Did the ancestors of the Japanese really come from China?

The ancestors of the Japanese should be Mongolians in East Asia, Xianbei people, primitive hominids in the Japanese archipelago, and Malays from the Philippines and Indonesia.

After many changes in history, especially immigrants from Chinese mainland and the Korean Peninsula, the Japanese bloodline has changed again.

European and American ethnic elements have been added to the bloodline of modern Japanese, especially more and more Eurasian and American-Asian hybrids.

In the late 1970s, Japanese scholar Kenzaburo Oe put forward the hypothesis that "the birthplace of the Japanese is in Yunnan". Since then, throughout the 1980s and 1990s, the "Yunnan fever" that arose in the Japanese archipelago has not declined, but has been on the rise for some time.

First, the Japanese archipelago-the source of the trend of "Yunnan fever"

1979, Kenzaburo Birishi, honorary professor of anthropology in osaka kyoiku university, Japan, first published a new theory-"The birthplace of Japanese is in Yunnan Province, China".

1982, Japanese scholars such as Takashi Sasaki and Tadashi Watanabe went straight to Yunnan. They walked into the dense forest in Xishuangbanna, southern Yunnan, and made a hard field social investigation. Among these famous scholars, there is naturally a famous bird, Yuexian Saburo.

1984 On February 23rd, Professor Bird Yuexian, who devoted himself to the study of social human culture, announced: "A field trip was conducted to the ethnic minorities in mountainous areas of Thailand (northern Thailand) who were thought to be from Yunnan, and it was found that all babies had birthmarks on their buttocks." Professor Bird Yuexian also emphasized this discovery: "The birthmark in Japanese constitution is from Yunnan, which is circumstantial evidence that this area is the birthplace of Japanese."

1984 In the summer and autumn, Professor Bird Yuexian once again led a team to Yunnan, accompanied by about 30 famous scholars.

1988 In September, the Japanese TV Workers' Union arrived in Yunnan with the task of filming the origin of the Japanese. Subsequently, the wave of "Yunnan fever" set off by the Japanese archipelago also reached its peak.

Under the impact of "thermal effect", some domestic scholars are eager to demonstrate various inferences put forward by the Japanese, such as "Japan originated in Yunnan" and "Japan originated in Yunnan Province". Since then, the Japanese inference has been further deduced from "the Japanese originated in Yunnan" to "the ancestors of the Japanese were ethnic minorities in Yunnan", and its scope and core are basically delineated to Yi, Hani, Dai (Xishuangbanna) and other ethnic groups, and even extended to the "Wa theory" and the "Aini theory" of the Hani branch.

Who are the ancestors of the Japanese in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau?

The second is the "Yi theory" that "the Japanese originated from the Yi people in Yunnan"

According to Yi people, after Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, he ordered alchemist Xu Fu to lead 3,000 boys and girls across the sea in order to get the medicine of immortality. In the face of strong winds, survivors arrived in Kyushu (now Kyushu), the earliest Japanese nation on the island, and became family businesses. According to historical records, the Qin royal family belongs to Qiang Rong. Qiang and Rong migrated to the southwest and became the ancestors of Yi people in Yunnan today. "Yi theory" also believes that the torch festival of Sani people (Yi branch) in Shilin and other places is also held on the same day as the "Menglanben Festival" in Japan, that is, the Jiyi Peninsula in Japan, but in Kobe, Kyoto, Osaka, Nara and Jiyi Peninsula in southern Japan. From this perspective, the Yi people should be the ancestors of the Japanese. As far as the theory of "Yi" is concerned, Xu Fu and other 3,000 boys and girls who drifted to Yi were not actually the earliest Japanese nation on the island.

Qiang nationality is one of the oldest mountain nationalities in China. They have lived in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau for a long time and lived a nomadic life. In the vast grassland area of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, there are "exquisite stone relics", some of which may belong to Yangshao culture, only 6000 years ago. However, before 3000 Qiang boys and girls crossed the sea, the ancestors of Yi people had made brilliant achievements in the history of human society.

