of Zhiping, the river surged, washed away the pontoon bridge, and the iron ox sank to the bottom of the river. Officials are offering a reward to anyone who can make the iron cow surface.

A monk named Huai Bing suggested that the iron cow be fixed between two big ships full of mud and hooked with hook-shaped giant wood. At this time, the soil of the two ships will be gradually reduced, so that the weight of the hull will be reduced and the iron cow will be hooked out of the water. Zhang Dao (official name, in charge of military supplies and land and water transportation) gave the monk a purple cassock as a reward.

On the 4th, Gong Jing ordered autumn to be crisp, hungry and cold.

When I was in Gong Jing, it rained for three days without falling. The public, dressed in fox white, sat on one side of the hall. Yan Zi entered the meeting and set up a room. Gong said, "How strange! It rained and snowed for three days, but it was not cold. " Yan Zi said to him, "Isn't it cold?" Laugh. Yan Zi said, "Babies know ancient sages, people are hungry when they are full, people are cold when they are warm, and people work when they are idle." I don't know. "The public said," good. I've heard of life. "This is the autumn millet that makes people hungry and cold.

Note: Rain and snow: It's snowing. Rain, falling, falling, used as a verb. The steps of the palace. Hear fate: I heard resignation. Smell and listen; Life is resigned to fate.

When Gong Jing was in power, it snowed for three days without cleaning up. Gong Jing, wearing a white fox fur coat, sat on the steps at one side of the lobby. Yan Zi went into the palace and stood for a while. Gong Jing said, "It's strange that it snowed for three days, but it's not so cold." Yan Zi said, "Is it really not cold?" Gong Jing smiled. Yan Zi said, "Yan Ying, I heard that wise kings in ancient times knew that others were hungry when they were full, and they knew that others were frozen when they were warm, and they felt at ease, but they knew that others were hard. Unfortunately, now you don't know! " Gong Jing said, "Good! Then I was taught. " So he took out his fur coat and food and distributed them to people who were hungry and cold.

5. Farmers fight with officials.

Original: I have tasted that farmers sell firewood to the city with donkeys, and when they meet officials (eunuchs), they call the "palace market" to get it; Just a few feet away from the silk, he asked for the "portal" (referring to the "portal" tax) and invited (forced) to send the donkey. The farmer sobbed and paid with the silk he got; Refused to accept, he said, "You must send firewood to the donkey." The farmer said, "I have parents and a wife. I will stay here for dinner. " I'll give you firewood now, and you won't take it until I get it straight. I'm just dead! "Then beat the official.

Once upon a time there was a farmer who sold firewood on a donkey. The eunuch claimed to be the palace city, took his firewood, gave him a few feet of silk, and asked the entrance door for money on the spot, so that the donkey could send the firewood to the court. The farmer gave the eunuch the silk he got in tears. The eunuch refused and said, "You must get your donkey." The farmer said, "My family has parents, a wife and children, and my money depends on it." . Now that I have given you the firewood, I will go back without asking you for money, but you still won't let me go, so I have to fight with you! "So the farmer beat the eunuch.

Through the experience of farmers selling firewood, this paper reveals the exploitation and persecution of working people by the "palace market"

6. Take care of yourself

Literati despise each other, which is natural since ancient times. Fu Yizhi, who is the same age as Ban Gu, said to his younger brother, "Wuzhong can be a writer and write a history of Lantai." Madam is good at self-observation, but literature is not an organic whole, and it is rarely prepared, so she has her own strengths and weaknesses. As the saying goes, "If there is a bad broom at home, reward your daughter." I can't see myself.

Scholars despise each other, as it has been since ancient times. Fu Yi and Ban Gu are equally talented in humanities. However, Ban Gu despises Yi Fu. In a letter to his younger brother Ban Chao, he said: "Fu Wuzhong became an official position in the history of Lantai because he could write articles, but he wrote 1000 words endlessly." Ordinary people are always good at seeing their own advantages. However, there is not only one genre of articles, and few people are good at all genres. So everyone always uses what they are good at to despise what others are not good at. There is a saying in the village, "If you have a broken broom at home, you will know that it is worth thousands of dollars." I can't see my own problems clearly.

Note: ① Fu Yi and Ban Gu were both writers and historians in the Eastern Han Dynasty. (2) [Super] Ban Chao. Brother of Ban Gu, a famous Eastern Han Dynasty star. (3) [self-rest] (long and loose) I can't stop myself. 4 [See yourself clearly] is to see yourself clearly and show your strengths. ⑤ [Style] Genre ⑤ [Li] Proverbs and folk proverbs.

Modern Chinese often uses expressions such as "a broom is valuable" and "a broom cherishes itself" to show that people don't know themselves. Metaphors are not good, but they are also valuable because of their own things.

7. Fan Chongshu

Fan Zhongyan wanted to make utensils, but he planted catalpa paint first, but he was sneered at. However, if you accumulate years, you can use it. Those who laugh at it are salty and demand falsehood. You can't plant without it. As the saying goes, "a year's plan is not like a tree valley, and a decade's plan is not like a tree." This is also called.