On the fertile soil of Chuxiong, Yizhou, Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, the world's largest animal dinosaur once lived, and the "Lufeng Lamaxian" fossil was a human being that was forming 8 million years ago. The "Yuanmou Ape Man" in Shangnabang Village was a homo erectus from 6.5438+0.35 million years ago to 6.5438+0.7 million years ago, and the "October solar calendar" was a great contribution of Yi ancestors to the world astronomical calendar. From 2700 years ago to 5000 years ago, there was the earliest bronze drum found in the world-Chuxiong Wanjiaba bronze drum. With the blending and spreading of national culture, Yi bronze drums also spread from Southeast Asia and Malacca Strait to Sumatra Island, and then to Papua New Guinea in Oceania. Up to now, there are still all kinds of bronze drums that were made rough earlier and processed more beautifully later, and they are treasured in Tokyo Museum. The land of Yizhou is, after all, one of the birthplaces of human ancestors. Here is the most primitive historical and cultural accumulation, with extensive communication channels. However, there is still no evidence that the Yi people were once the "ancestors" of Japan in terms of blood and race.

In the Japanese archipelago, the "China Mountain" mountain ranges across the western part of Honshu, and other veins extend to Kyoto, Osaka, Kobe and Nara, the hinterland of Mu Yi Peninsula. Mu Yi Peninsula is the most concentrated place of Japanese traditional culture. At this time of the year on the peninsula, locals and Yi people in southwest China enjoy the Torch Festival. Judging from its cultural communication, Qingshui River and its tributaries in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River (Jinsha River section) just pass through the gaps in Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou and other Yi inhabited areas. Then, the origin of the custom of "Torch Festival" happens to be in three important Yi inhabited areas along the Jinsha River, namely, northern Yunnan (including northeastern Yunnan), southern Sichuan and western Guizhou. Naturally, the custom of "Torch Festival", like traditional ethnic festivals such as dragon boat race in the Yangtze River valley, spread along the Yangtze River to Kyushu in the Japanese archipelago, and then passed through Honshu or Shikoku to reach the Jiyi Peninsula. Because it is only 460 nautical miles from the Yangtze River estuary to Nagasaki in front of Kyushu Island and 550 nautical miles to Shimonoseki in front of Honshu Island. This way of communication, whether we look at it then or today, is more convenient than the Central Plains culture in the Yellow River Basin passing through the Korean Peninsula and Japan.

Influenced by the culture of the southern Yangtze River basin or living in the same cultural circle, some marginal ethnic groups, such as Hani, Naxi and Bai, have also had the custom of "Torch Festival".

Just as Hani, Yi, Zhuang, Lahu, Korea, Japan and other ethnic groups all have the custom of swinging. Therefore, "Torch Festival", "Dragon Boat Race", "Swing" and even any other customs are not enough to be at least circumstantial evidence of the ancestors of a certain nation in a certain place.

The third is the "Hani theory" that "the Japanese originated from the Hani nationality in Yunnan"

According to "Hani Theory", "In 1970s, Japanese scholars first proposed that their ancestors were Hani people". Japan was surprised to find that the beliefs of the Hani nationality in Yunnan, China and the Yamato nationality in Japan all have similar animism concepts, especially among the gods, the most authoritative "Sun God" of the Japanese nation and the "Apimei Smoke" of the Hani nationality are all women; Japan worships the "Valley God" and regards cherry blossoms as the national flower. Hani people also worship the "Valley God" and regard cherry trees and cherry blossoms as gods. As far as "Hani theory" is concerned, the earliest Japanese religious customs are the same as Hani animism, polytheism and ancestor worship. Taking animism as the core, it is called Shinto in Japanese folk, that is, the whole process of worshipping natural phenomena such as the sun, mountains, trees, water, rocks and reproduction. This animistic polytheism is defined as "taking everything in nature as the embodiment of God". It is worth mentioning that the primitive animistic religious beliefs of Hani and Japanese nationalities in the early days are universal in the world and all ethnic groups in Chinese mainland. Generally speaking, the soul consciousness of the northern tribes in China is always associated with the sky, while the soul consciousness of the southern tribes in China is always associated with the underground. Therefore, the belief in Mother Earth and the polytheism world are widely popular in the southern farming society. In this way, it is not surprising that the Hani people and the most authoritative Japanese sun god are women.

Among the important features of early Japanese society, it was undoubtedly based on women's rights. The legendary ancestor of the royal family is the "goddess of the sun". China history books in the 3rd century recorded that the Japanese "Queen Country" enjoyed hegemony among tribes. This matriarchal system should be a proof that "the royal family is descended from the sun goddess" in Japanese mythology. In short, before the patriarchal clan society of human beings rose from the matriarchal clan society, many nationalities in the world mainly worshipped goddesses. From the ancient Indian statue of the tree god (female), the ancient Greek culture and the early surnames of China, such as Ji, Jiang, Ying, Yao, Yan, etc., we can not only see the supreme dignity of matriarchal clan society, but also understand the worship of "Goddess" by different nationalities in the history of human social development.

In the polytheism worship of "animism", how can Hani and Japanese worship "Valley God" at the same time? According to legend, the Japanese goddess of the sun once worked and sowed in the rice fields in the sky and gave some seeds to the descendants of the emperor for planting; In Bali, Indonesia, Javanese grain seeds are a gift from the goddess Wesley. In the oriental culture, the Thai people in Thailand and the Dai, Zhuang and Hani people in China all worship rice and think that rice has a soul. In mojiang hani autonomous county, Simao, Yunnan, before the funeral of the deceased, a bowl of Redmi is placed at the feet of the deceased, and duck eggs and chopsticks are put on the rice for them to enjoy. At the funeral, the native boys and girls lined up and bowed down, carrying eight coffins on their heads, while the elders "called the soul" and sprinkled millet and Redmi. Why is this happening? In eastern culture, people believe that rice is given by the goddess. Since it has a soul, you can treat it as a relative and talk to it. Then, the spilled rice will tell the prayers and wishes of relatives to the dead in heaven.

The Japanese regard cherry blossoms as national flowers, and the Hani people regard dragon trees as sacred objects. Dragon tree is a big evergreen deciduous tree. Every village in the Hani cottage should have a dragon tree, and a grand "Dragon Boat Festival" should be held in the dragon forest of each village. When the "Dragon Boat Festival" reached its climax, the sound of manggongs and drums was loud, the sound of bronze gongs was deafening, and firecrackers echoed in the distant mountains. The Hani people celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival every year and regularly. Whenever there is a big event, it must be the "Dragon Boat Festival". From this perspective, cherry blossoms and dragon trees are sacred objects of Japanese and Hani people respectively.

Fourthly, the "Dai theory" holds that "the Japanese originated from ethnic minorities in Yunnan"

"Dai Lun" mainly includes Kenzaburo Toyuki, Takashi Sasaki and Tadao Watanabe. According to the records in Historical Records and Hanshu, as well as the characteristics of rice culture, food culture and customs, they put forward the hypothesis that "the birthplace of Japanese is Yunnan". For the Dai people in northwest Thailand and Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, Professor Bird Yuexian's new theory holds that: "A field survey of the ethnic minorities in mountainous areas of Thailand, which are considered to be southern Yunnan, found that all babies have birthmarks on their buttocks, and birthmarks were also found among the Dai people in Xishuangbanna." Bird Yue Xian thinks that "birthmark theory" proves my hypothesis physically. If we study the "fetal spot" named by western Europeans in Yunnan and Thailand for a long time, it may be called Yunnan spot. The so-called "tire spot" refers to the blue markings on the baby's buttocks, waist, back and shoulders. The reason is that there are melanocytes in the dermis of the skin, which gradually disappear with age. Naturally, it is not enough to identify the "root" of a species only from the pigment cells in the skin. However, Bird Yue Xian also contributed to blood analysis: "There are many people with type A blood in West Japan (Kyushu and Honshu), just like people in Yunnan and Thailand."

As we know, the northern Han nationality belongs to the East Asian Mongolian race, and its physical characteristics are between the northern Mongolian race and the southern Mongolian race. Japanese belonging to Altai language family belong to the east-west type of Mongolian race, which has both the similarity of Mongolian fetal spots and the characteristics that Mongolian blood types are mostly type A.

Japanese scholars also believe that the decorative mirror of a house unearthed in the ancient tomb of Daiwa Zuomitian also has a dry-fence-style house, and this dry-fence-style building of the Dai people in Xishuangbanna is still scattered in some places in Japan. The uxorilocal marriage was popular in Ping 'an period, and there were overwhelming door-to-door marriage customs in modern times, which were also strikingly similar to those in Xishuangbanna.

In subtropical areas, dry block buildings are more common. This kind of residential building originated from barragan people in the Philippines, Thai people in Thailand, Dai and Hani people in Yunnan, China, and Li people in Hainan. Most of them are stilted houses. With regard to remarriage, in addition to the Dai people in Xishuangbanna, there are many supernumerary wedding customs in rural society in Thailand and Hani people in southern Yunnan, China. For example, Volume 18 of Daoguang's "Pu Er Fu Zhi" describes the local Hani marriage custom that "poor people are adopted for many years before they can take their wives home".