Fan Zhongyan once wanted to make utensils, so he planted catalpa and sumac first. People at that time sneered at his behavior. But a few years later, catalpa and sumac came in handy. People who used to laugh at him now come back to borrow these things from him. This shows that planting trees can't stop! As the saying goes, "it is better to plan for a year than to plan for a year." Ten-year planning is better than planting trees. "That's what I said! (Things should be considered in the long run)

Truth: No matter what you do, you should make preparations early and make long-term plans. Revelation: The same is true of learning.

8. Qi people have good hunters.

Qi people have good hunters, but they cannot kill animals for a long time. If you go in, you are ashamed of your family; if you go out, you are ashamed of your friends and neighbors. It is evil for dogs to think that they are wrong. If you want a good dog, your family is poor. So we still work hard. If we work hard, our family will have money. If we have money, we will ask for a good dog. If the dog is good, we will get a beast. The harvest of wild hunting often exceeds that of others. Not only solo hunting, but also Pepsi.

There was a man in the state of Qi who liked hunting, but he spent a long time without catching any wild animals. When I got home, I felt sorry for my wife and children; When you leave home, you will feel sorry for your friends and neighbors. Considering that the reason why we can't shoot wild animals is that the hounds we feed are too poor. I want to buy a good dog, but my family is too poor to afford it. So he quickly returned to the farm. If you farm quickly, you will have money at home; If you have money at home, you will have money to buy a good dog; Hunting dogs are very skilled, and they can catch wild animals every time: the hunting harvest often exceeds others. Not only hunting, but also other things!

Revelation: When people encounter difficulties, don't be reluctant. Sometimes they retreat for better progress. Nothing can be attacked blindly. When you fail, you should pay attention to the strategy of success.

9. Sean accepts books.

Liu Hou Zhang Liangzhe, whose ancestors were also Koreans. Chang Liang was swimming leisurely in Xiapi. An old father, dressed in brown, walked to the grain depot and fell on his shoes. Gu said to him, "Boy, take off your shoes!" I'm so surprised. I miss Europe. I'm old, patient and take shoes. Father said, "Come with me!" Good karma is to take shoes, because long kneeling shoes. Father was fed up and just laughed. Liang Shu was frightened and looked at it with his eyes. My father went to college and came back and said, "You can teach a boy. In five days, the weather will be clear and I will come. " Liang knelt down and said, "Promise." It has been sunny for five days. Father is already here. He said angrily, "What's the point of staying with the old man?" Go and say, "There will be an early meeting in five days." On the fifth day, the cock crows, ok. Father came first, and he got angry again and said, "What happened after that?" Go and say, "Come back early in the next five days." On the 5 th, the night is not over half. After a while, my father came and said, "That's right." He wrote a book and said, "If you read this book, you will become the king's teacher. In the last ten years, it has been very prosperous. In the thirteenth year, the boy saw me helping the north, so I was also the one who went down to Huangshi in the old city. " Then I went, said nothing, and never saw you again. It is Sun Tzu's art of war, which is regarded as a standard by Danri. Good because of differences, often learn to read. ?

Five days later, at dawn, Sean went there. The old man is already here, and (he) said angrily, "(you) are dating the old man, and you are slower." Why? " He left and said, "Come early in five days." When the cock crows in five days, Sean will go there. The old man has been here first, and (he) said angrily, "(you are slower than the old man), why?" He left and said, "Come back early in five days." Five days later, Sean arrived there before midnight. After a while, the old man came and said happily, "It should be like this." (The old man) took out a book and said, "(You) can become the emperor's teacher after reading this. In the next ten years (you) will establish (a career), and in the thirteenth year you will see me in northern Hebei, and Huangshi at the foot of the ancient city mountain is me. " He left without saying anything and never appeared again. The next day (Sean) read this book, which turned out to be The Art of War. Sean was surprised and often read again and again.

Sean's excellent qualities: keeping promises and asking for advice with an open mind.

10, Zhao people suffer from rats.

Original: Zhao people suffer from rats, Zhongshan people beg for cats, and Zhongshan people give them. Cats are good at catching mice and chickens. A month later, the mouse was exhausted and the chicken was exhausted. When his son suffered from the disease, he told his father, "What are you going to do?" His father said, "If you know right and wrong. I have a rat, not a chicken. If my husband has mice, he will steal my food, destroy my clothes, wear my walls and damage my tools. I'll be hungry and cold, and I won't get sick without chickens. Without chicken, eating chicken has ears, which is far from hunger and cold. What if (4) you go to your husband and cat again?

Note: ① Zhongshan: Place name ② meters: Why not ③ Wall: What if the wall ④ Why?

Zhao's family was infested with rats and went to Zhongshan to look for cats. Zhongshan people gave him a cat. This cat is good at catching mice as well as chickens. After more than a month, there were fewer mice and no chickens. His son was very worried and said to his father, "why don't you drive the cat away?" His father said, "That's what you don't know. I'm afraid of mice, not chickens. With mice, they will eat my food, destroy my clothes, wear my walls and chew my utensils, and I will be hungry and cold. Isn't it more harmful than no chicken? No chicken, just don't eat it. It's still a long way from hunger and cold. Why did you drive the cat away? "

This fable analysis:

A, this fable tells people that if you want to solve problems, you must first consider what your main goal is. As long as this goal is achieved, it will even cause some losses in other aspects.

B, if a person wants to achieve everything in a complex world, but doesn't want to pay any price, he can only achieve nothing in the end.

C. "What you lose is what you get" is the theme of this article.