5. China culture is the "ancestor" of the Japanese.

In fact, the hypothesis that the Yi, Hani and Dai people "Japanese originated from Yunnan ethnic minorities" is a new theory developed from the perspective of the origin of Japanese races in the south, north and mainland. In his early years, Bird Yue Xian also emphasized the similarity between Japanese and Mongols on many occasions according to his birthmark, arguing that the northern part of the mainland was one of the birthplaces of Japanese. However, although Mongols have birthmarks, they can't be the "ancestors" of the Japanese because they don't grow rice. In this disproof, Professor Bird Yuexian and others turned the object of investigation and evidence collection to the Dai nationality in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, south of China. Since then, many Japanese anthropologists have poured in and put forward hypotheses such as "Yi theory", "Hani theory" and "Dai theory" respectively.

However, in the wave of "Yunnan fever" in the Japanese archipelago, the famous Japanese professor of social anthropology, Yujizaburo Dihara, is more far-sighted. He believes: "learning Japanese culture is not limited to beating around the bush in a country's folk customs." Therefore, the starting point of his research is not to find ancestors for his own nation, but to study various cultural phenomena in the study of various cultures of some major ethnic groups in coastal areas and southern China. As early as the 1970s, when the "Yunnan fever" began, Hidsaburo Dihara had conducted many surveys among ethnic minorities from the Korean Peninsula to the northwest of Thailand and even Bali, Indonesia. In 1980s, he began to visit Zhuang people in Wuming County, Guangxi, China, and then went to Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau according to the new theory that Japanese originated in Yunnan. 198 1 spring, passed through Hainan Island, re-entered Yunnan, and visited ethnic minority villages. "In the past, I always thought that this was purely an inherent folk custom in Japan, but there are many examples in these places." For example, in Japan, on some days in the Spring and Autumn Period, both men and women have the custom of singing, especially in the area of Tsukuba Mountain in Kanto, Japan. However, Jizaburo Dihara found that besides the Hani, Yi, Dai, Wa, Bai and Naxi nationalities in Yunnan, Gaoshan nationality in Taiwan Province province, Li nationality in Hainan, Zhuang nationality in Guangxi, Miao nationality in Hunan, Miao nationality in Guizhou, Dong nationality, Buyi nationality and Miao nationality in Pingbian, Yunnan all have the custom of loving songs. These historical and cultural characteristics of human society inspired Professor Di Yuanxiu: "If we don't understand the customs and habits of the surrounding ethnic groups, especially those from East China to Southwest China, studying the Japanese will always make people feel that the arguments are not enough."

Due to the inherent particularity of its island country, Japan's social culture has contributed to the integration of exotic customs and local folk customs brought by various foreign nationalities, thus forming today's * * * culture. Therefore, he has both plain culture and mountain culture represented by many ethnic minorities in Yunnan, and at the same time, he combines the heritage of marine culture such as Guyue people, Wu people, Li people and Gaoshan people. The cultures of all ethnic groups on the island of Japan have their own characteristics, and finally a multi-component culture is formed. This composite culture was produced and cultivated from the south of Korean Peninsula, south of China and even southwest Yunnan, and then to Myanmar, Thailand, Assam, Indonesia, the Philippines and Ye Sen. He firmly combined plain culture, mountain culture and marine culture, including water culture represented by Dai people in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, and fire culture represented by Yi people in Chuxiong, Yunnan, thus achieving a very harmonious "fire and water culture". In such a broad historical and cultural atmosphere, who else can we see as the "ancestors" of the Japanese?

There are various hypotheses about the origin of Japanese race, the purpose of which is definitely not to discuss who is the "ancestor" of the Japanese. The so-called search for "ancestors" is nothing more than looking for historical and cultural phenomena between Asian nations and Japanese nations, which is far from the idea of looking for blood ancestors such as "thousands of grandchildren and Zhao Li" among people and nations. However, this positive research method is absolutely essential for the ancient Japanese history which lacks written records.

The British developed and borrowed from foreign things, thus achieving today's British culture. If the Japanese abandon the orthodox culture originated in Chinese mainland and the customs of the southern minorities, there will be few so-called "Japanese culture". From the Han Dynasty, the Japanese absorbed a lot of China's high civilization in the following centuries, and many of their traditional values, culture and art originated in China. So it should be said that China culture is the "ancestor" of Japanese culture. Before modern times in China, the Japanese liked to describe their relationship with China with "the same language and the same species", which is why the Japanese went to Chinese mainland for a long time, and why they went to the southern China and Yunnan ethnic minorities to find their "ancestors".